Pythion railway station (Greek: Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός Πυθίου, romanized: Sidirodromikós stathmós Pythíou) is a railway station and junction where the railway to Ormenio and Bulgaria branches off the main line from Thessaloniki to Istanbul through Alexandroupolis and Uzunköprü, that serves the village of Pythion, Evros in Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece. Located southeast of the village of Pythion, it is unmanned,[4] however there are waiting rooms available, if in a dilapidated state.[4] The station is the final stop in Greece before crossing the border into Turkey.[5] There is another railway stop closer to the village, Στάση Πυθίου ("Pythion halt").
Πύθιον Pythion | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 The station building, March 2007 | |||||||||||
| General information | |||||||||||
| Location | Pythion Evros Greece | ||||||||||
| Coordinates | 41°22′13″N 26°37′19″E / 41.370331°N 26.621835°E | ||||||||||
| Owned by | GAIAOSE[1] | ||||||||||
| Line(s) | |||||||||||
| Platforms | 3 | ||||||||||
| Tracks | 5 (2 disused) | ||||||||||
| Train operators | Hellenic Train | ||||||||||
| Construction | |||||||||||
| Structure type | at-grade | ||||||||||
| Platform levels | 1 | ||||||||||
| Bicycle facilities | No | ||||||||||
| Accessible |   | ||||||||||
| Other information | |||||||||||
| Status | Unstaffed | ||||||||||
| Website | http://www.ose.gr/en/ | ||||||||||
| History | |||||||||||
| Opened | 1873[3] | ||||||||||
| Electrified | No[2] | ||||||||||
| Previous names | Kuleliburgaz | ||||||||||
| Services | |||||||||||
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| Former service | |||||||||||
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History
editThe station lies on the line, built by the Chemins de fer Orientaux (CO)[3] from Istanbul to Vienna. The railway reached Pythion, known as Kuleliburgaz during Ottoman rule,[6] in 1873, when the line from Istanbul to Edirne and Bulgaria was opened.[7] A 112 kilometres (70 mi) branch from Pythion to Alexandroupolis (then known as Dedeağaç) was opened in 1874.
When the railway was built, it was all within the Ottoman Empire. During World War I, the railway was an important link for the transportation of troops and equipment, as the Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria, and Austria-Hungary were all Central Allies. On 14 December 1916 Allied, aircrafe bombed the bridge over the river Evros near Pythion (Kuleliburgaz).[8] Under the Treaty of Lausanne of 1923, a new border between Greece and Turkey was established at the Evros river, just east of Pythion, which had the result that the railway from Istanbul to Bulgaria entered Greece at Pythion, then re-entered Turkey at Edirne (Karaağaç railway station), re-entered Greece at Marasia, and finally entered Bulgaria between Ormenio and Svilengrad. This arrangement continued until 1971, when two new lines were opened.
During the occupation (and especially during German withdrawal in 1944), the network was severely damaged by both the German army and Greek resistance groups. The track and rolling stock replacement took time following the civil war, with normal service levels resumed around 1948. In 1970 OSE became the legal successor to the SEK, taking over responsibilities for most of Greece's rail infrastructure. On 1 January 1971, the station and most of the Greek rail infrastructure was transferred to the Hellenic Railways Organisation S.A., a state-owned corporation. Freight traffic declined sharply when the state-imposed monopoly of OSE for the transport of agricultural products and fertilisers ended in the early 1990s. Many small stations of the network with little passenger traffic were closed down. That same year in Turkey, the Edirne Cut-off was opened to allow trains from Istanbul to Bulgaria to run through Edirne entirely on Turkish territory so that trains such as the Orient Express no longer had to stop at Pythion. In Greece, a line was opened to allow trains from Pythion to Bulgaria to stay on Greek territory and avoid Edirne. In the 1990s, OSE introduced the InterCity service to the Alexandroupolis–Svilengrad line[9] Which reduced travel times across the whole line.
In 2001 the infrastructure element of OSE was created, known as GAIAOSE; it would henceforth be responsible for the maintenance of stations, bridges and other elements of the network, as well as the leasing and the sale of railway assists.[1] In 2005, TrainOSE was created as a brand within OSE to concentrate on rail services and passenger interface. In 2009, with the Greek debt crisis unfolding OSE's Management was forced to reduce services across the network.[10] Timetables were cutback and routes closed, as the government-run entity attempted to reduce overheads.On 11 February 2011, all cross border routes were closed and international services (to Istanbul, Sofia, etc.) were ended. Services to/from Ormenio were replaced by bus. In 2014 TrainOSE replaced services to/from Dikaia with buses[11]
In 2014 TrainOSE replaced services to/from Dikaia with buses[11] In 2017 OSE's passenger transport sector was privatised as TrainOSE, currently, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane[12] infrastructure, including stations, remained under the control of OSE. In 2019 services were suspended due to a landslide.[13] In September 2022, regular crossbourder transport resumed[14]
In 2017 the building was designated as a building of architectural importance.[15]
Following the Tempi crash, Hellenic Train announced rail replacement bus's[16] on certain routes across the Greek rail network, starting Wednesday 15th March 2023.[17]
Facilities
editThe station buildings are a beautiful example of late 19th-century railway architecture[13] In September 2022, regular cross-border transport resumed [18] The buildings neglected for years[19][4] have been upgraded and restored, with disabled access at platform level.
Services
editPythion is the first European Union railway station for trains from Turkey and passengers from the East.[4] As of 2020[update], the station is only served by one daily pair of regional trains Alexandroupolis–Ormenio[19]
Between July 2005 and February 2011 the Friendship Express (Turkish: Dostluk Ekspresi, Greek: Εξπρές Φιλίας, Exprés Filías) (an international InterCity train jointly operated by the Turkish State Railways (TCDD) and TrainOSE linking Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, Turkey and Thessaloniki, Greece) passed through Pythion, with trains changing locomotives and crew at the station.
As of October 2024[update] all services are run as a rail-replacement bus service.
Popular culture
editThe station can be found in the 1957 novel From Russia With Love, the fifth novel by the English author Ian Fleming:
Hot coffee from the meagre little buffet at Pithion, (there would be no restaurant car until midday), a painless visit from the Greek customs and passport control, and then the berths were folded away as the train hurried south towards the Gulf of Enez at the head of the Aegean.
The spelling of the station, differs in the book to real life. However like in the novel, station is still housed in its original building, with a small buffet on site and remains the only cross-boarder rail route between Greece and Turkey. However the Orient Express no longer calls or passes through the station.
References
edit- ^ a b "Home". gaiaose.com.
- ^ a b "Annexes". Network Statement (PDF) (2023 ed.). Athens: Hellenic Railways Organization. 17 January 2023. pp. 5–6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 September 2023. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
- ^ a b "Railway Network: Railway station Pythion". gaiaose.com.
- ^ a b c d "Πύθιο: Παρατημένος καταστρέφεται ο πρώτος Σιδηροδρομικός Σταθμός εισόδου στην Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση". May 12, 2017.
- ^ Δ. Μυρτσίδης (20 June 2012). "Το σιδηροδρομικό δίκτυο του Έβρου". Σιδηροδρομικά Νέα. Retrieved 2016-03-30.
- ^ I. Zartaloudis, D. Karatolos, D. Koutelidis, G. Nathenas, S. Fasoulas, A. Filippoupolitis, A. (1997). Οι Ελληνικοί Σιδηρόδρομοι (Hellenic Railways) (in Greek). Μίλητος (Militos). pp. 115–123. ISBN 960-8460-07-7.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Trains of Turkey website". Archived from the original on 2016-03-31. Retrieved 2020-01-03.
- ^ "On This Day - 14 December 1916". www.firstworldwar.com. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
- ^ "Επειδή τα τραίνα είναι γεμάτα ανθρώπους και ιστορίες και όχι μόνο εισιτήρια και αριθμούς…". 18 January 2018.
- ^ "Σιδηροδρομικός σταθμός - Μουσείο τρένων". Archived from the original on 2021-10-05. Retrieved 2022-01-07.
- ^ a b "Κυκλοφοριακές ρυθμίσεις στο τμήμα Αλεξανδρούπολη – Δίκαια από την ΤΡΑΙΝΟΣΕ". Typosthes.gr.
- ^ "It's a new day for TRAINOSE as FS acquires the entirety of the company's shares". ypodomes.com. Archived from the original on 15 September 2017. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
- ^ a b "Έτοιμος να ξανασφυρίξει και πάλι ο Οδοντωτός". 10 May 2020.
- ^ "Evros: "Opened", after years, the borders on the Greece-Turkey railway connection from Pythia". www.evros-news.gr. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
- ^ Niota, Litsa (25 August 2017). "Διατηρητέα δώδεκα (12) κτίρια του Σιδηροδρομικού Σταθμού Πυθίου Έβρου". Ελεύθερη Θράκη. Retrieved 13 May 2024.
- ^ GTP editing team. "Hellenic Train Services Replaced by Bus Routes". GTP. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
- ^ athens24, athens24 (14 March 2023). "Hellenic Train announces bus routes instead of trains | Athens24.com". www.athens24.com. athens24.com. Retrieved 10 October 2024.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Demoshakis is asking for the restoration and operation of the Pythiou station". www.radioevros.gr. Retrieved 20 October 2022.
- ^ a b Myrtsidis, Diamantis (2021). Η Ιστορία του Σιδηροδρόμου στον Έβρο (The History of Evros Railway) (in greek). Nea Vyssa: Myrtsidis. pp. 206–210. ISBN 978-618-00-3174-4.
- ^ * Fleming, Ian (1957). From Russia, with Love. New York: Macmillan. p. 6. OCLC 368046.