Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan Khokhar (16 August 1895 – 17 April 1963) was an Indian politician and monarch. He was born in Pind Dadan Khan, a town in Jhelum district, British India.[1] He was a leading member of the All India Muslim League and a trusted lieutenant of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, serving in the Interim Government of India of 1946 as a member of the Central Legislative Assembly of India.[3]
Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan Khokhar | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Indian Minister of Health | |
| In office 2 September 1946 – 14 August 1947 | |
| Prime Minister | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| Succeeded by | Rajkumari Amrit Kaur |
| Minister of Finance of Alwar State | |
| In office 11 January 1933 – 13 February 1937 | |
| Monarch | Jai Singh Prabhakar |
| Prime Minister | Francis Verner Wylie |
| Preceded by | L Alak Dhari |
| Succeeded by | Rao Sahib Lala Ramlal Anand |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 16 August 1895[1][2] Pind Dadan Khan, Jhelum district, Punjab, British India Now in Punjab, Pakistan. |
| Died | 17 April 1963 (aged 67)[1][2] |
After independence of Pakistan in 1947, he became the minister of Food, Agriculture and Health in the Government of Pakistan and finally a diplomat for Pakistan in many countries from 1948 to 1957.[1][2]
Early life and career
editGhazanfar Ali Khan's father's was Saif Ali Khan.[4] A Khokhar from Pind Dadan Khan in Jhelum district, Ghazanfar Ali was an uncle of Pir Syed Fazal Shah of Jalalpur Sharif, another influential figure in the region during the Pakistan Movement.[5] Ghazanfar completed his high school education at Jhelum and then went on to Government College, Lahore.[1]
Ghazanfar Ali Khan joined the Unionist Party in 1923 because he had political ambitions and was a prominent figure in Muslim politics by 1927, when he attended a conference, comprising 30 significant Muslim leaders, that resulted in the "Delhi Muslim Proposals" which attempted to address constitutional development but were ultimately thwarted by the recommendations of the 1928 Nehru Report.[6][1] He persuaded his nephew to support his career in politics and this brought with it support from those who favoured his nephew Pir Fazal Shah himself.
He was appointed a Revenue Minister of Alwar State in 1933 and remained on the position till 1937.
He stood in the 1937 provincial elections to the Punjab Legislative Assembly as a candidate of the All-India Muslim League and won this election to become a member of Punjab Legislative Assembly from 1937 to 1945.[2] But then deserted the Muslim League in favour of the Unionist Party after being offered a position as a parliamentary secretary by Malik Khizar Hayat Tiwana.[7] He supported the pact arranged at Lucknow between Sikandar Hayat Khan and Muhammad Ali Jinnah in October 1937, believing that the nationalist movement had suffered greatly from internal divisions and that a political party that united the aspirant Hindu and Muslim nationalist communities might prove more effective.[8] In 1944, he returned to the League fold after the split between Khizar Hayat Tiwana and Jinnah, realising that the League was likely to get the upper hand. His uncle and local supporters followed him through these various manoeuvres.[7]
In the February 1946 provincial elections, Khan was a candidate for the League in the Pind Dadan Khan constituency 77 and won the election for Muslim League.[1][5] In October of that year, he was among the five men nominated by Jinnah on behalf of the League to join the interim Government of India, in which he subsequently took the Minister of Food, Agriculture and Health portfolio. The other four nominated by the League were Liaquat Ali Khan, I. I. Chundrigar, Abdur Rab Nishtar and Jogendra Nath Mandal.[9] He said of the League's involvement that "We are going into the interim government to get a foothold to fight for our cherished goal of Pakistan".[10]
After the Partition of India, Khan became Pakistan's Minister for Food, Agriculture and Health.[2] He was minister for refugees and rehabilitation in 1948, during a period when there was much controversy regarding the movement of Muslim people between the now-divided India and Pakistan.[11]
In 1948, he became the first president of the newly formed Pakistan Hockey Federation and served for 2 years in that position (1948–1950).[12]
From 1948 to 1957, he took to a new career as a diplomat. He was successively Ambassador to Iran (1948-1952), Ambassador to Turkey (1952-1953), High Commissioner to India (1954-1956) and finally Ambassador to Italy (1956-1957).[2]
Death and legacy
editRaja Ghazanfar Ali Khan died on 17 April 1963.[1][2]
- In honour of his contribution to Pakistan, a major road called 'Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan Road' near Bohri Bazaar in Saddar, Karachi was named after him.[13]
- Pakistan Postal Services issued a commemorative postage stamp in his honor in its 'Pioneers of Freedom' series in 1990.[2]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h http://storyofpakistan.com/raja-ghazanfar-ali-khan Khokhar, Profile of Ghazanfar Ali Khan Khokhar on storyofpakistan.com website, Published 4 January 2008, Retrieved 9 February 2017
- ^ a b c d e f g h http://www.findpk.com/pof/raja_ghazanfar_ali_khan.html, Profile and commemorative postage stamp image of Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan on findpk.com website, Retrieved 9 February 2017
- ^ Khursheed Kamal Aziz (1992). Public life in Muslim India, 1850-1947: a compendium of basic information on political, social, religious, cultural and educational organizations active in pre-partition India. The University of Michigan. ISBN 9789694021195. Retrieved 12 March 2014.Page 257 & 344
- ^ Hasan, Khalid Shamsul; Singh, Amarjit (2007). Jinnah and Punjab: Shamsul Hasan collection and other documents, 1944-1947. Kanishka Publishers Distributors. p. 343. ISBN 9788173919169. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
- ^ a b Talbot, Ian (2013). Khizr Tiwana, the Punjab Unionist Party and the Partition of India. Routledge. pp. 68, 96, 146. ISBN 9781136790294. Retrieved 12 March 2014.
- ^ Panigrahi, Devendra (2004). India's Partition: The Story of Imperialism in Retreat. Routledge. pp. 47–48. ISBN 9781135768133.
- ^ a b Jalal, Ayesha (1994). The Sole Spokesman: Jinnah, the Muslim League and the Demand for Pakistan (Reprinted ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 148. ISBN 9780521458504.
- ^ Nair, Neeti (2011). Changing Homeleands. Harvard University Press. p. 157. ISBN 9780674057791.
- ^ Jalal, Ayesha (1994). The Sole Spokesman: Jinnah, the Muslim League and the Demand for Pakistan (Reprinted ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 225. ISBN 9780521458504.
- ^ Gandhi, Rajmohan (2006). Gandhi: The Man, His People, and the Empire. University of California Press. p. 536. ISBN 9780520255708.
- ^ Fazila, Vazira; Zamindar, Yacoobali (2013). The Long Partition and the Making of Modern South Asia: Refugees, Boundaries, Histories. Columbia University Press. pp. 123–126. ISBN 9780231511018.
- ^ http://www.pakistanhockeyfederation.com/history Archived 2016-10-19 at the Wayback Machine, Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan served as President, Pakistan Hockey Federation (1948–1950), Retrieved 10 February 2017
- ^ https://nearbypk.com/location/24.856731/67.030579/raja-ghazanfar-ali-rd-lucky-star-saddar-town-karachi-sindh-74400-pakistan Archived 11 February 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan Road shown on map, Retrieved 10 February 2017