Ralph Jones, GC (26 September 1900 – 5 August 1944) was an English-born Australian soldier who was posthumously awarded the George Cross for the gallantry he showed when Japanese prisoners of war staged an escape attempt on 5 August 1944 in Cowra, New South Wales.
Ralph Jones | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 26 September 1900 Gorleston, England |
| Died | 5 August 1944 (aged 43) Cowra, Australia |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom Australia |
| Service | British Army Australian Army |
| Years of service | 1918–20 1942–44 |
| Rank | Private |
| Battles / wars | |
| Awards | George Cross |
Early life
editJones was born in Gorleston, Norfolk, England, and educated there until the age of 14. He served in the British Army at the end of World War I and in the army of occupation on the Rhine, Germany, until invalided home in April 1920. He emigrated to Australia about 1926.[1]
Second World War and death
editOn 15 January 1942, Jones was mobilised and, in February, was posted to the prison camp at Cowra.[1]
Cowra breakout
editOn 5 August 1944, Japanese prisoners at the camp, armed with improvised knives and bats, stormed the guard posts with what a military court of inquiry termed "a suicidal disregard of life." A total of 231 prisoners were killed during the ensuing fighting and 108 wounded. All of the escapees were recaptured within days. Jones was killed in the outbreak, as was Private Benjamin Gower Hardy, who operated a Vickers machine gun alongside Jones and who was also awarded the George Cross. Private Charles Henry Shepherd was the third victim of the fighting at the camp, while Lieutenant Harry Doncaster was ambushed and killed while recapturing the escapees. The court of inquiry found that the Australian soldiers had ceased fire as soon as they had re-established control of the camp, and that many of the dead had either killed themselves or been killed by fellow prisoners, while many of the wounded had self-inflicted injuries.[2]
References
edit- ^ a b Gordon, Harry (1996). "Jones, Ralph (1900–1944)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 27 March 2008.
- ^ "Fact sheet 198 – Cowra outbreak, 1944". National Archives of Australia. Archived from the original on 10 October 2008. Retrieved 27 March 2008.