Redonographa is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the monogeneric family Redonographaceae.[1] It has five species.[2]
| Redonographa | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Graphidales |
| Family: | Redonographaceae Lumbsch (2020) |
| Genus: | Redonographa Lücking, Tehler & Lumbsch (2013) |
| Type species | |
| Redonographa chilensis (Zahlbr.) Lücking & Tehler (2013)
| |
| Species | |
|
R. chilensis | |
Taxonomy
editIn 2013, lichenologists Robert Lücking, Anders Tehler, and Helge Thorsten Lumbsch proposed the new subfamily Redonographoideae to contain a lineage of lichen-forming fungi distinct from the Graphidaceae subfamilies Fissurinoideae and Graphidoideae. They introduced the genus Redonographa with Redonographa chilensis assigned its type species. Four species were initially included in the genus;[3] a fifth was added in 2020.[4] The genus is named in honour of Jorge Redón Figueroa (botany professor at Viña del Mar University and a professor emeritus at both the University of Chile (Faculty of Sciences) and the University of Valparaíso (Institute of Oceanology) for his significant contributions to Chilean lichenology.[3]
In 2020, Lumbsch proposed the family Redonographaceae, with the authority "(Lücking, Tehler & Lumbsch) Lumbsch, stat nov.".[5] In botanical taxonomy, "stat. nov." is an abbreviation for the Latin term "status novus," ("new status"), and is used to indicate that an existing taxon (in this case, the subfamily Redonographoideae) has been reclassified or reassigned to a different rank or status within the taxonomic hierarchy.[5]
Description
editThe genus Redonographa is distinct from Carbacanthographis due to its predominantly saxicolous growth habit, meaning it grows on rocks, and its predominantly smooth periphysoids, which are hair-like extensions found in the lirellae. The thallus, or outer layer of the lichen body, is relatively thick and varies in appearance from continuous to areolate. It may be ecorticate, meaning it lacks a cortex, or feature a compacted pseudocortex.[3]
The lirellae, or fruiting structures, of Redonographa lichens can be erumpent to prominent and display a variety of forms, from unbranched to stellate (star-like) branching or even appearing in pseudostromatic clusters. These lirellae are surrounded by a basal to almost complete thalline margin. As they mature, their excipulum, or outer covering, becomes fully carbonized, arching over the hymenium and featuring short, smooth or apically warty periphysoids above it. The hymenium of these lichens is clear.[3]
Each ascus, or spore-producing sac, in Redonographa lichens contains eight ascospores. These spores are ellipsoid to oblong in shape and have 3–5 transverse septa or are somewhat muriform with 3–5 transverse and 0–2 longitudinal septa per segment. The spores have thickened septa and lens-shaped to rounded lumina, and they are transparent. These ascospores exhibit a negative iodine (Lugol) reaction. In terms of secondary chemistry, Redonographa lichens produce norstictic acid.[3]
Species
editCentral and northern Chile appears to be the centre of diversity for Redonographa.[3]
- Redonographa chilensis (Zahlbr.) Lücking & Tehler (2013) – Chile
- Redonographa galapagoensis Bungartz & Lücking (2013) – Galapagos Islands
- Redonographa parvispora R.Miranda, Barcenas-Peña & Lücking (2020)[4] – Mexico
- Redonographa saxiseda (Zahlbr.) Lücking & Tehler (2013) – Chile
- Redonographa saxorum (Egea & Torrente) Lücking & Tehler (2013) – California and Baja California; Galapagos Islands
References
edit- ^ "Redonographa". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 6 April 2023.
- ^ Wijayawardene, N.N.; Hyde, K.D.; Dai, D.Q.; Sánchez-García, M.; Goto, B.T.; Saxena, R.K.; et al. (2022). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa – 2021". Mycosphere. 13 (1): 53–453. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/13/1/2. hdl:10481/76378. S2CID 249054641.
- ^ a b c d e f Lücking, Robert; Tehler, Anders; Bungartz, Frank; Rivas Plata, Eimy; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten (2013). "Journey from the West: Did tropical Graphidaceae (lichenized Ascomycota: Ostropales) evolve from a saxicolous ancestor along the American Pacific coast?". American Journal of Botany. 100 (5): 844–856. doi:10.3732/ajb.1200548. PMID 23594913.
- ^ a b Miranda-González, Ricardo; Lücking, Robert; Barcenas-Peña, Alejandrina; Ángeles Herrera-Campos, María de los (2020). "The new genus Jocatoa (Lecanoromycetes: Graphidaceae) and new insights into subfamily Redonographoideae". The Bryologist. 123 (2): 127–143. doi:10.1639/0007-2745-123.2.127. S2CID 215812045.
- ^ a b Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, LKT; Dolatabadi, S; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456 [1102]. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8. hdl:10481/61998.