Reginald de Dunstanville (c. 1110 – 1 July 1175) (alias Reginald FitzRoy, Reginald FitzHenry, Rainald, etc., French: Renaud de Donstanville or de Dénestanville) was an Anglo-Norman nobleman and an illegitimate son of King Henry I (1100–1135). He became Earl of Cornwall and High Sheriff of Devon.
Reginald de Dunstanville | |
|---|---|
| Earl of Cornwall High Sheriff of Devon | |
| Born | c. 1100 Dénestanville, France |
| Died | 1 July 1175 (aged 75) Chertsey, Surrey |
| Spouse(s) | Mabel FitzRichard |
| Father | Henry I of England |
| Mother | Sybilla Corbet of Alcester |
Origins
editReginald was born in Dénestanville in the Duchy of Normandy, an illegitimate son of King Henry I (1100–1135) by his mistress Sybilla Corbet of Alcester[1] who was a daughter and co-heiress of Sir Robert Corbet, lord of the manor of Alcester, Warwickshire, and wife (at some point) of "Herbert the King's Chamberlain".
Career
editAntiquaries Carew and Williams refer to Reginald as the Earl of Bristol, and with Hals report that he married Agnes (sometimes called Avicia, or Beatrix), granddaughter of Condor of Cornwall (the Earl of Cornwall at the time of the Conquest), and in her right was made Earl of Cornwall.[2][3][4] According to Carew William Camden gave an alternative account, with Henry I investing Reginald as earl of Cornwall, after taking it from William, Count of Mortain who rebelled against him in 1104; however, Camden's own account has Henry II advancing Reginald to the position, while making preparations to fight Stephen.[2][5]
During the war between Matilda and Stephen, Reginald, who supported Matilda, was in control of Cornwall. Subsequently, forced out of Cornwall by Stephen's forces, Reginald lost the earldom to Alan of Richmond.[6] By 1141, Stephen's forces had been beaten and Reginald was invested with the Earldom of Cornwall by his half-sister Matilda in 1141.[a][7] In about 1173 he granted a charter to his free burgesses of Truro in Cornwall and addressed his meetings at Truro to "All men both Cornish and English," suggesting a differentiation of nations. He served as Sheriff of Devon from 1173 to 1174.
Marriage and progeny
editReginald married Mabel FitzWilliam, daughter of William FitzRichard, a substantial landholder in Cornwall, by whom he had the following progeny:
- Nicholas de Dunstanville (1136–1175);
- Hawyse (or Denise) de Dunstanville (1138–21 April 1162), wife of Richard de Redvers, 2nd Earl of Devon;
- Maud FitzRoy de Dunstanville of Cornwall (b. 1143, Dunstanville, Kent, England), wife of Sir Robert de Beaumont, Count of Meulan;[8]
- Ursula de Dunstanville (b. 1145), wife of Walter de Dunstanville, Lord Castlecomb;
- Sarah de Dunstanville (b. 1147), wife of Ademar V, Viscount of Limoges;
- Joan FitzRoy (b. c. 1150), wife of Ralph de Valletort, feudal baron of Trematon in Cornwall.
Illegitimate progeny
editReginald also had illegitimate children by his mistress Beatrice de Vaux (also known as de Valle), the daughter of Hubert I de Vaux and later the wife of William Brewer:
- Henry FitzCount (d. 1222), Sheriff of Cornwall and Earl of Cornwall;[9] and
- William FitzCount.
Death and burial
editReginald died at Chertsey, Surrey, and was buried in Reading Abbey.[10]
Notes and references
editNotes
editExplanatory
edit- ^ Malmesbury states Robert of Gloucester invested Reginald as Earl of Cornwall.[6]
Citation
edit- ^ Clark 1995, p. 122.
- ^ a b Richard Carew (1769) [1602]. The Survey of Cornwall. And An Epistle concerning the Excellencies of the English Tongue. E. Law and J. Hewett.
- ^ Williams, John (1910). Bradney, Joseph Alfred (ed.). Llyfr Baglan, or, The Book of Baglan, compiled between the years 1600 and 1607. London: Mitchell, Hughes and Clarke. p. 151. hdl:2027/uiug.30112086070007.
- ^ Davies Gilbert [Ed.] (1838). The Parochial History of Cornwall, Founded on the Manuscript Histories of Mr. Hals and Mr. Tonkin; with Additions and Various Appendices. J. B. Nichols and Son.
- ^ Camden, William (1722). "Cornwall". Britannia: or a Chorographical Description of Great Britain and Ireland. Vol. 1. Translated by Gibson, Edmund (2nd ed.). London: Awnsham Churchill. cols. 26–27.
- ^ a b Matthew 2002, p. 97.
- ^ Chibnall 1991, p. 101.
- ^ de Pontfarcy 1995, p. 357.
- ^ Powicke 1933, p. 260.
- ^ Baxter 2016, p. 77.
Sources
edit- Baxter, Ron (2016). The Royal Abbey of Reading. The Boydell Press.
- Chibnall, Marjorie (1991). The Empress Matilda: Queen Consort, Queen Mother and Lady of the English. Basil Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-631-15737-3.
- Clark, Cecily (1995). Jackson, Peter (ed.). Words, Names, and History: Selected Writings of Cecily Clark. D.S. Brewer.
- Matthew, Donald (2002). King Stephen. Hambledon and London.
- de Pontfarcy, Yolande (1 October – 31 December 1995). "Si Marie de France était Marie de Meulan". Cahiers de Civilisation Médiévale (in French). 38 (152): 353–361. doi:10.3406/ccmed.1995.2630. ISSN 0007-9731. Retrieved 27 January 2022 – via Persée.
- Powicke, F.M. (1933). "Loretta, Countess of Leicester". In Tait, James (ed.). Historical Essays in Honour of James Tait. Manchester University Press.
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