Rîbnița or Rybnitsa (Romanian: Rîbnița or Râbnița Romanian pronunciation: [ˈrɨbnit͡sa], Moldovan Cyrillic: Рыбница; Russian: Ры́бница, Rybnitsa; Ukrainian: Ри́бниця, Rybnytsia; Polish: Rybnica; Yiddish: ריבניצע, Ribnitse) is a town in the breakaway Moldovan region of Transnistria. According to the 2004 census, it has a population of 53,648. Rîbnița is situated in the northern half of Transnistria, on the left bank of the Dniester, and is separated from the river by a concrete dam. The town is the seat of the Rîbnița District.
Rîbnița
Rybnitsa | |
|---|---|
 Rîbnița's skyline as view from over the Dniester river | |
 Flag  Seal | |
| Anthem: Hymn of Rîbnița | |
  Rîbnița Location of Rîbnița in Transnistria  Rîbnița Location of Rîbnița in Moldova | |
| Coordinates: 47°46′N 29°0′E / 47.767°N 29.000°E | |
| Country (de jure) |  Moldova |
| Country (de facto) |  Transnistria[a] |
| Founded | 1628 |
| Government | |
| • Head of the State Administration of the Rybnitsa Raion and the Rybnitsa City | Alla Demyanova[1] |
| Population (2014) | |
• Total | 47,949 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Climate | Dfa |
History
edit
Rîbnița was founded in 1628 as the Ruthenian village Rybnytsia, its name meaning "fishery" (from рꙑба, "fish"). As early as 1657, Rîbnița was mentioned in documents as an important town. Rybnica, as it was known in Polish, was a private town of the Koniecpolski, Lubomirski, Kożuchowski noble families,[2] administratively located in the Bracław County in the Bracław Voivodeship in the Lesser Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland.[3] In 1672 it fell to the Ottoman Empire, but was regained by Poland in 1699. Strong Western European influences can be seen in this formerly Polish town. Following the Second Partition of Poland, in 1793, Rîbnița passed from Poland to Russia. In 1802 the Saint Michael church was built, and in 1817 the Saint Joseph church was built.[2]
After the fall of Tsarist Russia, it became part of the newly formed Ukrainian People's Republic in 1917, then fell to Soviet Ukraine in 1919, and eventually became part of the Moldavian Autonomous Oblast in 1924, which was soon converted into the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940 during World War II. From 1941 to 1944, it was administered by Romania as part of the Transnistria Governorate. On March 17, 1944, during World War II, the Nazis executed almost 400 prisoners, Soviet citizens at Rîbnița.[4]
Economy
editRîbnița is home to Transnistria's largest[5][6] company, a steel plant which produces more than $500 million worth of exports a year and traditionally has accounted for between 40% and 50% of Transnistria's GDP.[citation needed] Other industries are also present in Rîbnița, including the oldest sugar plant in Transnistria (founded in 1898), an alcohol distillery, and a cement factory. The city has a large railway station and a river port, as well as a supermarket owned by Sheriff.
People and culture
edit
Central Rîbnița has tall buildings and an active city life. There is a popular park near the town reservoir, and many historical and architectural monuments in the town and its surrounding areas. The main street in the town is Victory Street.
Demographics
editIn 1970, Rîbnița had a population of 32,400 people; in 1989 it had increased to 61,352. According to the 2004 Census in Transnistria, the city had 53,648 inhabitants,[7] including 11,235 Moldovans (20.94%), 24,898 Ukrainians (46.41%), 11,738 Russians (2.88%), 480 Poles (0.89%), 328 Belarusians, 220 Bulgarians, 166 Jews, 106 Germans, 96 Gagauzians, 71 Armenians, 38 Roma, and 4245 others and non-declared.[8]
Religion
editRîbnița has three places of worship located right next to each other; a Catholic church, an Orthodox church, and a synagogue.
Sport
editFC Iskra-Stal Rîbnița is the city's professional football club, playing in the top Moldovan football league, the Divizia Națională.
Climate
edit| Climate data for Rîbnița (1991–2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 0.7 (33.3) |
3.0 (37.4) |
9.2 (48.6) |
17.0 (62.6) |
22.9 (73.2) |
26.5 (79.7) |
28.7 (83.7) |
28.5 (83.3) |
22.5 (72.5) |
15.4 (59.7) |
7.9 (46.2) |
2.2 (36.0) |
15.4 (59.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.4 (27.7) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
3.9 (39.0) |
10.6 (51.1) |
16.3 (61.3) |
20.2 (68.4) |
22.2 (72.0) |
21.6 (70.9) |
16.0 (60.8) |
9.8 (49.6) |
4.2 (39.6) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
10.1 (50.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.2 (22.6) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
4.6 (40.3) |
9.8 (49.6) |
13.9 (57.0) |
15.8 (60.4) |
14.8 (58.6) |
10.1 (50.2) |
5.0 (41.0) |
1.2 (34.2) |
−3.4 (25.9) |
5.2 (41.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 33 (1.3) |
27 (1.1) |
28 (1.1) |
37 (1.5) |
50 (2.0) |
70 (2.8) |
72 (2.8) |
50 (2.0) |
53 (2.1) |
37 (1.5) |
41 (1.6) |
31 (1.2) |
530 (20.9) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 72 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 53 | 72 | 137 | 194 | 275 | 298 | 317 | 298 | 202 | 135 | 64 | 46 | 2,091 |
| Source: NOAA[9] | |||||||||||||
Notable people
edit
.JPG)
- Rabbi Chaim Zanvl Abramowitz, (born 1902 Rybnitsa – 1995) known as the Ribnitzer Rebbe and considered a great Hasidic tzadik
- Meir Argov (1905 in Rybnitsa – 1963 in Israel) a Zionist activist and Israeli politician
- Gherasim Rudi (1907 in Sărăței – 1982 in Chișinău) was a Moldavian SSR politician, the prime minister of Moldavian SSR 1946 – 1958
- Petru Pascari (born 1929 in Stroenți) was a Moldavian SSR politician, prime minister of Moldavian SSR 1970 – 1976 and in 1990
- Ivan Calin (1935 in Plopi – 2012 in Chișinău) was a Moldovan politician. Calin was President of the Presidium from 1980 to 1985 then prime minister of the Moldavian SSR until 1990.
- Eugen Doga (born 1937 in Mocra) is a Moldovan composer
- Yevgeny Shevchuk (born 1968 in Rybnitsa) a former President of the Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic, better known as Transnistria
- Olena Lukash (born 1976 in Rybnitsa) a Ukrainian jurist and politician and former Minister of Justice of Ukraine, member of the Party of Regions
- Dima Kash (born 1989 in Rybnitsa) a Russian-born singer-songwriter and rapper based in Twin Cities, Minnesota
- Artiom Rozgoniuc (born 1995 in Rybnitsa) a Moldovan footballer who plays for FC Petrocub Hîncești
- DoReDos is a trio composed of Marina Djundyet, Eugeniu Andrianov, and Sergiu Mîța, who represented Moldova in the Eurovision Song Contest in Lisbon, Portugal, in 2018.
International relations
editTwin towns — Sister cities
editRîbnița is twinned with:
Notes
edit- ^ Transnistria's political status is disputed. It considers itself to be an independent state, but this is not recognised by any UN member state. The Moldovan government and the international community consider Transnistria a part of Moldova's territory.
References
edit- ^ Президент ПМР назначил главой государственной администрации города Рыбница и Рыбницкого района Аллу Демьянову
- ^ a b Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom X (in Polish). Warszawa. 1889. p. 61.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Krykun, Mykola (2012). Воєводства Правобережної України у XVI-XVIII століттях: Статті і матеріали (in Ukrainian and Polish). p. 531. ISBN 978-617-607-240-9.
- ^ "The Ghetto in Rabnita". roholocaust.com. Retrieved 2024-11-02.
- ^ [1] basa.md
- ^ www.unimedia.md
- ^ pridnestrovie.net
- ^ The Transnistrian census of 2004 data by nationality at http://pop-stat.mashke.org/pmr-ethnic-loc2004.htm
- ^ "Rîbnița Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 21 August 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
External links
edit- Official site of the city
- (in Polish) Rybnica (Rîbnița) in the Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland (1889)
- City portal
- Map of Rîbnița