2018 Rio de Janeiro gubernatorial election
The Rio de Janeiro gubernatorial election of October 2018 was for the election of the Governor and Vice Governor of Rio de Janeiro and 70 State Deputies. People also voted for 2 of 3 Senators of the state representation in the Federal legislative power, with 45 federal deputies representatives of the Rio de Janeiro State. A second round was held after no candidate managed to secure more than 50% of the Governor votes.
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Gubernatorial election | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Candidate with the most votes per municipality in the 2nd round (92):
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This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below. |
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Candidate with the most votes per municipality in the 1st round (92):
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The previous gubernatorial election in the state was held in October 2014. Supported by the Brazilian Democratic Movement, Luiz Fernando Pezão was re-elected in second round with 55.78% of the votes, against 44.22% of Marcelo Crivella.[1]
In the second round runoff, Wilson Witzel was elected Governor of Rio de Janeiro.
Gubernatorial candidates
editCandidates in runoff
editParty | Candidate | Most relevant political office or occupation | Party | Running mate | Coalition | Electoral number | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Social Christian Party (PSC) |
Wilson Witzel |
Federal judge of the 2nd Region (2001–2018) |
Social Christian Party (PSC) |
Cláudio Castro |
More Order, More Progress | 20 | ||
Democrats (DEM) |
Eduardo Paes |
Mayor of Rio de Janeiro (2009–2017) |
Popular Socialist Party (PPS) |
Comte Bittencourt |
Strength of Rio
|
25 |
Candidates failing to make runoff
editParty | Candidate | Most relevant political office or occupation | Party | Running mate | Coalition | Electoral number | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic Labour Party (PDT) |
Pedro Fernandes Neto |
Member of the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro (2007–2019) |
Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB) | Gláucio Julianelli |
Renew to Change
|
12 | ||
Workers' Party (PT) |
Marcia Tiburi |
Philosopher, plastic artist, university professor and writer | Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB) |
Leonardo Giordano | Popular Front
|
13 | ||
Dayse Oliveira |
Teacher and political militant | Pedro Villas-Bôas | — | 16 | ||||
Podemos (PODE) |
Romário Faria |
Senator for Rio de Janeiro (2015–present) |
Party of the Republic (PR) |
Marcelo Delaroli |
The Strength that Comes from the People
|
19 | ||
Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB) | André Monteiro |
Warrant Officer of the Military Police of Rio de Janeiro State | Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB) | Jonas Licurgo | — | 28 | ||
New Party (NOVO) |
Marcelo Trindade |
Lawyer and professor |
New Party (NOVO) |
Carmen Migueles | — | 30 | ||
Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL) |
Tarcísio Motta |
Member of the Municipal Chamber of Rio de Janeiro (2017–2023) |
Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL) |
Ivanete Silva | Change is Possible
|
50 | ||
Social Democratic Party (PSD) |
Indio da Costa |
Member of the Chamber of Deputies (2015–2019) |
Social Democratic Party (PSD) |
Zaqueu Teixeira |
— | 55 |
Candidacies denied
editParty | Candidate | Most relevant political office or occupation | Party | Running mate | Coalition | Electoral number | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Workers' Cause Party (PCO) |
Luiz Eugênio |
Metal worker |
Workers' Cause Party (PCO) |
Joaquim Nogueira | — | 29 | ||
Progressive Republican Party (PRP) | Anthony Garotinho |
Member of the Chamber of Deputies (2011–2015) |
Brazilian Republican Party (PRB) | Leide Duarte | For the People to be Happy Again
|
44 |
Declined candidates
edit- Paulo Hartung (MDB) - Governor of Espírito Santo 2003–2011 and since 2015; Senator for Espírito Santo 1999–2002; Mayor of Vitória 1993–1997; Federal Deputy from Espírito Santo 1987–1991; State Deputy of Espírito Santo 1983–1987.[2]
- Marcelo Crivella (PRB) - Mayor of Rio de Janeiro since 2017; Minister of Fishing and Aquaculture 2012–2014; Senator for Rio de Janeiro 2003–2016. Candidate for Governor of Rio de Janeiro in 2006 and 2014.[3]
- Sérgio Besserman Vianna - President of IBGE 1999–2003.[4]
- Omar Peres (PDT) - businessman. Candidate for Mayor of Juiz de Fora in 2008.[5]
- Rodrigo Neves (PDT) - Mayor of Niterói since 2013; State Deputy of Rio de Janeiro 2007–2013; City Councillor of Niterói 1997–2007.[6]
- Cesar Maia (DEM) - City Councillor of Rio de Janeiro since 2013; Mayor of Rio de Janeiro 1993–1997, 2001–2009; Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro 1987–1992. Candidate for Senator in 2010 and 2014.[7]
- Bernardo Rezende (NOVO) - Brazil men's national volleyball team coach 2001–2017.[8]
- Eduardo Bandeira de Mello - President of Flamengo Rowing Club since 2013.[9]
- Celso Amorim (PT) - Minister of Defence 2011–2015; Minister of Foreign Affairs 1993–1995, 2003–2011.[10]
- Miro Teixeira (REDE) - Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro since 1987, 1971–1983; Minister of Communications 2003–2004.
- Chico Alencar (PSOL) - Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro.
- Vinícius Farah (MDB) - Mayor of Três Rios 2009–2017; Vice Mayor of Três Rios 2005–2009.
- Rubem Cesar Fernandes (PPS) - Director of Viva Rio.[11]
- Mendelssohn Kieling (PMB) - Prosecutor of justice.[12]
- Leonardo Giordano (PCdoB) - City Councillor of Niterói since 2009.[13]
Debates
editGovernor
edit2018 Rio de Janeiro gubernatorial election debates | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | Date | Hosts | Moderators | Participants | |||||||
Key: P Present A Absent N Not invited Out Out of the election |
PSC | DEM | PSOL | PODE | PDT | PSD | PT | PRP | |||
Witzel | Paes | Motta | Romário | Fernandes | Indio | Tiburi | Garotinho | ||||
1.1 | Thursday, 16 August 2018 | Rede Bandeirantes | Rodolfo Schneider | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
1.2 | Tuesday, 28 August 2018 | O Globo, Jornal Extra, Época, Estácio | Ancelmo Gois, Berenice Seara | N | P | P | A | N | P | N | P |
1.3 | Wednesday, 19 September 2018 | SBT, Folha, UOL | Isabele Benito | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | P |
1.4 | Friday, 28 September 2018 | RecordTV, R7 | Janine Borba | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | Out |
1.5 | Tuesday, 2 October 2018 | Rede Globo, G1 | Ana Paula Araújo | P | P | P | P | P | P | P | Out |
2.1 | Wednesday, 17 October 2018 | O Globo, Jornal Extra, Época | Berenice Seara | P | P | Out | |||||
2.2 | Thursday, 18 October 2018 | Rede Bandeirantes | Rodolfo Schneider | P | P | ||||||
2.3 | Friday, 19 October 2018 | RecordTV, R7 | Janine Borba | P | P | ||||||
2.4 | Monday, 22 October 2022 | CBN, G1 | Bianca Santos | P | P | ||||||
2.5 | Tuesday, 23 October 2022 | SBT, Folha, UOL, Super Rádio Tupi | Isabele Benito | P | P | ||||||
2.6 | Thursday, 25 October 2018 | Rede Globo, G1 | Ana Paula Araújo | P | P |
Opinion polls
editGovernor
editFirst round
editPollster/client(s) | Date(s) conducted |
Sample size |
Paes DEM |
Romário PODE |
Garotinho PRP/PR |
Motta PSOL |
Indio PSD |
Fernandes PDT |
Witzel PSC |
Pezão PMDB |
Crivella PRB |
Others | Abst. Undec. |
Lead |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 election | 7 Oct | – | 19.56% | 8.70% | – | 10.72% | 5.95% | 6.11% | 41.28% | – | – | 7.68% | 19.34% | 21.72% |
Datafolha | 5–6 Oct | 2,667 | 23% | 15% | – | 10% | 11% | 5% | 14% | – | – | 5% | 14% | 8% |
Ibope | 4–6 Oct | 2,002 | 26% | 17% | – | 7% | 10% | 5% | 10% | – | – | 8% | 17% | 9% |
Datafolha | 3–4 Oct | 1,484 | 24% | 16% | – | 9% | 10% | 6% | 10% | – | – | 8% | 18% | 8% |
Ibope | 30 Sep–2 Oct | 2,002 | 26% | 19% | – | 6% | 10% | 3% | 7% | – | – | 10% | 20% | 7% |
27 Sep | The Superior Electoral Court bans Anthony Garotinho from running in the 2018 elections | |||||||||||||
Datafolha | 26–28 Sep | 1,414 | 25% | 14% | 15% | 6% | 8% | 2% | 4% | – | – | 6% | 19% | 10% |
Ibope | 22–24 Sep | 1,512 | 24% | 16% | 16% | 4% | 6% | 2% | 4% | – | – | 7% | 22% | 8% |
Datafolha | 18–19 Sep | 1,358 | 22% | 14% | 12% | 6% | 7% | 2% | 4% | – | – | 5% | 27% | 8% |
Ibope | 4–10 Sep | 1,204 | 23% | 20% | 12% | 5% | 4% | 2% | 1% | – | – | 5% | 29% | 3% |
Datafolha | 4–6 Sep | 1,357 | 24% | 14% | 10% | 7% | 5% | 3% | 1% | – | – | 5% | 30% | 10% |
Datafolha | 20–21 Aug | 1,322 | 18% | 16% | 12% | 5% | 5% | 3% | 1% | – | – | 7% | 33% | 2% |
Ibope | 17–20 Aug | 1,204 | 12% | 14% | 12% | 5% | 3% | 2% | 1% | – | – | 5% | 46% | 2% |
2014 election | 5 Oct 2014 | – | – | – | 19.73% | 8.92% | – | – | – | 40.57% | 20.26% | 10.53% | 17.56% | 20.31% |
Second round
editPollster/client(s) | Date(s) conducted |
Sample size |
Witzel PSC |
Paes DEM |
Pezão PMDB |
Crivella PRB |
Abst. Undec. |
Lead |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 election | 28 Oct | – | 59.87% | 40.13% | – | – | 17.06% | 19.74% |
Datafolha | 26–27 Oct | 3,008 | 44% | 40% | – | – | 16% | 4% |
Ibope | 25–27 Oct | 2,002 | 45% | 38% | – | – | 17% | 7% |
Datafolha | 24–25 Oct | 1,481 | 47% | 37% | – | – | 17% | 10% |
Ibope | 20–23 Oct | 1,512 | 48% | 38% | – | – | 14% | 10% |
Datafolha | 17–18 Oct | 1,484 | 50% | 33% | – | – | 17% | 17% |
Ibope | 15–17 Oct | 1,512 | 51% | 34% | – | – | 14% | 17% |
2014 election | 26 Oct | – | – | – | 55.78% | 44.22% | 17.5% | 11.56% |
Senator
editPollster/client(s) | Date(s) conducted |
Sample size |
Maia DEM |
Farias PT |
Bolsonaro PSL |
Alencar PSOL |
Teixeira REDE |
Pereira PSC |
Oliveira PSD |
Lopes PRB |
Crivella PRB |
Picciani PMDB |
Others | Abst. Undec. (1st seat) |
Abst. Undec. (2nd seat) |
Lead |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 election | 7 Oct | – | 16.67% | 10.17% | 31.36% | 9.17% | 3.09% | 2.58% | 17.06% | 3.64% | – | – | 6.27% | 26.29% | 14.30% | |
Datafolha | 3–4 Oct | 1,542 | 29% | 20% | 30% | 15% | 11% | 7% | 11% | 3% | – | – | 18% | 21% | 34% | 1% |
Ibope | 30 Sep–2 Oct | 2,002 | 27% | 22% | 26% | 11% | 10% | 7% | 9% | 4% | – | – | 22% | 16% | 25% | 1% |
Datafolha | 26–28 Sep | 1,414 | 26% | 22% | 25% | 14% | 11% | 6% | 9% | 4% | – | – | 18% | 24% | 40% | 1% |
Ibope | 22–24 Sep | 1,512 | 27% | 19% | 22% | 11% | 10% | 8% | 7% | 3% | – | – | 20% | 18% | 26% | 5% |
Datafolha | 18–19 Sep | 1,358 | 24% | 21% | 26% | 12% | 11% | 7% | 8% | 4% | – | – | 19% | 46% | 26% | 2% |
Ibope | 7–9 Sep | 1,204 | 22% | 15% | 19% | 11% | 9% | 7% | 4% | – | – | – | 18% | 27% | 37% | 3% |
Paraná Pesquisas | 25–30 Aug | 1,860 | 15.7% | 14.1% | 19.7% | 11.3% | 8.5% | 6.3% | 6.5% | 4.1% | – | – | 11.4% | 34.2% | 4% | |
RealTime Big Data | 10–12 Aug | 2,000 | 15% | 10% | 24% | 14% | 5% | 2% | 4% | 7% | – | – | 5% | 12% | 9% | |
2010 election | 3 Oct | – | 11.06% | 28.65% | – | – | – | – | – | – | 22.66% | 20.73% | 16.91% | 23.18% | 5.99% |
Senate elections
editConfirmed candidates
editParty | Candidate | Most relevant political office or occupation | Party | Candidates for Alternate Senators | Coalition | Electoral number | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Eduardo Lopes |
Senator for Rio de Janeiro (2017–2019) |
1st alternate senator: Jane Crivella |
For the People to be Happy Again
|
100 | ||||
Christian Labour Party (PTC) |
2nd alternate senator: Luiz Guedes Junior | |||||||
Patriota (PATRI) |
Walter Cristie |
Theology, pastor and entrepreneur | Progressive Republican Party (PRP) | 1st alternate senator: Carla Jordes |
511 | |||
2nd alternate senator: Mauro Cunha | ||||||||
Democratic Labour Party (PDT) |
José Bonifácio |
Democratic Labour Party (PDT) |
1st alternate senator: Maria José Lagte |
Renew to Change
|
123 | |||
2nd alternate senator: Alice Alves | ||||||||
Workers' Party (PT) |
Lindbergh Farias |
Senator for Rio de Janeiro (2011–2019) |
Workers' Party (PT) |
1st alternate senator: Edinho Silva |
Popular Front
|
131 | ||
2nd alternate senator: Anazir Oliveira | ||||||||
Samantha Guedes |
Political militant | 1st alternate senator: Juzerley Assunção |
— | 160 | ||||
2nd alternate senator: Maria Elisa Guimarães | ||||||||
Cyro Garcia |
Member of the Chamber of Deputies (1992–1993) |
1st alternate senator: Julia Eberhardt |
161 | |||||
2nd alternate senator: Sérgio Perdigão | ||||||||
Social Liberal Party (PSL) |
Flávio Bolsonaro |
Member of the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro (2003–2019) |
Social Liberal Party (PSL) |
1st alternate senator: Paulo Marinho |
— | 177 | ||
2nd alternate senator: Leonardo Rodrigues | ||||||||
Sustainability Network (REDE) |
Miro Teixeira |
Member of the Chamber of Deputies (1987–) |
Sustainability Network (REDE) |
1st alternate senator: Sônia Rabello |
The Strength that Comes from the People
|
188 | ||
2nd alternate senator: Valéria Tatsch | ||||||||
Social Christian Party (PSC) |
Everaldo Pereira |
PSC National President (2015–2023) |
Social Christian Party (PSC) |
1st alternate senator: Donizete Pereira |
More Order, More Progress | 200 | ||
2nd alternate senator: Laercio de Almeida | ||||||||
|
Founder of Classist Unity and member of PCB women's wing | 1st alternate senator: Valmiria Guida |
Change is Possible
|
211 | ||||
2nd alternate senator: Ricardo Pinheiro | ||||||||
Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL) |
Chico Alencar |
Member of the Chamber of Deputies (2003–2019) |
Socialism and Liberty Party (PSOL) |
1st alternate senator: Vanderleia Aguiar |
500 | |||
2nd alternate senator: Dodora Mota | ||||||||
Democrats (DEM) |
Cesar Maia |
Member of the Municipal Chamber of Rio de Janeiro (2013–present) |
Democrats (DEM) |
1st alternate senator: Sergio Zveiter |
Strength of Rio
|
255 | ||
Progressistas (PP) |
2nd alternate senator: Alice Tamborindeguy | |||||||
Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB) | Aspásia Camargo |
Member of the Legislative Assembly of Rio de Janeiro (2011–2015) |
Progressistas (PP) |
1st alternate senator: Marco Magalhães |
455 | |||
Brazilian Labour Party (PTB) |
2nd alternate senator: Jorge Rodino | |||||||
Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB) | Mattos Nascimento | Evangelical singer and songwriter | Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB) | 1st alternate senator: Felipe Pereira |
— | 281 | ||
2nd alternate senator: Djamim Ferreira | ||||||||
Brazilian Woman's Party (PMB) | Gabrielle Burcci | Entrepreneur | Brazilian Woman's Party (PMB) | 1st alternate senator: Sidclei Bernardo |
— | 355 | ||
2nd alternate senator: Silvio Mallet | ||||||||
Social Democratic Party (PSD) |
Arolde de Oliveira |
Member of the Chamber of Deputies (1984–2019) |
Social Democratic Party (PSD) |
1st alternate senator: Carlos Portinho |
— | 555 | ||
2nd alternate senator: Renata Guerra |
Candidacy denied
editParty | Candidate | Most relevant political office or occupation | Party | Candidates for Alternate Senators | Coalition | Electoral number | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Workers' Cause Party (PCO) |
Fernando Fagundes | University professor |
Workers' Cause Party (PCO) |
1st alternate senator: José Márcio Tavares |
— | 290 | ||
2nd alternate senator: Carlos Guida |
Results
editPSC candidate Wilson Witzel secured 39 percent of the vote in the October 7.[16] His nearest rival, DEM candidate Eduardo Paes, secured 21% of the vote.[16] Both advanced to a second round runoff which was held on October 28. In the runoff, Witzel won the election after securing 59.87% of the vote to Paes' 40.13%[17]
Governor
editCandidate | Running mate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | ||||
Wilson Witzel | Cláudio Castro | PSC | 3,154,771 | 41.28 | 4,675,355 | 59.87 | |
Eduardo Paes | Comte Bittencourt (PPS) | DEM | 1,494,831 | 19.56 | 3,134,400 | 40.13 | |
Tarcísio Motta | Ivanete Silva | PSOL | 819,248 | 10.72 | |||
Romário Faria | Marcelo Delaroli (PR) | PODE | 664,511 | 8.70 | |||
Pedro Fernandes | Gláucio Julianelli (PSB) | PDT | 466,954 | 6.11 | |||
Indio da Costa | Zaqueu Teixeira | PSD | 454,928 | 5.95 | |||
Marcia Tiburi | Leonardo Giordano (PCdoB) | PT | 447,376 | 5.85 | |||
Marcelo Trindade | Carmen Migueles | NOVO | 86,820 | 1.14 | |||
Anthony Garotinho | Leide Duarte (PRB) | PRP | 84,187 | ||||
André Monteiro | Jonas Licurgo | PRTB | 35,327 | 0.46 | |||
Dayse Oliveira | Pedro Villas-Bôas | PSTU | 17,499 | 0.23 | |||
Luiz Eugênio | Joaquim Nogueira Neto | PCO | 2,863 | ||||
Total | 7,642,265 | 100.00 | 7,809,755 | 100.00 | |||
Valid votes | 7,642,265 | 79.93 | 7,809,755 | 82.94 | |||
Invalid votes | 1,379,451 | 14.43 | 1,259,983 | 13.38 | |||
Blank votes | 539,865 | 5.65 | 346,970 | 3.68 | |||
Total votes | 9,561,581 | 100.00 | 9,416,708 | 100.00 | |||
Registered voters/turnout | 12,401,199 | 77.10 | 12,401,199 | 75.93 | |||
PSC gain from PP |
Senator
editCandidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Flávio Bolsonaro | PSL | 4,380,418 | 31.36 | |
Arolde de Oliveira | PSD | 2,382,265 | 17.06 | |
Cesar Maia | DEM | 2,327,634 | 16.67 | |
Lindbergh Farias (incumbent) | PT | 1,419,676 | 10.17 | |
Chico Alencar | PSOL | 1,281,373 | 9.17 | |
Eduardo Lopes (incumbent) | PRB | 507,850 | 3.64 | |
Miro Teixeira | REDE | 430,893 | 3.09 | |
Everaldo Pereira | PSC | 360,688 | 2.58 | |
José Bonifácio | PDT | 313,265 | 2.24 | |
Aspásia Camargo | PSDB | 248,868 | 1.78 | |
Mattos Nascimento | PRTB | 173,968 | 1.25 | |
Marta Barçante | PCB | 52,734 | 0.38 | |
Cyro Garcia | PSTU | 45,588 | 0.33 | |
Gabrielle Burcci | PMB | 27,081 | 0.19 | |
Walter Cristie | PATRI | 23,803 | ||
Samantha Guedes | PSTU | 13,680 | 0.10 | |
Fernando Fagundes | PCO | 8,816 | ||
Total | 13,965,981 | 100.00 | ||
Valid votes | 13,965,981 | 73.58 | ||
Invalid votes | 3,326,409 | 17.52 | ||
Blank votes | 1,689,111 | 8.90 | ||
Total votes | 18,981,501 | 100.00 | ||
Registered voters/turnout | 12,401,199 | 153.06 | ||
PSL gain from PT | ||||
PSD gain from PRB |
Chamber of Deputies
editLegislative Assembly
editReferences
edit- ^ de Andrade, Hanrrikson (26 October 2014). "Pezão é reeleito, e PMDB emplaca terceiro mandato à frente do governo do RJ" (in Portuguese). Uol. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
- ^ Gomes Freire, Quintino (17 September 2017). "Governador do Espírito Santo pode ser candidato a governador do Rio" (in Portuguese). Diário do Rio. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
- ^ Gomes Freire, Quintino (16 July 2017). "Pesquisa mostra Crivella como favorito para governador em 2018" (in Portuguese). Diário do Rio. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
- ^ "Sérgio Besserman, irmão de Bussunda, pode ser candidato a governador do Rio" (in Portuguese). Diário do Rio. 22 September 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
- ^ Gomes Freire, Quintino (25 May 2017). "Omar Peres pode candidato a governador do Rio pelo PDT" (in Portuguese). Diário do Rio. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
- ^ Neves, Ernesto (12 October 2017). "A preferência do PDT para governador do Rio" (in Portuguese). Veja. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
- ^ Gomes Freire, Quintino (28 September 2017). "DEM pode ter Cesar Maia candidato ao governo e André Correa ao Senado" (in Portuguese). Diário do Rio. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
- ^ Gomes Freire, Quintino (31 October 2017). "Bernardinho assume que pode ser candidato a governador do Rio em 2018" (in Portuguese). Diário do Rio. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
- ^ "Por sonho de ingressar na política, Bandeira de Mello conversa com partidos sobre eleição ao Governo do Rio" (in Portuguese). Extra. 18 June 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
- ^ Gomes Freire, Quintino (21 May 2017). "Romário mudará para o PTN e PT já tem nome para governador do Rio" (in Portuguese). Diário do Rio. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
- ^ "Diretor do Viva Rio se filia ao PPS mirando governo do Rio". Folha de S.Paulo (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2018-04-09. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
- ^ "PMB - Partido da Mulher Brasileira". www.pmb.org.br (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2018-07-29. Retrieved 2018-07-28.
- ^ "PRP e PCdoB lançam seus candidatos ao governo do Rio" (in European Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2018-08-05. Retrieved 2018-08-05.
- ^ "Candidatos ao Senado pelo RJ nas eleições de 2018: veja quem são". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2018-08-08.
- ^ "Os candidatos do Rio de Janeiro ao Senado em 2018 – Diário do Rio de Janeiro". diariodorio.com (in Brazilian Portuguese). 8 August 2018. Retrieved 2018-08-12.
- ^ a b "Google Translate".
- ^ "Wilson Witzel, o ex-juiz que venceu a eleição de governador do Rio com discurso linha-dura". BBC News Brasil.