The Union Libérale Israélite de France (abbreviated as ULIF), commonly referred to as the rue Copernic synagogue, is a Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in the XVIe arrondissement of Paris, France. Inaugurated on 1 December 1907, it is the oldest Reform synagogue in France.
| Union Libérale Israélite de France | |
|---|---|
 The synagogue in 2010 | |
| Religion | |
| Affiliation | Reform Judaism |
| Ecclesiastical or organisational status | Synagogue |
| Ownership | Liberal Jewish Movement of France |
| Year consecrated | 1907 |
| Status | Active |
| Location | |
| Location | 24 rue Copernic, XVIe arrondissement, Paris |
| Country | France |
  Location of the synagogue in Paris | |
| Geographic coordinates | 48°52′10″N 2°17′20″E / 48.8694°N 2.2888°E |
| Architecture | |
| Architect(s) | Marcel Lemarié |
| Type | Synagogue architecture |
| Style | Art Deco |
| Founder | Louis Germain Lévy |
| Website | |
| copernic | |
History
editThe synagogue was founded in 1907 by Rabbi Louis Germain Lévy.
1941 attack
editThe night of October 2-3, 1941 the synagogue was attacked by the Mouvement Social Revolutionnaire. A bomb caused the partial destruction of the edifice of the building.[1] The synagogue was damaged in a Fascist riot in 1941, and was repaired after the war.[2]
1980 attack
editOn October 3, 1980, on the eve of Simchat Torah, a bombing was directed against the synagogue of the ULIF. A bomb hidden in a motorcycle went off outside the synagogue, killing four pedestrians.[3]
The bombing was the start of a string of other attacks by terrorists against Jews in Europe. In August 1981, a synagogue in Vienna, Austria, was attacked by Palestinian gunmen, killing two people, and in October 1981, three people were killed when a bomb went off in the center of Antwerp, Belgium.[4]
On September 23, 2019 it was announced that the Union Libérale Israélite de France and the Mouvement juif libéral de France would merge, creating an association called "Judaïsme en mouvement" (Judaism in Movement).[5]
Synagogue building
editThe original building, a painters studio located at 24 rue Copernic, was rented in 1907 and later bought in 1921.[6] In 1923-1924, having acquired the building, the community began construction on an actual synagogue, preserving the original oratory as a social hall for Kiddush. The new building was built in Art Deco style, a rare choice for the time.
The building was designed by Marcel Lemarié (1864-1941), architect and author of L’Architecture moderne et l’hygiène. Lemarié also designed the Palais de la Danse for the 1900 Paris Exhibition, the building that became the Belleville Pathé cinema, the Post Office at 93 boulevard du Montparnasse, the Luxor Cinema and the Château de Toussus-le-Noble, which is listed as a Monument historique.[7]
In 1968, the room was enlarged, following the acquisition of the neighboring building at 22 rue Copernic and the building was increased by two floors.
Leadership
editRabbi Louis Germain Levy (1870-1946) trained at the Seminaire Israelite de France served as its first rabbi.[8] Levy was succeeded by Rabbi Andre Chalom Zaoui (1916-2009) in 1946.[9] In 1970, Rabbi Daniel Farhi (1941-2021) was appointed the new senior rabbi and left ULIF in 1977 to create the second Reform synagogue of Paris, Mouvement Juif Liberal de France.[10] Rabbi Michael Williams assumed the spiritual leadership of the community in 1977.[11]
Since 2014, the rabbinic leaders have been Philippe Haddad, who was ordained by the Seminaire Israelite de France,[12] and Jonas Jacquelin, who was ordained by Abraham Geiger Kolleg.[13]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Desprairies, Cécile (2009). Voir. p. 95-96.
- ^ Herselle Krinsky, Carol (1985). Synagogues of Europe: Architecture, History, Meaning' (1996; Dover Publications ed.). Massachusetts Institute of Technology. p. 253.
- ^ "France". Jewish Virtual History Tour.
- ^ "Jewish Targets: Recent Attacks". The New York Times. September 7, 1985.
- ^ Chambraud, Cécile (September 23, 2019). "Deux communautés juives libérales se regroupent pour: porter une parole juive moderne". Le Monde (in French). Retrieved June 1, 2024.
- ^ Jarassé, Dominique (2003). Guide du patrimoine juif parisien, photographies de Sylvain Ageorges (in French). Paris: Parigramme. pp. 129–131.
- ^ "Monument historique: Château de Toussus-le-Noble" (PDF). Ministry of Culture (France). Retrieved June 1, 2024.
- ^ Edinger, Bernard (2008). "Europe Report: Flourishing in France". Reform Judaism. Archived from the original on October 7, 2013. Retrieved October 5, 2013.
- ^ Laura, Hobson Faure. Renaître sous les auspices américains et britanniques: le mouvement libéral juif en France après la Shoah (1944-1970). Vol. 40. p. 82. doi:10.3917/aj.402.0082. ISSN 0003-9837. OCLC 922948459.
- ^ "Décès du rabbin Daniel Farhi, fondateur du Mouvement juif libéral de France". The Times of Israel (in French). Retrieved April 21, 2023.
- ^ Allouche-Benayoun, Joëlle (2006). "Comment être juif croyant et moderne dans la France d'aujourd'hui ?". Sociétés (in French). 92 (2): 5. doi:10.3917/soc.092.05. ISSN 0765-3697.
- ^ Staff. "Le rabbin Philippe Haddad, lauréat du prix 2020 de l'Amitié judéo-chrétienne". The Times of Israel (in French). Retrieved April 21, 2023.
- ^ "L'ULIF a choisi Philippe Haddad et Jonas Jacquelin comme nouveaux rabbins". Crif - Conseil Représentatif des Institutions Juives de France (in French). September 8, 2014. Retrieved April 21, 2023.
External links
edit- Union Libérale Israélite de France (in French)