Ruzhany (Belarusian: Ружаны, romanized: Ružany;[a] Russian: Ружаны; Polish: Różana; Yiddish: ראָזשינאָי, romanized: Rozhinoy; also spelled Rozana or Ruzhana)[2] is an urban-type settlement in Pruzhany District, Brest Region, Belarus.[1] As of 2024, it has a population of 2,777.[1]
Ruzhany
Ружаны Różana ראָזשינאָי | |
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 Coat of arms | |
  Ruzhany Location within Belarus  Ruzhany Location within Europe | |
| Coordinates: 52°52′N 24°54′E / 52.867°N 24.900°E | |
| Country | Belarus |
| Region | Brest Region |
| District | Pruzhany District |
| First mentioned | 1552 |
| Population (2024)[1] | |
| • Total | 2,777 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK) |
Geography
editRuzhany is situated on the river Ruzhanka and surrounded by picturesque hills. It is located 140 kilometres (87 mi) away from Brest, 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Ivatsevichy (where the nearest railway station is located), and 45 kilometres (28 mi) north-east from Pruzhany, on the crossing of the roads from Pruzhany to Slonim and from Vawkavysk to Kosava.
History
edit
The earliest mentioning of Ruzhany dates back to 1552.[3] Following the First World War the town was part of Poland until September 1939, when it was occupied by the Soviet Union and incorporated into the Byelorussian SSR. From 23 June 1941 until 13 July 1944, Ruzhany was occupied by Nazi Germany and administered as a part of Bezirk Bialystok. Almost the entire pre-war population of 3,500 Jews were killed in the Holocaust, mostly at Treblinka extermination camp.[4]
On 19 September 1659, Yisrael ben Shalom and Tuvyah Bachrach were killed in Ruzhany on Rosh HaShana 5420, in the infamous blood libel.
Notable people
editSome notable past residents of Ruzhany include:
- The Sapieha family, influential Polish-Lithuanian aristocrats, who built a palace at Ruzhany (see below)
- I. M. Pines, writer and Zionist[5]
- Yitzhak Shamir, former Prime Minister of Israel
- Melech Epstein, American Yiddish language journalist
- Louis Leon Ribak, American artist
Notable sights
editPlaces of interest in Ruzhany include:
- Ruzhany Palace: a large and impressive but mostly ruined complex, now undergoing complete renovation
- Two large churches: Trinity Church (Catholic, dating from 1617)[6] and Saints Peter & Paul (Orthodox, built 1762–1788)[7]
- A small chapel named for Saint Casimir in the town cemetery
- An ancient Jewish graveyard[8] and a large ruined synagogue[9]
- A small German cemetery
Notes
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c "Численность населения на 1 января 2024 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2023 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа". belsat.gov.by. Archived from the original on 2 April 2024. Retrieved 13 October 2024.
- ^ "Ruzhany Belarus".
- ^ "History of Brest Region".
- ^ "Ruzhany".
- ^ "Пинес Иехиэль Михаэль".
- ^ "Адметныя мясціны і помнікі | Беларусь Літва Падляшша".
- ^ "Адметныя мясціны і помнікі | Беларусь Літва Падляшша".
- ^ "Адметныя мясціны і помнікі | Беларусь Літва Падляшша".
- ^ "Адметныя мясціны і помнікі | Беларусь Літва Падляшша".
External links
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- "All About Ruzhany" (Unofficial Ruzhany Site)
- Ruzhany at Radzima.org
- Webpage about Ruzhany's history and present (in Russian)
- Jewish Electronic Encyclopedia page on Ruzhany (in Russian)
- Ruzhany on KehilaLinks
- Ruzhany, Belarus at JewishGen
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