USS Anacostia (AO-94)

For other ships with the same name, see USS Anacostia.

USS Anacostia (AO-94) was a Escambia-class replenishment oiler acquired by the United States Navy for use during World War II. She had the dangerous but necessary task of providing fuel to vessels in combat and non-combat areas. She served in the Pacific Ocean Theater of operations late in the war, and returned home with one battle star.

Anacostia in the 1950s
History
United States
Name	USS Anacostia
Namesake	Anacostia River
Builder	Marinship, Sausalito, California
Laid down	16 July 1944
Launched	24 September 1944
Commissioned	25 February 1945
Decommissioned	16 April 1946
Stricken	8 May 1946
Acquired	28 February 1948
In service	18 July 1950, as USNS Anacostia (T-AO-94)
Out of service	December 1957
Stricken	17 December 1957
Honors and awards	1 battle star (World War II)
Fate	Transferred to MARAD, 1957. Sold in 1967.
History
Name	Penn Ranger (1967–73) Omnium Ranger (1973–78)
Owner	Penn Shipping Co Inc (1967–73) Omnium Transportation Co (1973–78)
Operator	Penn Shipping Co Inc (1967–73) Omnium Transportation Co (1973–78)
Port of registry	Wilmington, Delaware, United States (1967–73) Panama (1973–78)
Fate	Scrapped in 1978
General characteristics
Type	Escambia-class replenishment oiler
Displacement	5,782 long tons (5,875 t) light 21,880 long tons (22,231 t) full 14,177 GRT (1967–78)
Length	523 ft 6 in (159.56 m)
Beam	68 ft (21 m)
Draft	30 ft 10 in (9.40 m)
Propulsion	Turbo-electric, single screw, 8,000 shp (5,966 kW)
Speed	15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Capacity	140,000 barrels (22,000 m3)
Complement	267
Armament	1 × 5"/38 caliber dual purpose gun 4 × 3"/50 caliber guns 4 × twin 40 mm guns 4 × twin 20 mm guns

The ship was laid down under a Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 1829) on 16 July 1944 at Sausalito, California, by the Marinship Corp., as Mission Alamo. Renamed Anacostia (AO-94) on 24 July 1944, she was launched on 24 September 1944, sponsored by Mrs. Henry F. Bruns, the wife of Rear Admiral Bruns, and acquired by the Navy and placed in commission on 25 February 1945.

World War II Pacific Theatre operations

After a final fitting out period, the oiler left San Francisco Bay on 23 March 1945 and proceeded to San Diego, California, where she underwent three weeks of intensive shakedown training. Anacostia departed the U.S. West Coast on 27 April and set a course for Hawaii. She reached Pearl Harbor on 3 May and reported for duty to Service Squadron 8, Service Force, Pacific Fleet. Two days later, the vessel left Hawaiian waters and sailed to the Caroline Islands.

Upon her arrival at Ulithi on 16 May, Anacostia joined Task Group (TG) 50.8 and proceeded with that group to Okinawa. Early in June, the oiler arrived in a designated fueling area off Okinawa and replenished the bunkers of various ships. After completing this task, she sailed to Saipan to take on a cargo of gasoline to be distributed among forces there at Okinawa. During August and September, Anacostia made two more round-trips between Ulithi and Okinawa, taking on fuel at the former port and discharging it at the latter.

End-of-war operations

At the time of the Japanese capitulation on 15 August, Anacostia was in port in Ulithi. She moved on to Okinawa six days later and remained there through 25 October. The oiler then sailed to the Japanese home islands and touched at Kanoya on the 30th. She also visited the Japanese port of Kagoshima, Kyūshū. At each point, she acted as station tanker at U.S. Army air bases.

Anacostia got underway for the Philippines early in December and arrived at Manila shortly thereafter. She operated in Philippine waters for approximately two months before commencing another trip to Okinawa on 2 February 1946. From that island, she sailed for Pearl Harbor and reached Hawaiian waters on 7 March. The next day, she weighed anchor and shaped a course for the Gulf Coast via the Panama Canal. She transited the canal late in March and arrived at New Orleans, Louisiana, on 29 March.

Anacostia moved to Mobile, Alabama, on the 30th and began inactivation preparations there. She was decommissioned at Mobile on 16 April 1946 and was transferred by the Maritime Commission that same day. Her name was struck from the Navy List on 8 May 1946.

Assigned to Naval Transport Service

The vessel was reacquired on 28 February 1948 by the United States Naval Transport Service. During the next two years, Anacostia operated along the east coast of the United States; made numerous voyages through the Suez Canal to Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain to take on petroleum; visited ports in England and northern Germany; carried out several trips to Aruba to load up with petroleum; and paid calls to Japanese ports of Yokohama, Yokosuka, and Sasebo.

Assigned to MSTS

She was assigned to the Military Sea Transportation Service (MSTS) on 18 July 1950 and reported to Tankers Co. Inc., for operation under an MSTS contract, was redesignated USNS Anacostia (T-AO-94), and was run as a non-commissioned vessel manned by a civil service crew.

During the next seven years, Anacostia continued her service as an oiler. She made frequent trips to ports along the Texas gulf coast as well as to the Persian Gulf ports of Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia, and Bahrain to take on petroleum. Her cargoes were then delivered to facilities at ports in Japan, England, the Netherlands, and Germany. The oiler remained active until December 1957, when she reported to Norfolk, Virginia. She was then turned over to the Maritime Administration and laid up with the National Defense Reserve Fleet in the James River. Her name was struck from the Navy List on 17 December 1957.

Merchant service

Anacostia was sold to Penn Shipping Co Inc, Wilmington, Delaware in 1967 and converted to a 14,177 GRT bulk carrier with the bow section from Nautilus being fitted; her own bow section was scrapped. She was renamed Penn Ranger. She was sold to Omnium Transportation Co, Panama. in 1973 and was renamed Omnium Ranger. She was scrapped at Castellón de la Plana, Spain in 1978.

Awards

Anacostia earned one battle star for her World War II service

References

•  This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.

External links

• Photo gallery of USS Anacostia (AO-94) at NavSource Naval History