ꦱ is a syllabogram in Javanese script that represents the sounds /sɔ/ and /sa/. It is transliterated to Latin as "sa", and sometimes in Indonesian orthography as "so". It has another form (pasangan), which is ꧀ꦱ, but represented by a single Unicode code point, U+A9B1.[1][2][3]
| sa | |
|---|---|
 Aksara nglegena | |
 Aksara pasangan | |
| Javanese script | |
| Latin orthography | sa |
| Phoneme | [s] |
| Unicode | A9B1 |
Pasangan
editIts pasangan form ꧀ꦱ, is one of six pasangan that are placed on the right-hand side of the previous syllable. Therefore, it is permissible to write two pasangan at the same time without having to resort to pangkon (꧀).
The location of the sandhangan ꦶ, ꦼ, or ꦁ is on top the pasangan, not on the previous syllable. (See glyph table below)
Extended form
editThe letter ꦱ has a murda form, which is ꦯ.
Using cecak telu (ꦱ꦳), the syllable represents /ʃa/.
Mahaprana
editMahaprana letters were originally aspirated consonants used in Sanskrit and Kawi transliterations. However, there are no aspirated consonants in modern Javanese. The mahaprana form of ꦱ is ꦰ.
Glyphs
edit| Nglegena forms | Pasangan forms | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ꦱ sa | ꦱꦃ sah | ꦱꦁ sang | ꦱꦂ sar | ◌꧀ꦱ -sa | ◌꧀ꦱꦃ -sah | ◌꧀ꦱꦁ -sang | ◌꧀ꦱꦂ -sar |
| ꦱꦺ se | ꦱꦺꦃ seh | ꦱꦺꦁ seng | ꦱꦺꦂ ser | ◌꧀ꦱꦺ -se | ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦃ -seh | ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦁ -seng | ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦂ -ser |
| ꦱꦼ sê | ꦱꦼꦃ sêh | ꦱꦼꦁ sêng | ꦱꦼꦂ sêr | ◌꧀ꦱꦼ -sê | ◌꧀ꦱꦼꦃ -sêh | ◌꧀ꦱꦼꦁ -sêng | ◌꧀ꦱꦼꦂ -sêr |
| ꦱꦶ si | ꦱꦶꦃ sih | ꦱꦶꦁ sing | ꦱꦶꦂ sir | ◌꧀ꦱꦶ -si | ◌꧀ꦱꦶꦃ -sih | ◌꧀ꦱꦶꦁ -sing | ◌꧀ꦱꦶꦂ -sir |
| ꦱꦺꦴ so | ꦱꦺꦴꦃ soh | ꦱꦺꦴꦁ song | ꦱꦺꦴꦂ sor | ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦴ -so | ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦃ -soh | ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦁ -song | ◌꧀ꦱꦺꦴꦂ -sor |
| ꦱꦸ su | ꦱꦸꦃ suh | ꦱꦸꦁ sung | ꦱꦸꦂ sur | ◌꧀ꦱꦸ -su | ◌꧀ꦱꦸꦃ -suh | ◌꧀ꦱꦸꦁ -sung | ◌꧀ꦱꦸꦂ -sur |
| ꦱꦿ sra | ꦱꦿꦃ srah | ꦱꦿꦁ srang | ꦱꦿꦂ srar | ◌꧀ꦱꦿ -sra | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦃ -srah | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦁ -srang | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦂ -srar |
| ꦱꦿꦺ sre | ꦱꦿꦺꦃ sreh | ꦱꦿꦺꦁ sreng | ꦱꦿꦺꦂ srer | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺ -sre | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦃ -sreh | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦁ -sreng | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦂ -srer |
| ꦱꦽ srê | ꦱꦽꦃ srêh | ꦱꦽꦁ srêng | ꦱꦽꦂ srêr | ◌꧀ꦱꦽ -srê | ◌꧀ꦱꦽꦃ -srêh | ◌꧀ꦱꦽꦁ -srêng | ◌꧀ꦱꦽꦂ -srêr |
| ꦱꦿꦶ sri | ꦱꦿꦶꦃ srih | ꦱꦿꦶꦁ sring | ꦱꦿꦶꦂ srir | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦶ -sri | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦶꦃ -srih | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦶꦁ -sring | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦶꦂ -srir |
| ꦱꦿꦺꦴ sro | ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦃ sroh | ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦁ srong | ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦂ sror | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦴ -sro | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦃ -sroh | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦁ -srong | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦺꦴꦂ -sror |
| ꦱꦿꦸ sru | ꦱꦿꦸꦃ sruh | ꦱꦿꦸꦁ srung | ꦱꦿꦸꦂ srur | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦸ -sru | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦸꦃ -sruh | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦸꦁ -srung | ◌꧀ꦱꦿꦸꦂ -srur |
| ꦱꦾ sya | ꦱꦾꦃ syah | ꦱꦾꦁ syang | ꦱꦾꦂ syar | ◌꧀ꦱꦾ -sya | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦃ -syah | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦁ -syang | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦂ -syar |
| ꦱꦾꦺ sye | ꦱꦾꦺꦃ syeh | ꦱꦾꦺꦁ syeng | ꦱꦾꦺꦂ syer | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺ -sye | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦃ -syeh | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦁ -syeng | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦂ -syer |
| ꦱꦾꦼ syê | ꦱꦾꦼꦃ syêh | ꦱꦾꦼꦁ syêng | ꦱꦾꦼꦂ syêr | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦼ -syê | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦼꦃ -syêh | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦼꦁ -syêng | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦼꦂ -syêr |
| ꦱꦾꦶ syi | ꦱꦾꦶꦃ syih | ꦱꦾꦶꦁ sying | ꦱꦾꦶꦂ syir | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦶ -syi | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦶꦃ -syih | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦶꦁ -sying | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦶꦂ -syir |
| ꦱꦾꦺꦴ syo | ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦃ syoh | ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦁ syong | ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦂ syor | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦴ -syo | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦃ -syoh | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦁ -syong | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦺꦴꦂ -syor |
| ꦱꦾꦸ syu | ꦱꦾꦸꦃ syuh | ꦱꦾꦸꦁ syung | ꦱꦾꦸꦂ syur | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦸ -syu | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦸꦃ -syuh | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦸꦁ -syung | ◌꧀ꦱꦾꦸꦂ -syur |
| Nglegena forms | Pasangan forms | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ꦱ꦳ sya | ꦱ꦳ꦃ syah | ꦱ꦳ꦁ syang | ꦱ꦳ꦂ syar | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ -sya | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦃ -syah | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦁ -syang | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦂ -syar |
| ꦱ꦳ꦺ sye | ꦱ꦳ꦺꦃ syeh | ꦱ꦳ꦺꦁ syeng | ꦱ꦳ꦺꦂ syer | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺ -sye | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦃ -syeh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦁ -syeng | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦂ -syer |
| ꦱ꦳ꦼ syê | ꦱ꦳ꦼꦃ syêh | ꦱ꦳ꦼꦁ syêng | ꦱ꦳ꦼꦂ syêr | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦼ -syê | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦼꦃ -syêh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦼꦁ -syêng | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦼꦂ -syêr |
| ꦱ꦳ꦶ syi | ꦱ꦳ꦶꦃ syih | ꦱ꦳ꦶꦁ sying | ꦱ꦳ꦶꦂ syir | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦶ -syi | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦶꦃ -syih | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦶꦁ -sying | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦶꦂ -syir |
| ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴ syo | ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ syoh | ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ syong | ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ syor | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴ -syo | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦃ -syoh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦁ -syong | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦺꦴꦂ -syor |
| ꦱ꦳ꦸ syu | ꦱ꦳ꦸꦃ syuh | ꦱ꦳ꦸꦁ syung | ꦱ꦳ꦸꦂ syur | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦸ -syu | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦸꦃ -syuh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦸꦁ -syung | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦸꦂ -syur |
| ꦱ꦳ꦿ syra | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦃ syrah | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦁ syrang | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦂ syrar | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿ -syra | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦃ -syrah | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦁ -syrang | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦂ -syrar |
| ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺ syre | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ syreh | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ syreng | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ syrer | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺ -syre | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦃ -syreh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦁ -syreng | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦂ -syrer |
| ꦱ꦳ꦽ syrê | ꦱ꦳ꦽꦃ syrêh | ꦱ꦳ꦽꦁ syrêng | ꦱ꦳ꦽꦂ syrêr | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦽ -syrê | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦽꦃ -syrêh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦽꦁ -syrêng | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦽꦂ -syrêr |
| ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶ syri | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ syrih | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ syring | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ syrir | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶ -syri | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦃ -syrih | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦁ -syring | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦶꦂ -syrir |
| ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ syro | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ syroh | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ syrong | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ syror | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴ -syro | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦃ -syroh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦁ -syrong | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦺꦴꦂ -syror |
| ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸ syru | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ syruh | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ syrung | ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ syrur | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸ -syru | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦃ -syruh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦁ -syrung | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦿꦸꦂ -syrur |
| ꦱ꦳ꦾ syya | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦃ syyah | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦁ syyang | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦂ syyar | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾ -syya | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦃ -syyah | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦁ -syyang | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦂ -syyar |
| ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺ syye | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ syyeh | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ syyeng | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ syyer | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺ -syye | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦃ -syyeh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦁ -syyeng | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦂ -syyer |
| ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼ syyê | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ syyêh | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ syyêng | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ syyêr | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼ -syyê | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦃ -syyêh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦁ -syyêng | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦼꦂ -syyêr |
| ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶ syyi | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ syyih | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ syying | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ syyir | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶ -syyi | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦃ -syyih | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦁ -syying | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦶꦂ -syyir |
| ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ syyo | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ syyoh | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ syyong | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ syyor | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴ -syyo | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦃ -syyoh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦁ -syyong | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦺꦴꦂ -syyor |
| ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸ syyu | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ syyuh | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ syyung | ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ syyur | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸ -syyu | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦃ -syyuh | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦁ -syyung | ◌꧀ꦱ꦳ꦾꦸꦂ -syyur |
Unicode block
editJavanese script was added to the Unicode Standard in October, 2009 with the release of version 5.2.
| Javanese[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+A98x | ꦀ | ꦁ | ꦂ | ꦃ | ꦄ | ꦅ | ꦆ | ꦇ | ꦈ | ꦉ | ꦊ | ꦋ | ꦌ | ꦍ | ꦎ | ꦏ |
| U+A99x | ꦐ | ꦑ | ꦒ | ꦓ | ꦔ | ꦕ | ꦖ | ꦗ | ꦘ | ꦙ | ꦚ | ꦛ | ꦜ | ꦝ | ꦞ | ꦟ |
| U+A9Ax | ꦠ | ꦡ | ꦢ | ꦣ | ꦤ | ꦥ | ꦦ | ꦧ | ꦨ | ꦩ | ꦪ | ꦫ | ꦬ | ꦭ | ꦮ | ꦯ |
| U+A9Bx | ꦰ | ꦱ | ꦲ | ꦳ | ꦴ | ꦵ | ꦶ | ꦷ | ꦸ | ꦹ | ꦺ | ꦻ | ꦼ | ꦽ | ꦾ | ꦿ |
| U+A9Cx | ꧀ | ꧁ | ꧂ | ꧃ | ꧄ | ꧅ | ꧆ | ꧇ | ꧈ | ꧉ | ꧊ | ꧋ | ꧌ | ꧍ | ꧏ | |
| U+A9Dx | ꧐ | ꧑ | ꧒ | ꧓ | ꧔ | ꧕ | ꧖ | ꧗ | ꧘ | ꧙ | ꧞ | ꧟ | ||||
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||
References
edit- ^ Campbell, George L. Compendium of the World's Languages. Vol. 1. New York: Routledge, 2000.
- ^ Soemarmo, Marmo. "Javanese Script." Ohio Working Papers in Linguistics and Language Teaching 14.Winter (1995): 69-103.
- ^ Daniels, Peter T and William Bright. The World's Writing Systems. Ed. Peter T Daniels and William Bright. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.