Sabich or sabih (Hebrew: סביח [saˈbiχ]; Judeo-Iraqi Arabic: صبيح) is a sandwich of pita or laffa bread stuffed with fried eggplants, hard-boiled eggs, chopped salad, parsley, amba and tahini sauce. It is a staple of Israeli cuisine and was created by Iraqi Jews in Israel in the 1960s.
 | |
| Course | Sandwich, street food |
|---|---|
| Associated cuisine | Israeli cuisine |
| Main ingredients | Traditionally laffa, although pita is often used, eggplant, hard boiled eggs, salad, amba, parsley, tahini sauce, and hummus |
| Ingredients generally used | Potato, onion, and zhug |
Its ingredients are based on a traditional quick breakfast of Iraqi Jews; while in Iraq, the ingredients were served separately, the modern sabich, where all of them are eaten together in a sandwich, was created in Israel, where it is sold in many businesses.
Etymology
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There are several theories on the origin of the name Sabich. Many attribute the name to the sandwich's creator, Sabich Tzvi Halabi, who was born in Baghdad in 1938 and immigrated in the early 1950s.[1][2][3] The name Sabich means "morning", which may be a reference to the fact the ingredients are those of a typical shabbat breakfast among Iraqi Jews.[4]
Popular folk legend attributes the name to an acronym of the Hebrew words "Salat, Beitsa, Ḥatsilim" סלט ביצה יותר חציל, meaning "salad, egg, eggplant".[3][5] This is probably a humorous interpretation and hence a backronym.[5]
History
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Halabi bought a kiosk across the street from the last stop of the Number 63 bus on Uziel Street in Ramat Gan in the early 1960s. Local workers wanted something more substantial than the bourekas the kiosk was currently selling, and Halabi and his wife created a sandwich based on an Iraqi traditional shabbat breakfast of eggs, tebit, chamin, fried eggplant, and salad.[6][7] Eggplant is a year-round crop in Israel, and eggs were available during the period of austerity in Israel, so both ingredients had long been in common use in the early 1960s.[5]
In Israel, the sandwich became a popular street food. Halabi took on a partner, Yaakov Sasson, and in the early 1980s moved the operation to Negba street, where as of 2017 it was still in operation.[3][6] The dish is served throughout Israel.[6][3] It is not well-known outside of Israel.[5]
In 2020 the mayor of Ramat Gan announced the Nagba Uziel intersection would be named Sabich Square.[8]
Ingredients and description
editSabich typically includes fried eggplant slices, a cucumber-and-tomato salad, amba, and haminados eggs, which are slow-cooked in hamin until they turn brown.[6] Some versions include potatoes, pickles, a tahini sauce, hummus, or other condiments.[1][3][5][9] It is commonly served in pita bread or wrapped in laffa, an Iraqi flatbread.[1]
Daniel Gritzer, writing for Serious Eats, describes the sandwich as "it's drippy, it's messy, it's shamelessly moist and flavorful. There are creamy swaths, and squishy bits, and crunchy chunks, and tart bursts".[9]
A version without the bread or pita is called Sabich salad ("סלט סביח" - "Salat Sabich" in Hebrew).
Importance in Israeli cuisine
editAccording to Ronit Vered, writing in Haaretz, the sandwich became "an integral part of the limited canon of Israeli cuisine". Tami Shem-Tov wrote Saba Sabich (Grandpa Sabich), a children's picture book published in 2017 by Kinneret Zmora-Bitan in Hebrew, which according to Yahil Zaban of Tel Aviv University details how the sandwich became "a symbol of the new Israeli culture".[6][10]
According to Janna Gur, the sandwich is "the first street snack that sprang from a Jewish culinary tradition" in Israeli cuisine and was more popular in Israel than falafel.[7]
Gallery
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See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c "When Your Father Shares a Name with a National Dish". Jewish Food Society. Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
- ^ Gerti, Yael (12 November 2006). "There is nothing like Amba: the Sabih guide - from Dan to Eilat". YNET. Archived from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2012.
- ^ a b c d e Ungerleider, Neal (1 April 2011). "Hybrid Power: The Iraqi-Israeli Sabich". Saveur. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011.
- ^ Shemtov, Michael; Tracy, Stewart (4 May 2023). "Sabich Sandwiches". Food & Wine. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
- ^ a b c d e Ben Zion, Ilan (31 January 2018). "No 'Cultural Genocide' Here: An Israeli Sandwich Stays Out Of Hummus Wars". The Forward. Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2020.
- ^ a b c d e Vered, Ronit (22 December 2017). "The Story Behind an Iconic Israeli Street Food: The Sabich". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 28 June 2024. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
- ^ a b "Tales of a wandering chickpea". The Santa Fe New Mexican. Archived from the original on 30 June 2012. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
- ^ Sahar, Reut (25 July 2020). "Ramat Gan pays homage to Sabich". Food Walla.
- ^ a b Gritzer, Daniel (13 March 2024). "This Sabich Recipe Is Equal Parts Crispy, Creamy, Saucy, and Tangy". Serious Eats. Retrieved 12 November 2024.
- ^ "סַבָּא סַבִּיח = Sabba Sabich | WorldCat.org". WorldCat. Retrieved 12 November 2024.