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St. Croix County, Wisconsin

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St. Croix County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 93,536.[1] Its county seat is Hudson.[2] The county was created in 1840 (then in the Wisconsin Territory) and organized in 1849.[3] St. Croix County is part of the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metropolitan Statistical Area. Between 2000 and 2010, it was the fastest-growing county in Wisconsin.[4]

Saint Croix County
County
Old St. Croix County Courthouse
Old St. Croix County Courthouse
Map of Wisconsin highlighting Saint Croix County
Location within the U.S. state of Wisconsin
Map of the United States highlighting Wisconsin
Wisconsin's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 45°02′N 92°27′W / 45.04°N 92.45°W / 45.04; -92.45
Country United States
State Wisconsin
Founded1849
Named forSt. Croix River
SeatHudson
Largest cityHudson
Area
 • Total
736 sq mi (1,910 km2)
 • Land722 sq mi (1,870 km2)
 • Water13 sq mi (30 km2)  1.8%
Population
 (2020)[1]
 • Total
93,536
 • Estimate 
(2023)
96,763 Increase
 • Density129.5/sq mi (50.0/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district7th
Websitewww.sccwi.gov
Soils of St. Croix County
Soils of Willow River State Park area

History

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St. Croix County of 1840 and today

St. Croix County was created on August 3, 1840[5] by the legislature of the Wisconsin Territory. It was named after the river on its western border.[6] Sources vary on the origin of the name; the St. Croix River may have been named after Monsieur St. Croix, an explorer who drowned at the mouth of the river late in the seventeenth century. Another account credits Father Hennepin with giving this region the French name Ste Croix (Holy Cross) because of the burial markers located at the mouth of the river.[7]

La Pointe County (now extinct, see Bayfield County) was created from the northern portions of Wisconsin Territory's St. Croix County on February 19, 1845.[8] When Wisconsin was admitted into the union as a state on May 29, 1848, the territorial St. Croix County was further divided, with the territory from the Mississippi River to the current border of Minnesota continuing as de facto Wisconsin Territory until on March 3, 1849,[9][10][11] it and unorganized federal territory lying north of Iowa were used in the creation of the Minnesota Territory.[12] Itasca, Washington, Ramsey and Benton Counties were created by the Minnesota Territory on October 27, 1849[13] from the de facto Wisconsin Territory that had been separated from the Wisconsin Territory's La Pointe County.

The part of St. Croix County allocated to Wisconsin became the parental county to Pierce and Polk Counties, and formed significant portions of Dunn, Barron, Washburn and Burnett Counties.

On June 12, 1899, a deadly F5 tornado struck New Richmond. The tornado's damage path was 400 yards (370 m) wide and 46 miles (74 km) long. The tornado formed on the banks of the St. Croix River, south of Hudson. Moving to the northeast across St. Croix County, the tornado passed through the villages of Burkhardt and Boardman before striking New Richmond head on leveling the entire business district and half the town's residences. The storm continued on towards the northeast, narrowly missing the town of Deer Park before crossing into Polk County, where it again narrowly missed the towns of Clear Lake, Richardson and Clayton. Once the tornado passed into Barron County, it struck the village of Arland (No reported fatalities or serious injuries) before breaking up southwest of Barron. The tornado killed 117 people (Four at Boardman, two in Polk County and the rest at New Richmond), including at least 20 people who died from their injuries in the days after the storm. Largely in thanks to state aid and donations, most of the town was rebuilt by the following winter. Today, the tornado stands as the deadliest ever recorded in Wisconsin and the 9th deadliest tornado in U.S. history.

Geography

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According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 736 square miles (1,910 km2), of which 722 square miles (1,870 km2) is land and 13 square miles (34 km2) (1.8%) is water.[14]

Major highways

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Railroads

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Buses

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Airport

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New Richmond Regional Airport (KRNH) serves the county and surrounding communities.

National protected area

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Adjacent counties

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1840809—
1850624−22.9%
18605,392764.1%
187011,035104.7%
188018,95671.8%
189023,13922.1%
190026,83016.0%
191025,910−3.4%
192026,1060.8%
193025,455−2.5%
194024,842−2.4%
195025,9054.3%
196029,16412.6%
197034,35417.8%
198043,26225.9%
199050,25116.2%
200063,15525.7%
201084,34533.6%
202093,53610.9%
U.S. Decennial Census[15]
1790–1960[16] 1900–1990[17]
1990–2000[18] 2010–2020[19]

2020 census

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As of the census of 2020,[1] the population was 93,536. The population density was 129.5 people per square mile (50.0 people/km2). There were 37,369 housing units at an average density of 51.7 units per square mile (20.0 units/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 92.2% White, 1.1% Asian, 0.7% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 1.1% from other races, and 4.5% from two or more races. Ethnically, the population was 2.9% Hispanic or Latino of any race.

 
2000 Census Age Pyramid for St. Croix County.

2000 census

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As of the census[21] of 2000, there were 63,155 people, 23,410 households, and 16,948 families residing in the county. The population density was 88 people per square mile (34 people/km2). There were 24,265 housing units at an average density of 34 units per square mile (13 units/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 97.85% White, 0.28% Black or African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.62% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.22% from other races, and 0.76% from two or more races. 0.76% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 34.4% were of German, 19.3% Norwegian, 8.2% Irish and 5.4% Swedish ancestry.

There were 23,410 households, out of which 38.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.60% were married couples living together, and 27.60% were non-families. 21.20% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.12.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 27.90% under the age of 18, 8.20% from 18 to 24, 32.20% from 25 to 44, 21.90% from 45 to 64, and 9.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 100.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.50 males.

In 2017, there were 988 births, giving a general fertility rate of 59.0 births per 1000 women aged 15–44, the 25th lowest rate out of all 72 Wisconsin counties.[22][23]

Communities

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The sign for St. Croix County on US63

Cities

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Villages

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Towns

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Census-designated places

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Unincorporated communities

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Politics

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United States presidential election results for St. Croix County, Wisconsin[24][25]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2024 35,537 58.60% 23,870 39.36% 1,235 2.04%
2020 32,199 56.78% 23,190 40.89% 1,318 2.32%
2016 26,222 55.19% 17,482 36.80% 3,804 8.01%
2012 25,503 55.17% 19,910 43.07% 812 1.76%
2008 22,837 50.95% 21,177 47.25% 807 1.80%
2004 22,679 54.21% 18,784 44.90% 372 0.89%
2000 15,240 50.88% 13,077 43.66% 1,637 5.47%
1996 8,253 35.55% 11,384 49.04% 3,576 15.41%
1992 8,114 31.60% 10,281 40.04% 7,281 28.36%
1988 9,960 46.25% 11,392 52.90% 181 0.84%
1984 11,367 52.54% 10,127 46.81% 141 0.65%
1980 9,265 42.56% 10,203 46.87% 2,299 10.56%
1976 7,685 41.16% 10,601 56.77% 386 2.07%
1972 8,553 52.50% 7,488 45.96% 250 1.53%
1968 6,595 46.61% 6,807 48.11% 746 5.27%
1964 4,565 33.92% 8,864 65.86% 29 0.22%
1960 7,113 52.77% 6,341 47.05% 24 0.18%
1956 6,956 55.72% 5,499 44.05% 29 0.23%
1952 7,607 59.78% 5,094 40.03% 25 0.20%
1948 4,326 40.43% 6,173 57.69% 202 1.89%
1944 5,660 53.01% 4,930 46.17% 88 0.82%
1940 6,857 57.74% 4,898 41.24% 121 1.02%
1936 4,316 38.47% 4,679 41.71% 2,223 19.82%
1932 4,059 37.94% 6,374 59.58% 265 2.48%
1928 6,855 62.17% 4,083 37.03% 88 0.80%
1924 3,600 39.68% 718 7.91% 4,755 52.41%
1920 5,601 73.34% 1,638 21.45% 398 5.21%
1916 2,731 51.09% 2,352 44.00% 262 4.90%
1912 1,728 37.18% 1,806 38.86% 1,114 23.97%
1908 3,228 62.29% 1,773 34.21% 181 3.49%
1904 3,898 68.33% 1,569 27.50% 238 4.17%
1900 3,368 58.98% 2,076 36.36% 266 4.66%
1896 3,462 56.38% 2,475 40.31% 203 3.31%
1892 2,467 47.04% 2,220 42.33% 557 10.62%

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "2020 Decennial Census: St. Croix County, Wisconsin". data.census.gov. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved July 5, 2022.
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ "Wisconsin: Individual County Chronologies". Wisconsin Atlas of Historical County Boundaries. The Newberry Library. 2007. Archived from the original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved August 15, 2015.
  4. ^ "Urban areas siphon Wisconsin's rural residents - USATODAY.com". USATODAY.COM. Retrieved August 14, 2018.
  5. ^ Laws of the Territory of Wisconsin. Belmont and Milwaukee, 1836–1848. no. 20, sec. 1/pp. 25-6
  6. ^ "Winnebago Took Its Name from an Indian Tribe". The Post-Crescent. December 28, 1963. p. 14. Retrieved August 25, 2014 – via Newspapers.com.  
  7. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 26, 2011. Retrieved August 19, 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) History of St. Croix County
  8. ^ Laws of the Territory of Wisconsin. Belmont and Milwaukee, 1836–1848. 1845 pp. 52-3
  9. ^ Statutes at Large of the United States of America, 1789–1873. 17 vols. Boston: Little, Brown, 1845–1874. vol. 9, ch. 89 [1846]/pp. 56-58
  10. ^ Statutes at Large of the United States of America, 1789–1873. 17 vols. Boston: Little, Brown, 1845–1874. vol. 9, ch. 50 [1848]/pp. 233-235
  11. ^ Van Zandt, Franklin K. Boundaries of the United States and the Several States. Geological Survey Professional Paper 909. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1976. pp. 128-130
  12. ^ Statutes at Large of the United States of America, 1789–1873. 17 vols. Boston: Little, Brown, 1845–1874.vol. 9, ch. 121 [1849]/pp. 403-9
  13. ^ Session Laws of the Territory of Minnesota. St. Paul, 1850-1857. [1849] ch. 5, secs. 2-5, 7-9, 19-20/pp. 7-9
  14. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  15. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  16. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  17. ^ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  18. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  19. ^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 23, 2014.
  20. ^ "County Population Totals: 2010-2020". Retrieved June 20, 2021.
  21. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
  22. ^ "Annual Wisconsin Birth and Infant Mortality Report, 2017 P-01161-19 (June 2019): Detailed Tables". Archived from the original on June 19, 2019. Retrieved June 20, 2019.
  23. ^ Office of Health Informatics, Division of Public Health, Wisconsin Department of Health Services. Section: Trend Information, 2013–2017, Table 18, pages 17-18
  24. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved November 9, 2020.
  25. ^ https://www.sccwi.gov/DocumentCenter/View/9541/Summary-Statement-of-the-St-Croix-County-Board-of-Canvassers---Federal-State-and-Referendum

Further reading

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45°02′N 92°27′W / 45.04°N 92.45°W / 45.04; -92.45

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