Felix of Valois, OSsT (French: Félix de Valois; (April 16, 1127 – November 4, 1212) was a French Catholic former Cistercian hermit and a co-founder (with John of Matha) of the Trinitarian Order.[2]
Saint Felix of Valois | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | April 16, 1127 possibly Valois, France |
| Died | November 4, 1212 (aged 85) Monastery of Cerfroid, Brumetz, Picardy (now the department of Aisne), France |
| Venerated in | Catholic Church |
| Canonized | May 1, 1262, Rome by Pope Urban IV |
| Major shrine | Monastery of Cerfroid, Brumetz, Department of Aisne, France |
| Feast | November 4 November 20 (General Roman Calendar 1679-1969) |
| Attributes | white stag with a cross between his horns[1] |
Life
editButler says that Felix was born in 1127.[3] He was surnamed Valois because he was a native of the province of Valois. Tradition holds that he renounced his possessions and retired to a dense forest in the Diocese of Meaux, where he gave himself to prayer and contemplation.[4] Much later sources sometimes identify him with Hugh (II), supposed son of Ralph I, Count of Vermandois by Eleanor of Champagne.
John of Matha, a young nobleman, a native of Provence, and doctor of divinity, who was later ordained priest, having heard of the holy hermit of Cerfroid, sought him out, and put himself under his direction.[3] John proposed to him the project of founding an order for the redemption of captives.[5] Felix, though seventy years of age, readily agreed.
The Trinitarians
editFelix and John set out for Rome in the depth of winter and arrived there in January 1198, the beginning of the pontificate of Innocent III. They had letters of recommendation from the Bishop of Paris, and the new pope received them with kindness and lodged them in his palace. Though little in favor of new orders, Innocent III granted approval to this enterprise in a Bull of 17 December 1198,[6] under the named of the Order of the Holy Trinity for the Redemption of Captives. Innocent appointed John of Matha superior-general and commissioned the Bishop of Paris and the Abbot of Saint Victor to draw up for the institute a rule, which he subsequently confirmed.[3] Felix returned to France to establish the Order. He was received with great enthusiasm, and King Philip Augustus authorized the institute in France and fostered it by signal benefactions.[5]
Margaret of Blois donated 20 acres (81,000 m2) of the wood where Felix had built his first hermitage, and on almost the same spot he erected the famous Monastery of Brumetz, the motherhouse of the Order. Within forty years, the Order possessed six hundred monasteries in every part of Europe. John was obliged to go to Rome to found a house of the Order, the church of which, Santa Maria in Navicella, still stands on the Caelian Hill. Felix remained in France to look after the interests of the congregation. He founded a house in Paris attached to the Church of Saint Maturinus, which afterwards became famous under Robert Guguin, master general of the order.[5]
Felix died amongst his fellow Trinitarians at their motherhouse in Cerfroid on November 4, 1212.[3]
Veneration
editThough no bull of his canonization is extant, it is the tradition of his institute that he was canonized by Pope Urban IV on May 1, 1262. Du Plessis tells us that his feast was kept in the Diocese of Meaux as early as the year 1215. On October 21, 1666, Pope Alexander VII confirmed his status as a saint because of his immemorial cult.[7] In 1679 Felix's feast was transferred to November 20 by Pope Innocent XI, where it was placed in the General Roman Calendar because, since 1613, November 4 was the feast day of Charles Borromeo[8] In 1969, his feast was restored to November 4, his dies natalis.[9]
Legacy
editSaint-Felix-de-Valois is a village in the province of Quebec. St. Felix de Valois Parish is located in Bankstown, Australia.[10] St. Felix Church in Clifton Springs, New York is named after him. It is now part of Saint Peter's Roman Catholic Parish in the Diocese of Rochester, New York. The current church building was built in 1895 and the name of the parish was changed at that time from St. Agnes to St. Felix by the pastor Felix O'Hanlon. The [11]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ Husenbeth, Frederick Charles. Emblems of Saints: By which They are Distinguished in Works of Art, Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts, 1860, p. 64
- ^ "Saint Felix of Valois - Saint of the Day - November 4 -". 9 June 2019.
- ^ a b c d "Butler, Rev. Alban, "Saint Felix of Valois, Confessor", Lives of the Saints, Volume XI, 1886". Bartleby.com. Retrieved 2013-10-20.
- ^ ""About the Trinitarians", The Trinitarians". Archived from the original on 2019-02-03. Retrieved 2013-04-27.
- ^ a b c "O'Kane, Michael. "St. Felix of Valois." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 6. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. 22 Feb. 2013". Newadvent.org. 1909-09-01. Retrieved 2013-10-20.
- ^ "Moeller, Charles. "Order of Trinitarians." The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 15. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 22 Feb. 2013". Newadvent.org. 1912-10-01. Retrieved 2013-10-20.
- ^ "Patron Saints Index: "Saint Felix of Valois"". Saints.sqpn.com. Archived from the original on 2013-10-21. Retrieved 2013-10-20.
- ^ "Calendarium Romanum" (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969), p. 146
- ^ "Martyrologium Romanum" (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2001 ISBN 88-209-7210-7)
- ^ "St. Felix de Valois Parish, Bankstown, Australia". Archived from the original on 2013-05-03. Retrieved 2013-05-26.
- ^ "St. Felix Catholic Center, Huntington, Indiana". Archived from the original on 2017-02-04. Retrieved 2017-02-12.
External links
edit
- The Trinitarians Archived 2019-02-03 at the Wayback Machine
- Catholic Online - Saints & Angels: St. Felix of Valois
- Summary of the Trinitarian Fathers (in French)