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Saint Firmina is a Roman Catholic Italian saint and virgin martyr. She is the patroness saint of Civitavecchia, and Amelia Cathedral is dedicated to her.
Firmina | |
|---|---|
.JPG) Statue of Santa Fermina in St. Francis of Assisi Cathedral in Civitavecchia | |
| Martyr | |
| Died | 3rd century |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Major shrine | Amelia Cathedral |
| Feast | 24 November; 20 December (translation, in Civitavecchia) |
| Attributes | palm frond |
| Patronage | Amelia, Italy; Civitavecchia, Italy |
Legend
editShe is said to have lived in the 3rd century and to have suffered martyrdom during the persecution of Diocletian,[1] but all information about her comes from a vita written not earlier than the 6th century. Later oral tradition has supplemented this with sometimes conflicting detail.
The simplest version of her legend is that she belonged to a family of high status: her father Calpurnius was prefect of the city of Rome (praefectus Urbis). Olympiadis, a high official, attempted to seduce her but was converted by her to the Christian faith, for which he was martyred. She then left her family to devote herself to prayer in seclusion, near the city of Amelia in Umbria, where she suffered martyrdom during the persecution of Diocletian and was buried.[2]
Other versions claim that she was martyred and buried in Civitavecchia.
Many miracles are attributed to her, one of which occurred during a sea passage to Centumcellae, the present Civitavecchia, when a sudden violent storm was calmed by her miraculous intervention. Firmina is said to have lived for a time in a grotto near the port, over which was later built the Forte Michelangelo.
She is often linked with two other virgin martyrs of Umbria, Saints Felicissima and Illuminata. It has been suggested[3] that all three are local cults of a single saint, the African martyr Firmina commemorated in the Martyrologium Hieronymianum on 9 and 10 October.
Cult
editFirmina's burial in Amelia is celebrated on 24 November, but her burial in Civitavecchia on 20 December. Her emblem is the palm frond.
In Civitavecchia a procession in her honour is held on neither of the above dates but on 28 April. Her statue is carried down to the harbour and put on board a ship which takes it to the site of the ancient lighthouse, while the other ships and fishing boats sound their horns in celebration.
Notes
editSources and external links
edit- Santiebeati: Firmina (in Italian)
