The Samahang Demokratiko ng Kabataan (Association of Democratic Youth),[6][7] better known simply by its acronym, SDK,[8] was a mass organization of student and youth activists who pushed for the ideology of National Democracy in the Philippines during the Marcos dictatorship.[7][9] Initially established on January 30, 1968 by activists who broke away from the Kabataang Makabayan (KM), it eventually reconciled with KM under the multi-sectoral Movement for a Democratic Philippines (MDP) in the common effort to fight the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos. Declared illegal along with any other political organizations when Marcos declared Martial Law in September 1972, it was eventually dissolved in 1975 as the socialist-led resistance to Marcos' martial law administration shifted its tactics away from mass youth organizations.[10][11]
| Samahang Demokratiko ng Kabataan | |
|---|---|
| Leader | Sixto Carlos[1] |
| Chairman | Reynaldo Vea[2] |
| Vice-Chairman | Jerry Araos[2] |
| Secretary General | Antonio Hilario[2] |
| Founded | January 30, 1968 |
| Split from | Kabataang Makabayan |
| Dissolved | 1975 |
| Ideology | Maoism[3] National democracy Libertarian socialism (until 1970)[4] Factions: Anarchism (SDKM)[5] |
The reasons for SDK breaking away from KM in 1968 centered on a greater emphasis on member education, and allowing members to show more initiative. As a result, it attracted many writers and artists among its ranks.[10][12] Aside from the warm bodies the organization brought to the beleaguered anti-Marcos movement, SDK's made major contributions to the National Democracy movement, and ultimately the Philippines' Socialist Movement, through well-written papers on revolutionary theory, including “The University as a Base of the Cultural Revolution,” “The Orientation of the Filipino Youth Movement,” and "Hinggil sa Legal na Pakikibaka" ("On The Legal Struggle").[6] It was because of the influence of "Hinggil sa Legal na Pakikibaka" that the early mass organizations of the National Democracy movement, including KM and SDK, were eventually dissolved in mid-1975, as the movement decided to focus instead on other organizational forms.[10]
With the successful ouster of Ferdinand Marcos, many former members of the SDK eventually chose to serve in various ways in Philippine Government and society, with some retaining their advocacy of National Democracy, while others have moved away from that ideology.[10][13]
References
edit- ^ Scalice, Joseph Paul (2017). Crisis of Revolutionary Leadership: Martial Law and the Communist Parties of the Philippines, 1959–1974 (PhD). Berkeley: University of California. p. 549. OCLC 1020063177. ProQuest 2013331406.
- ^ a b c Santos, Soliman M.; Santos, Paz Verdades M. (2008). SDK: Militant but Groovy: Stories of Samahang Demokratiko ng Kabataan. Manila: Anvil. p. 14. ISBN 9789712720291. OCLC 943946203.
- ^ Scalice, Joseph Paul (2017). Crisis of Revolutionary Leadership: Martial Law and the Communist Parties of the Philippines, 1959–1974 (PhD). Berkeley: University of California. p. 343. OCLC 1020063177. ProQuest 2013331406.
- ^ Scalice, Joseph Paul (2017). Crisis of Revolutionary Leadership: Martial Law and the Communist Parties of the Philippines, 1959–1974 (PhD). Berkeley: University of California. pp. 343–344, 347. OCLC 1020063177. ProQuest 2013331406.
- ^ Santos, Soliman M.; Santos, Paz Verdades M. (2008). SDK: Militant but Groovy: Stories of Samahang Demokratiko ng Kabataan. Manila: Anvil. p. 76. ISBN 9789712720291. OCLC 943946203.
- ^ a b ABINALES, Patricio Nunez. (2008) Fragments of History, Silhouettes of Resurgence : Student Radicalism in the Early Years of the Marcos Dictatorship. Southeast Asian Studies Vol. 46 No. 2. Pages: 175-199 DOI 10.20495/tak.46.2_175
- ^ a b "A History of Philippine Political Protest." Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/edsa/the-ph-protest-appendix/
- ^ Quimpo, Susan F., Quimpo, Nathan Gilbert., and Vicente L. Rafael,. "Subversive Lives: A Family Memoir of the Marcos Years, Subversive Lives." Ohio University Press. ISBN 9780896804951
- ^ Santos, Soliman M. Jr. and Santos, Paz Verdades M., (2008) "Militant but groovy: stories of Samahang Demokratiko ng Kabataan" Anvil Publishing. ISBN 9789712720291
- ^ a b c d "Samahang Demokratiko ng Kabataan: Some basic information - Europe Solidaire Sans Frontières".
- ^ Xiao Time: First quarter storm. YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-11.
- ^ "Remembering Monica Feria | Action for Economic Reforms (AER)".
- ^ "50 years later, First Quarter Storm survivors recall those first three months of the 70s".
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