Sangassou orthohantavirus (SANGV) is single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus species of the genus Orthohantavirus in the Bunyavirales order. It was first isolated in an African wood mouse (Hylomyscus simus) in the forest in Guinea, West Africa in 2010. It is named for the village near where the mouse was trapped. It is the first indigenous Murinae-associated African hantavirus to be discovered.[2]
| Sangassou orthohantavirus | |
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Virus classification 
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| (unranked): | Virus |
| Realm: | Riboviria |
| Kingdom: | Orthornavirae |
| Phylum: | Negarnaviricota |
| Class: | Ellioviricetes |
| Order: | Bunyavirales |
| Family: | Hantaviridae |
| Genus: | Orthohantavirus |
| Species: | Sangassou orthohantavirus
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Genome
editThe virus genome consists of three segments of negative-stranded RNA; the large (L) segment encodes the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, the medium (M) segment encodes the envelope glycoproteins Gn and Gc (cotranslationally cleaved from a glycoprotein precursor), and the small (S) segment encodes the nucleocapsid (N) protein.[2]
Renal syndrome
editIn rodents, hantavirus produces a chronic infection with no adverse sequelae. In humans, hantavirus produces two major clinical syndromes: hemorrhagic fever or pulmonary syndrome. European, Asian, and African rodent-borne hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever. The pulmonary syndrome, caused by the species Sin Nombre orthohantavirus, has not been found anywhere other than the United States[dubious – discuss] where deer mice are the natural hosts. It was discovered in 1993 during an outbreak in the Four Corners region of the southwestern United States.[3][4]
Reservoirs
editNatural reservoirs for this hantavirus species include the slit faced bat, moles, and shrews. Rodent-borne hantaviruses form three major evolutionary clades corresponding to the subfamilies of their rodent hosts. HTNV, SEOV, and DOBV are examples of Murinae-associated hantaviruses. PUUV and Tula orthohantavirus (TULV) belong to the Arvicolinae-associated hantaviruses, and SNV and ANDV are representatives of Neotominae- and Sigmodontinae-associated hantaviruses.[2][5]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Briese, Thomas; et al. (15 June 2015). "Implementation of non-Latinized binomial species names in the family Bunyaviridae" (PDF). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 8 March 2019.
- ^ a b c Klempa, B.; Witkowski, P. T.; Popugaeva, E.; Auste, B.; Koivogui, L.; Fichet-Calvet, E.; Strecker, T.; Ter Meulen, J.; Krüger, D. H. (2012). "Sangassou Virus, the First Hantavirus Isolate from Africa, Displays Genetic and Functional Properties Distinct from Those of Other Murinae-Associated Hantaviruses". Journal of Virology. 86 (7): 3819–3827. doi:10.1128/JVI.05879-11. PMC 3302504. PMID 22278233.
- ^ "CDC—Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS)—Hantavirus". Cdc.gov. 2011-05-17. Retrieved 2013-04-13.
- ^ Peters CJ, Simpson GL, Levy H (1999). "Spectrum of hantavirus infection: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome". Annu. Rev. Med. 50: 531–45. doi:10.1146/annurev.med.50.1.531. PMID 10073292.
- ^ Klempa, B.; Fichet-Calvet, E.; Lecompte, E.; Auste, B.; Aniskin, V.; Meisel, H.; Barrière, P.; Koivogui, L.; Ter Meulen, J.; Krüger, D. H. (2007). "Novel Hantavirus Sequences in Shrew, Guinea". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 13 (3): 520–522. doi:10.3201/eid1303.061198. PMC 2725914. PMID 17554814.