Santiago Atitlán

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Santiago Atitlán (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo atiˈtlan], from Nahuatl atitlan, "at the water", in Tz'utujil Tz'ikin Jaay, "birdhouse")[2] is a municipality in the Sololá department of Guatemala.

Santiago Atitlán
Tz'ikin Jaay
City
panorama of Lake Atitlán and Santiago.
Santiago (on right) and Lake Atitlán from Volcan San Pedro
Location map of Santiago Atitlan
Location map of Santiago Atitlan
Santiago Atitlán
Location in Guatemala
Coordinates: 14°38′N 91°14′W / 14.633°N 91.233°W / 14.633; -91.233
Country Guatemala
Department Sololá
Elevation1,567 m (5,141 ft)
Highest elevation3,516 m (11,535 ft)
Lowest elevation1,562 m (5,125 ft)
Time zoneUTC-6 (Central Time)
Country calling code502
ClimateAw

Geography

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The town is situated on Lake Atitlán, which has an elevation of 5,105 feet (1,556 m). The town sits on a bay of Lake Atitlán between two volcanoes. Volcán San Pedro rises to 2,846 metres (9,337 ft) west of the town and Volcan Toliman rises to 3,144 metres (10,315 ft) southeast of the town. Volcán Atitlán, with an elevation of 3,516 metres (11,535 ft), is south-southeast of the town.[1] Santiago Atitlan is southwest of Panajachel across the lake.[1] Major highways reach Lake Atitlán at San Lucas Toliman and Panajachel. A road links Santiago to San Lucas Tolliman. Boats connect the numerous communities around the lake.

Climate

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Santiago Atitlán has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen: Aw) with warm days and cool nights. Santiago Atitlán has a wet season extending from May to October. The rainiest months are typically June and September.

Climate data for Santiago Atitlán (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 29.2
(84.6)
29.5
(85.1)
30.5
(86.9)
33.0
(91.4)
31.8
(89.2)
30.6
(87.1)
30.5
(86.9)
30.0
(86.0)
30.5
(86.9)
29.0
(84.2)
29.5
(85.1)
29.5
(85.1)
33.0
(91.4)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 25.2
(77.4)
25.5
(77.9)
25.9
(78.6)
26.1
(79.0)
25.4
(77.7)
24.8
(76.6)
25.9
(78.6)
25.6
(78.1)
24.7
(76.5)
24.8
(76.6)
25.2
(77.4)
25.3
(77.5)
25.4
(77.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 18.1
(64.6)
18.5
(65.3)
18.9
(66.0)
19.7
(67.5)
19.9
(67.8)
19.6
(67.3)
20.2
(68.4)
19.7
(67.5)
18.9
(66.0)
18.9
(66.0)
18.8
(65.8)
18.3
(64.9)
19.1
(66.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 11.2
(52.2)
11.2
(52.2)
12.4
(54.3)
13.4
(56.1)
14.6
(58.3)
14.6
(58.3)
14.5
(58.1)
14.4
(57.9)
14.2
(57.6)
13.7
(56.7)
12.8
(55.0)
11.8
(53.2)
13.2
(55.8)
Record low °C (°F) 3.0
(37.4)
6.2
(43.2)
6.0
(42.8)
7.8
(46.0)
10.1
(50.2)
9.0
(48.2)
9.9
(49.8)
10.0
(50.0)
7.1
(44.8)
8.6
(47.5)
4.0
(39.2)
5.7
(42.3)
3.0
(37.4)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 6.6
(0.26)
10.8
(0.43)
27.5
(1.08)
58.9
(2.32)
169.1
(6.66)
279.4
(11.00)
133.4
(5.25)
151.7
(5.97)
237.2
(9.34)
183.7
(7.23)
37.4
(1.47)
13.6
(0.54)
1,309.3
(51.55)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 0.9 1.0 2.8 5.0 13.7 20.0 14.2 15.1 19.8 13.9 3.9 1.5 111.8
Source: NOAA[3]

Demography

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The majority of the residents are indigenous Maya. It was the capital of the Tz'utujil people in pre-Columbian times and its name was Chuitinamit.

Santiago Atitlán is the home of the Cojolya Weaving Center and Museum, founded by the Cojolya Association of Maya Women Weavers. The museum shows the history, tradition, and process of backstrap-loom weaving, the evolution of the traditional costume of the Tzutujil, and tells about the indigenous people of Santiago Atitlán.

History

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Santiago Atitlán was the site of considerable state-sponsored violence during the country's civil war. Some of the most notable incidents that occurred during the war include the assassination of Roman Catholic priest Stanley Rother by right-wing death squads on 28 July 1981,[4] and the massacre of 14 people (and wounding of 21 others) when the Guatemalan Army opened fire on a crowd of unarmed civilians on 2 December 1990.[5]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Google Earth
  2. ^ Tz'unun Ya'?, tzununya.com
  3. ^ "World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020 — Santiago Atitlán". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved February 2, 2024.
  4. ^ Father Stanley Rother Oklahoma missionary murdered in Guatemala Archived 2007-07-04 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ "Cultural Survival Quarterly". Cultural Survival.
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