Secret prisons of the SBU were secret detention facilities operated by the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) in Eastern Ukraine to incarcerate suspected Russian-backed separatists during the war in Donbas.
Background
editAccording to reports of the UN monitoring mission in Ukraine,[1] Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch the practice of unacknowledged detention was sometimes accompanied by torture and various forms of human rights abuses.[2] As of 2016, the Ukrainian authorities refused to acknowledge the existence of the prisons, but the enforced disappearances kept happening when Ukrainian security forces detained people and tried to conceal their fate.[3]
Investigative history
editA first evidence of enforced disappearances in Eastern Ukraine committed by the Security Service of Ukraine was reported by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR, United Nations) in August 2014.[citation needed]
In 2015, the UN monitoring mission in Ukraine published testimonies of detainees, who were held incommunicado in a secret SBU detention facility located in Kharkiv. The SBU denied the allegations.[4]
An official report of the UN, Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch issued in 2016 presented nine cases of unlawful, unacknowledged detention in SBU premises in Kharkiv, Izyum, Kramatorsk, and Mariupol. The investigation revealed that Ukrainian forces, including members of volunteer battalions, held civilians in prolonged, secret captivity. Later the detained individuals were handed over to the Security Service of Ukraine. During the incarceration the detainees were tortured, beaten, subjected to electric shocks, threatened with sexual abuse, execution, and retaliation against family members in order to retrieve their confessions. Eventually some of them were transferred into a regular criminal justice system, some other ones were later exchanged for people captured by the rebel forces or released without trial.[5]
By August 2016 the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights made a conclusion that "Ukrainian authorities have allowed the deprivation of liberty of individuals in secret for prolonged periods of time".[6]
For example, one of the prisoners, Mykola Vakaruk, spent in the custody more than 600 days, suffering from repeated beatings and freezing cold. As a result of improper conditions he lost a kidney. Being in hospital he was forced to adopt a fake identity before undergoing kidney surgery. Finally he was released with compensation around ₴100 (less than $4).[7]
In 2018, Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International said that the victims of arbitrary detention in government-controlled secret prisons in Eastern Ukraine continued to face new, serious obstacles to justice.[8][9]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Kiev, Maxim Tucker. "Kiev allows torture and runs secret jails, says UN". ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 2022-05-11.
- ^ "Watchdogs: Civilians Detained, Tortured in Eastern Ukraine". VOA. Retrieved 2022-05-11.
Arbitrary detentions, sometimes involving torture, are taking place in Eastern Ukraine both by Ukrainian authorities and Russian-backed separatists, according to a joint report released by Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch Thursday.
- ^ Human rights groups sound alarm on secret detentions in Ukraine The Telegraph
- ^ Report on the human rights situation in Ukraine 1 December 2014 to 15 February 2015 Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights
- ^ "Ukraine: "You don't exist": Arbitrary detentions, enforced disappearances, and torture in Eastern Ukraine". Amnesty International. Retrieved 2022-05-11.
- ^ Report on the human rights situation in Ukraine 16 May to 15 August 2016 (Report). OHCHR. 15 September 2016. para. 45.
- ^ "Tortured and a kidney lost: Life in Ukraine's illegal 'secret prisons'". Hindustan Times. 2016-09-02. Retrieved 2022-05-11.
- ^ "Ukraine: Justice Needed for Former Secret Prison Detainees". Human Rights Watch. 2018-03-19. Retrieved 2022-05-11.
- ^ "Human Rights Watch: Justice needed for former secret prison detainees - KyivPost - Ukraine's Global Voice". KyivPost. 2018-03-19. Retrieved 2022-05-11.