President of the League of Communists of Croatia
The president was the leader of the League of Communists of Croatia (LCC), the ruling party of the Socialist Republic of Croatia (SRC) in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Party rules stipulated that the LCC Central Committee elected the president. Moreover, the Central Committee was empowered to remove the president. The president served ex officio as a member of the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (LCY) and of the SRC Presidency. To be eligible to serve, the president had to be a member of the Presidency of the LCC Central Committee. The 9th LCC Congress instituted a two-year term limits for officeholders.
| President of the League of Communists of Croatia | |
|---|---|
| Serbo-Croatian: Predsjednik Saveza komunista Hrvatske | |
  Emblems of the LCY | |
| Type | Party leader |
| Member of | LCY Presidency and SRC Presidency |
| Appointer | Central Committee |
| Term length | Two years, non-renewable (1982–1991) |
| Constituting instrument | LCY Charter & LCC Charter |
| Formation | 1 August 1937 |
| First holder | Đuro Špoljarić |
| Final holder | Ivica Račan |
| Abolished | 3 November 1990 |
The office traces its lineage back to the office of "Secretary of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia in Croatia," established after the founding of the LCY in 1919. This body had no distinct rights and was under the jurisdiction of the Yugoslav Central Committee. On 1 August 1937, the LCY convened the founding congress of the Communist Party of Croatia. On 2 August, the Central Committee of the 1st Congress elected Đuro Špoljarić as "Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Croatia". The LCY 6th Congress on 2–7 November 1952, renamed the party League of Communists, and the Croatian republican branch followed suit and changed its name to League of Communists of Croatia. On 4 October 1966, the 5th Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the LCY 8th Congress abolished the office of General Secretary at the national level and replaced with the office of President. The LCC Central Committee convened a meeting on 26 October 1966 that abolished the office of secretary and established the "President of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Croatia". The reforms passed by the LCY Central Committee plenum strengthened the powers of the republican branches and gave more powers to the Croatian party leader. The 9th LCC Congress introduced another set of reforms on 16 May 1982, which abolished the existing office and replaced it with the "President of the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Croatia". This office was retained until 3 November 1990, when the party changed its name to the Party of Democratic Changes.
Office history
edit| Title | Established | Abolished | Established by |
|---|---|---|---|
| Secretary of the Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia for Croatia Serbo-Croatian: Sekretar Pokrajinskog komiteta Komunističke partije Jugoslavije za Hrvatsku |
23 April 1919 | 2 August 1937 | 1st Congress of the Socialist Labour Party of Yugoslavia (Communists) |
| Secretary of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Croatia Serbo-Croatian: Sekretar Centralnog komiteta Saveza komunista Hrvatske |
2 August 1937 | 26 October 1966 | 1st Congress of the Communist Party of Croatia |
| President of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Croatia Serbo-Croatian: Predsjednik komiteta Saveza komunista Hrvatske |
26 October 1966 | 16 May 1982 | 6th Plenary Session of the Central Committee of the 5th Congress |
| President of the Presidency of the Central Committee of the League of Communists of Croatia Serbo-Croatian: Predsjednik Predsjedništva Centralnog komiteta Saveza komunista Hrvatske |
16 May 1982 | 24 February 1991 | 9th Congress of the League of Communists of Croatia |
Officeholders
edit| No. | Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office | Tenure | Term of office | Birth | PM | Death | Nationality | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 
|
Đuro Špoljarić | 2 August 1937 | January 1939 | 1 year, 152 days | 1st (1943–1948) |
1906 | 1929 | 1991 | Croat | [1] |
| 2 | 
|
Rade Končar | December 1939 | 25 August 1940 | 268 days | 1st (1943–1948) |
1911 | 1934 | 1942 | Serb | [2] |
| 3 | 
|
Vladimir Popović | 25 August 1940 | December 1942 | 2 years, 98 days | 1st (1943–1948) |
1914 | 1932 | 1972 | Montenegrin | [3] |
| 4 | 
|
Andrija Hebrang | December 1942 | 5 October 1944 | 1 year, 309 days | 1st (1943–1948) |
1899 | 1919 | 1949 | Croat | [4] |
| 5 | .jpg)
|
Vladimir Bakarić | 5 October 1944 | 28 March 1969 | 24 years, 174 days | 1st–6th (1948–1974) |
1912 | 1933 | 1983 | Croat | [5] |
| 6 | 
|
Savka Dabčević-Kučar | 28 March 1969 | 13 December 1971 | 2 years, 260 days | 6th–7th (1968–1978) |
1923 | 1943 | 2009 | Croat | [6] |
| 7 | 
|
Milka Planinc | 14 December 1971 | 16 May 1982 | 10 years, 153 days | 7th–8th (1978–1982) |
1924 | 1944 | 2010 | Croat | [7] |
| 8 |
|
Jure Bilić | 16 May 1982 | 23 May 1983 | 1 year, 7 days | 9th (1982–1986) |
1922 | 1941 | 2006 | Croat | [8] |
| 9 | .jpg)
|
Josip Vrhovec | 23 May 1983 | 14 May 1984 | 357 days | 9th (1982–1986) |
1926 | 1944 | 2006 | Croat | [9] |
| 10 | 
|
Mika Špiljak | 14 May 1984 | 18 May 1986 | 2 years, 4 days | 9th (1982–1986) |
1916 | 1938 | 2007 | Croat | [10] |
| 11 |
|
Stanko Stojčević | 18 May 1986 | 13 December 1989 | 3 years, 209 days | 10th (1986–1989) |
1929 | 1944 | 2009 | Serb | [11] |
| 12 | .jpg)
|
Ivica Račan | 13 December 1989 | 3 November 1990 | 325 days | 11th (1989–1990) |
1944 | 1961 | 2007 | Croat | [12] |
References
edit- ^ "Špoljarić, Đuro" [Špoljarić, Đuro]. Croatian Encyclopedia (in Croatian). Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography. Archived from the original on 5 September 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
- ^ Zalar 1961, p. 365.
- ^ "Popović, Vladimir" [Popović, Vladimir]. Croatian Encyclopedia (in Croatian). Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- ^ Stallaerts 2010, pp. 152–153.
- ^ Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 39.
- ^ "Kraljice, predsjednice, umjetnice, znanstvenice: 15 najutjecajnijih i najpoznatijih žena kroz hrvatsku povijest" [Queens, presidents, artists, scientists: 15 most influential and famous women throughout Croatian history] (in Croatian). RTL. 7 March 2009. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- ^ Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 481; Stroynowski 1989c, p. 929; Djokić 2023, p. 450.
- ^ Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 67; Stroynowski 1989a, pp. 102–103.
- ^ Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 670; Stroynowski 1989c, p. 1272.
- ^ Lewytzkyj & Stroynowski 1978, p. 580; Stroynowski 1989c, p. 1104.
- ^ Stroynowski 1989c, p. 1130.
- ^ "Racan, Ivica" [Racan, Ivica]. Croatian Encyclopedia (in Croatian). Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography. Archived from the original on 5 September 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
Bibliography
edit- Djokić, Dejan (2023). A Concise History of Serbia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-02838-8.
- Lewytzkyj, Borys; Stroynowski, Juliusz, eds. (1978). Who's Who in the Socialist Countries. K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN 3-7940-3017-6.
- Stallaerts, Robert (2010). Historical Dictionary of Croatia. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810873636.
- Stroynowski, Juliusz, ed. (1989a). Who's Who in the Socialist Countries of Europe: A–H. K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN 3-598-10719-6.
- Stroynowski, Juliusz, ed. (1989b). Who's Who in the Socialist Countries of Europe: I–O. K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN 3-598-10719-6.
- Stroynowski, Juliusz, ed. (1989c). Who's Who in the Socialist Countries of Europe: P–Z. K. G. Saur Verlag. ISBN 3-598-10719-6.
- Zalar, Charles, ed. (1961). Yugoslav Communism: A Critical Study. United States Government Printing Office. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023.