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Semmelweis University

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Semmelweis University (Hungarian: Semmelweis Egyetem, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈsɛmːɛlvɛjs ˈɛɟɛtɛm]) is a research-led medical school in Budapest, Hungary, founded in 1769.[2] With six faculties and a doctoral school it covers all aspects of medical and health sciences.

Semmelweis University
Semmelweis University Coat Of Arms
MottoServamus Vitam Atque Servimus
Motto in English
Protecting And Serving Life
TypePublic
Established1769; 255 years ago (1769)
RectorBéla Merkely
Studentsabout 14,000 (in 2023/2024)[1]
Location
Budapest
,
Hungary
CampusUrban
AffiliationsNCFMEA, EUA, WHO
Websitesemmelweis.hu

The university is also the largest provider of health care services in Hungary. Most of the departments cater for the most serious cases and patients requiring complex treatment.[2]

As the highest listed institution in Hungary in the 2024 Times Higher Education World University Rankings,[3] Semmelweis University is among the top 300 universities in the world.

History

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Portrait of Ignaz Semmelweis by Mór Than, painted for the university (1884)

The University of Trnava, founded in 1635, was lacking medical training for a long time, so Hungarian doctors were only able to study at foreign universities or in private schools, and surgeons were trained in guilds. Maria Theresa’s court physician, following the Empress’s decree of 7 November 1769, developed the plan of the new faculty, on the basis of the Vienna model. In 1770, education began with five departments. [4]

In 1777, the university, and thus medical education, moved to Buda, and in 1784, following Joseph II’s personal decree, to the other side of the Danube: to Pest. The rapidly developing Pest provided a wider range of ‘patient material’, and the departments also multiplied. There was space for a botanical garden, and anatomy as well actual patient care could also be taught more effectively.

At the end of the 19th century the establishment of the present theoretical institutes and clinical departments started. Those buildings in Budapest are still in use after reconstruction and modernization. During the 20th and 21st centuries new clinics and institutes were built.

From 1951, the Faculty of Medicine continued as an independent medical school and in 1955, Faculties of Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences were incorporated into the new medical University. In 1969, it adopted the name of its most famous professor, Ignáz Semmelweis.

Semmelweis University was the first Hungarian higher educational institution, which started to offer an international program at the Faculty of Medicine in German in 1983, while its international program in English started in 1987, at the Faculties of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences.

From 1 August 2021, the founder’s, owner’s and operator’s rights of Semmelweis University are exercised by the Foundation for National Health Care and Medical Education following the model change in higher education. [5]

Faculties

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Semmelweis University is a specialised university offering undergraduate and graduate courses only in the field of health sciences. The university has more than 14,000 students from 110 nations, with foreign students accounting for about 37% of the total community.[6] The largest and oldest faculty of the university is the Faculty of Medicine with 5,300 students accounting for 37% of the total number of students.[7]

  • András Pető Faculty
  • Faculty of Dentistry
  • Faculty of Health and Public Services
  • Faculty of Health Sciences
  • Faculty of Medicine
  • Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Doctoral College

Academics

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Education takes place in six faculties and three languages (Hungarian, English and German). More than 14,000 students are taking courses in One-tier Master Programmes and at Bachelor, Master's and Postgradual levels and 1,500 of them are granted a diploma each year.[8]

Integrated master programs (one-tier master programs)

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Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmacy run as one-tier master programs (integrated master) with a degree awarded at the end of five years of study in Dentistry and Pharmacy and six years in Medicine. These courses are one-tier degree courses, without intermediate exit, and are in alternative to the two-tier degree course scheme.[9]

Courses in Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmacy are available in Hungarian, English and German.

Bachelor's programs

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Bachelor's Programs of Semmelweis University are offered at the Faculty of Health Sciences and at Pető andrás Faculty. The length of the programs is 8 semesters (4 years) with a total of 240 credit points.

The following Bachelor's programs are available in English:

The physiotherapy program is available in Italian within the framework of the university's off-campus program run in Lugano, Switzerland.

Master's programs

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Master's programs are offered at the Faculty of Health and Public Services and the Faculty of Health Sciences. The length of the programs is 3 semesters (1.5 years) with a total of 90 credit points.

The following Master's Programs are available in English at the Faculty of Health Sciences:

  • Physiotherapy
  • Nursing[11]

Postgraduate education

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Semmelweis University's Doctoral College has 11 Divisions:

Each school comprises 2 to 17 study programs that add up to over 100 topics. The Doctoral College of Semmelweis University integrates the research groups and programs of all Faculties entitled to issue Ph.D. degrees. The Doctoral College has around a hundred students obtaining their Ph.D. diplomas every year. The degrees are recognized by the European Union and are accepted in other countries.[12]

Research

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The iknife shortens the duration of a cancer surgery by determining the boundary between cancerous and healthy tissue almost immediately

Research, development, and innovation at Semmelweis University take place in the areas of living natural sciences, and social sciences. Within these, life science R&D activities are the most prominent. The scientific areas connected to the Ph.D. programme are theoretical, clinical, molecular and multidisciplinary medicine, pharmaceutical sciences, mental health sciences, and pathological sciences. Physical science research is limited to certain segments of theoretical medicine and social science research is employed in the areas of mental health.

R&D and training are incorporated into clinical and health sciences as well as into the university's educational activities and the curriculum. They are also included in the specialised networks operating at the university (e.g. nanotechnology, bioimaging, genomics, biobank), as well as in the research university modules (diagnostics, technology, therapy, prevention) and the collaborations which have been developing within these areas.

Semmelweis University's collection of academic journals comprises printed material, online resources (databases, full text e-journals, e-books, etc.) that may be accessed both on-campus and off-campus. The Central Library provides access to more than 5,000 full text e-journals and specialised databases through its website.[13]

Patents connected to the University include the iKnife, a surgical device that is able to tell healthy and cancerous tissues apart immediately after the first cut,[14] or the virtual 3D microscope, a device equipped with a microscope slide scanner able to scan 300 slides in one run and a 3D viewer that creates a spatial reconstruction of the serial specimen.[15]

The university publishes the peer-reviewed journal Kaleidoscope: Művelődés- Tudomány- és Orvostörténeti Folyóirat (Kaleidoscope: Journal on the History of Culture, Science and Medicine) ISSN 2062-2597, which is rated ERIH PLUS by the European Reference Index for the Humanities and Social Sciences.[16]

International relations

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Semmelweis University has a network of international partner agreements with around a hundred universities within the Erasmus+ network and 40 further universities in joint cooperation based on bilateral agreements.

Off-campus programs

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The university operates cross-border programs allowing foreign students to follow the Semmelweis curriculum while undertaking their studies at the partner institution abroad. Venues of Semmelweis University's off-campus programs including Asklepios Kliniken in Hamburg, Libera Università degli Studi in Lugano, and the Health Management Academy in Bratislava.[17]

International joint projects

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Semmelweis University runs research and student exchange programmes in collaboration with several universities abroad based on bilateral agreements. The programmes offer scholarships to students with outstanding academic results and staff to study or do research at the partner institutions. The programmes are based on reciprocity and the length of exchange programmes may vary from one week to three months. Partner institutions include Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Rutgers University, Medical University of Innsbruck, Saitama Medical University, University of Freiburg, Heidelberg University, University of Ulm, University of Padua, University of Trieste, and Jessenius Faculty of Medicine at Comenius University.[18]

Academic ranking

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University rankings
Global – Overall
ARWU World[19]601–700 (2023)
THE World[20]251–300 (2024)
USNWR Global[21]=653 (2023)

As of 2022, the university's pharmacy programme was ranked at 200 by the QS World University Rankings.[22]

In the 2024 Times Higher Education World University Rankings Semmelweis University was placed between 251 and 300.[23]

Buildings and sites

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The university does not have a campus. Instead, its faculties, departments, hospitals, clinics, libraries, sport and accommodation facilities are scattered throughout the capital city Budapest. Some facilities are clustered, and most of its clinical departments belong to one of the three clinical blocks.

 
Stained glass window at the Theoretical Building at Nagyvárad tér

The university's Theoretical Building at Nagyvárad tér is one of the tallest high rise in Hungary. It houses several research institutions, a student centre, the office of the Students’ Union, auditoriums, conference halls and the country's largest stained glass installations.[24]

The previously fragmented Faculty of Health Sciences was united in 2003 in the newly renovated Art Nouveau building of a former sanatorium. The faculty's building houses clinical skills laboratories and contains various social spaces for students to use, such as an atrium with couches and a garden.[25]

The Dental Clinical and Training Centre was completed in 2007, accommodating clinics and institutions.

The Basic Medical Science Centre was built in 2008. Over a third of its area is used for scientific research, and it also has auditoriums and smaller lecture halls. The building is also home to several research groups that participate in international collaborations.[26]

The Inner Clinical Block is located close to the Corvin-negyed metro station and contains the main building and some of the university's hospitals. The main building houses the Rector's Office, the Deans’ Offices and other organisational and administrative units, as well as Semmelweis Salon, a venue for scientific symposia.

Administration

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The main governing body of Semmelweis University is the Senate, with the rector as its president. It is endowed with the authority to make decisions and recommendations, to form opinions, and to supervise. The Senate determines the course of the university's educational and research activities and sees to their realisation, with due regard to the Founding Charter.

Leaders

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The leadership of Semmelweis University consists of the Rector, responsible for educational and scientific affairs and the Chancellor, overseeing the financial matters of the university. The Rector is aided by five Vice-Rectors: the Vice-Rector for General Affairs, the Vice-Rector for Educational Affairs, the Vice-Rector for Science and Innovation, the Vice-Rector for Clinical Affairs and the Vice-Rector for Strategy and Development.

  • Rector: Dr. Béla Merkely
  • Chancellor: Dr. Lívia Pavlik
  • Vice-Rector for General Affairs: Dr. Ferenc Bánhidy
  • Vice-Rector for Educational Affairs: Dr. Péter Hermann
  • Vice-Rector for Science and Innovation: Dr. Péter Ferdinandy
  • Vice-Rector for Clinical Affairs: Dr. Attila Szabó
  • Vice-Rector for Strategy and Development: Dr. Éva Szabó Feketéné
  • Vice-Rector for International Studies: Dr. Alán Alpár[27]

Notable people

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  • Ignác Semmelweis (1818–1865), popularly known as “the saviour of mothers”. He began his career in Vienna; it was there that he discovered the cause of puerperal fever. He left Vienna for the Medical Faculty of the Imperial and Royal University of Pest (now Semmelweis University), where he served as professor and director of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from 1855 to 1865.[citation needed]
  • Albert Szent-Györgyi (1893–1986) is the only Hungarian Nobel laureate who received the distinction for research conducted in Hungary. He earned his diploma at the medical faculty in Budapest (now Semmelweis University).[citation needed] He successfully isolated vitamin C and discovered the components and reactions of the citric acid cycle at the University of Szeged. Szent-Györgyi returned to the University of Budapest's Faculty of Medicine after the war, but emigrated to the US in 1947.
  • Árpád Lengyel (physician) (1886–1940), RMS Carpathia ship's medical officer instrumental in the Titanic rescue effort
  • László Szollás (1907–1980), world champion and Olympic medalist pair skater.[citation needed]
  • Judith Forrai (born 1949), Hungarian historian of science, medical historian, dentist, professor, doctor of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and journal editor-in-chief.[citation needed]
  • Zoltán Kovács (born 1962), vice-president of the Hungarian Ice Hockey Federation and Paul Loicq Award recipient, graduated with Master of Physical Education degree in 1992 at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences.[28]
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  •  
    The Central Building of Semmelweis University (Rector"s Office) - Budapest, Üllői út 26.
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    Building of the Anatomical Institute, inaugurated in 1878
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    Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Józsefvárosi Clinical Complex
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    Semmelweis University Tower - Nagyvárad téri Theoretical Building
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    Basic Medical Science Center - Budapest, Tűzoltó street 37-47.
  •  
    Basic Medical Science Center - Budapest, Tűzoltó street 37-47. (interior)
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    1 st Department of Paediatrics
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    Facade of the Faculty of Health Sciences
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    Dental Clinical and Training Centre - Budapest, Szentkirályi street

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Statistics". semmelweis.hu.
  2. ^ a b "The University". semmelweis.hu. Retrieved 2019-03-20.
  3. ^ "Semmelweis University". Times Higher Education (THE). 2024. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
  4. ^ "Detailed History of Semmelweis University". Semmelweis University's official website. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
  5. ^ "Foundation for National Health Care and Medical Education to become operator of Semmelweis University". semmelweis.hu. 28 April 2021. Retrieved 2022-05-25.
  6. ^ "The University | Semmelweis University". Semmelweis.hu. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
  7. ^ "Statistics". semmelweis.hu (in Hungarian). Retrieved 2024-10-07.
  8. ^ "Statisztikák". Statistics (in Hungarian). Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  9. ^ Wilson, Macha (11 December 2018). "Incompatible With Bologna? The Two-Cycle Degree Structure in Medical Education in the EHEA". World Education News + Reviews. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  10. ^ "Study finder". Study in Hungary. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  11. ^ Foundation, Tempus Public. "Study In Hungary – Study finder". studyinhungary.hu. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  12. ^ "About". Doctoral College. Retrieved 16 September 2024.
  13. ^ "Research and Development". semmelweis.hu. Retrieved 2019-03-23.
  14. ^ Phelps DL, Balog J, Gildea LF, Bodai ZS, Savage A, El-Bahrawy MA, Speller A, Rosini F, Kudo H, McKenzie J, Brown R, Takáts Z, Ghaem-Maghami S (19 April 2018). "The surgical intelligent knife distinguishes normal, borderline and malignant gynaecological tissues using rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectrometry (REIMS)". British Journal of Cancer. 118 (10): 1349–1358. doi:10.1038/s41416-018-0048-3. PMC 5959892. PMID 29670294.
  15. ^ Krenács T, Zsakovics I, Micsik T, Fonyad L, Varga, V, Ficsor L, Kiszler G, Molnár B (January 2010). "Digital microscopy: The upcoming revolution in histopathology teaching, diagnostics, research and quality assurance". Microscopy: Science, Technology, Applications and Education: 965–977.
  16. ^ "Kaleidoscope Művelődés- Tudomány- és Orvostörténeti Folyóirat". Kanal Register - Direktoratet for høgare utdanning og kompetanse. Bergen, Norway: Norwegian Directorate for Higher Education and Skills. 13 March 2023. Archived from the original on 13 March 2023. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
  17. ^ "Off-campus Programs". semmelweis.hu. Retrieved 2019-03-23.
  18. ^ "Kiemelt csereegyezményes kapcsolataink". semmelweis.hu (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on 2019-03-23. Retrieved 2019-03-23.
  19. ^ "Academic Ranking of World Universities 2023". shanghairanking.com. Retrieved 24 February 2023.
  20. ^ "Semmelweis University". Times Higher Education (THE). 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  21. ^ U.S. News. "Semmelweis University". Retrieved 27 February 2024.
  22. ^ "Semmelweis University". QS World University Rankings.
  23. ^ "World University Rankings". Times Higher Education (THE). 2024. Retrieved 2024-10-06.
  24. ^ Christopher, Adam (4 October 2017). "Budapest skyscraper sparks controversy". Hungarian Free Press. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
  25. ^ Prusinszki, István (17 July 2004). "Iszappal is gyógyítottak a Vas utcában". Népszabadság Online. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
  26. ^ "Történet". semmelweis.hu (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on 2021-02-26. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  27. ^ "Leaders of the University". semmelweis.hu. Retrieved 2019-03-21.
  28. ^ Podnieks, Andrew (February 4, 2020). "Legends join IIHF Hall of Fame". International Ice Hockey Federation. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
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