The Springfield Science Museum is located in Springfield, Massachusetts, in the United States. Founded in 1859, the museum has operated in its current building since 1899. The building has undergone two expansions, in 1934[1] and 1970.[2] It is also home to the country's oldest operating projection planetarium, Seymour Planetarium.[3][4][5]
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Former name | Springfield Ethnological and Natural History Museum |
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| Established | December 1859 |
| Location | Springfield, Massachusetts, United States |
| Coordinates | 42°06′16″N 72°35′09″W / 42.10444°N 72.58583°W |
| Type | Science museum |
| Director | Jenny Powers |
| President | Kay Simpson |
| Website | springfieldmuseums |
History
editThe Springfield Science Museum was founded in December 1859 at Springfield's City Hall,[2][6] originally as a natural history museum and curiosities collection.[7] It was moved to the City Library in 1871, when the library gained its own building separate from City Hall.[6] Early exhibits included geological displays of rocks and minerals, and Revolutionary War relics.[6][8] In the early 1890s the museum was moved once again, this time to the Art museum.[6] The museum's collections began being moved to its own building in February 1899,[6] and it opened as the Springfield Ethnological and Natural History Museum on October 16, 1899.[2][9]
In 1928, the museum received Miss Oita, one of 58 Japanese friendship dolls, which has remained in the museum's collection up to the present day.[10]
Exhibits present in the 1930s, which are still present in the current building, include the Native American Hall, with a diorama of two Native American men and one woman engaged in tool-making and cooking,[1][11] and Habitat Hall, which features dioramas of taxidermied animals in their natural habitats.[1] A Bird Hall also existed, with various local specimens and a case of extinct species (including the passenger pigeon, heath hen, and Carolina parakeet).[1] Another since-removed area was the Hall of Ethnology, which showcased Native American baskets and tools, traditional Greenlandic clothing, musical instruments from around the world, and dolls from around the world.[1]
Although not ready at the time of the museum's 1934 re-opening, the building did leave space for a planetarium, which would ultimately open in November 1937.[3][12] The museum turned to Chicopee locals Frank and Stanley Korkosz to create the planetarium's "star ball", as they were unable to afford equipment from Zeiss.[3][12]
In 1979 or 1980, the museum received a taxidermied polar bear, Snowball, who had lived at the Forest Park Zoo for 29 years.[13]
In 1986, a Massachusetts man stole "Indian artifacts" from the museum, as well as from five other Massachusetts museums; the artifacts were recovered in February 1987.[14]
Temporary exhibits hosted by the museum have covered a variety of topics, from natural gas (1993),[15] to extinction (1998),[16] to the history of bicycles (2002).[17]
Exhibits
edit
The African Hall features multiple taxidermied Savanna species, including a chimpanzee who lived at the Forest Park Zoo until 1967, and a giraffe, acquired in 1985, that died at a park in Oklahoma.[18]
The Dinosaur Hall includes a lifesize Tyrannosaurus rex model, which was installed in April 1975.[19] The hall also includes a cast of Stegosaurus, and both a legbone of Alamosaurus and fragment of a tyrannosaurid believed to represent a new species, both collected in a 1920s Amherst College expedition led by Fred Brewster Loomis.[20][21][22]
The museum's planetarium, Seymour Planetarium, which opened in November 1937,[12][3] was one of a few of the era not built by Zeiss.[23] It was remodeled and officially reopened in April 2023.[12]
The museum has its own observatory with a 20-inch (51 cm) telescope that is periodically open to the public.[24]
Repatriation
editIn 1985, a Southington council member requested that the museum return the Luman Andrews collection, a collection of Native American objects collected by a Southington resident, to the Connecticut town from which he originated. The collection had originally been donated to the museum in 1921.[25] The collection was loaned to Southington for a year and opened there in September 1985.[26]
The museum announced their intentions to repatriate two Seneca masks in 1997,[27] and Klamath jewelry[28] and a Navajo pouch In 2002.[29] The museum repatriated one set of human remains to Hawaii in 1997.[30]
In 2013, the museum's curator found a mid-19th century Tlingit war helmet in the museum's collection, making it one of fewer than a hundred known examples.[31][32] The helmet had been given to the museum sometime in 1899, but was miscatalogued as an "Aleution hat".[31][32] The Central Council of Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska announced at the time they intended to request repatriation of the helmet.[31]
According to NAGPRA, the museum had 148 Native American remains in the 1990s.[33] A 2004 report from the museum reported that 84 remains were made available for return.[33][34] 2007 marked the most recent year of repatriation, at which point 78% of all reported remains had been made available for return to tribes.[33] In 2023, the museum reported having repatriated 25 additional remains, although these are not documented by NAGPRA.[35][36] At one point, the museum had more than 600 objects associated with funerals; as of January 2023, 562 had been made available for return.[33] As of October 2023, the museum self-reported having 31 human remains and 109 associated funerary objects.[36]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e "Reconstructed Museum, Closed For 15 Months, Opens Next Sunday". Springfield Republican. October 14, 1934. pp. 47, 56.
- ^ a b c "Springfield Science Museum". Springfield Museums. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ a b c d Rowan, Patrick (2022-11-02). "Patrick Rowan's Skywatch: Springfield Science Museum celebrates Chicopee's Korkosz brothers' 'starball'". masslive. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ Sanderson, Richard (2023-04-21). "Historic 'starball' gets a digital partner inside Springfield's Seymour Planetarium (Commentary)". masslive. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ Sanderson, Richard (September 2013). "When ingenuity was king: Seymour Planetarium celebrates 75th anniversary" (PDF). Planetarian. 42 (3): 24.
- ^ a b c d e "In and About Springfield - The Museum in Its Three Homes". Springfield Sunday Republican. February 26, 1899. p. 10.
- ^ Tuthill, Paul (2019-05-06). "Plans Announced To Update, Refurbish Springfield Science Museum". WAMC. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ "Local Notices". Springfield Daily Republican. September 12, 1895. p. 8.
- ^ "Opening of Science Building. Exhibits All Ready and to be Shown To-Morrow". Springfield Sunday Republican. October 15, 1899. p. 11.
- ^ "Miss Oita". Springfield Museums. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ "Issues of tribal membership and curator experience in complaint over Springfield museum exhibit". Maine Public. 2022-11-25. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ a b c d Conway, Matt (2023-05-02). "Science Museum unveils remodeled Seymour Planetarium". Reminder Publications. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ "Polar Bear". Springfield Museums. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ "Man confesses to museum theft". Record-Journal. May 17, 1988. p. 13.
- ^ "Natural gas". The Telegraph. September 19, 1993. pp. H-6.
- ^ "Story of Extinction". The Day. April 26, 1998. pp. C7.
- ^ "Rolling out History". The Robesonian. April 24, 2002. pp. 7C.
- ^ "Stuffed Giraffe Taken to Museum". The Lewiston Journal. October 3, 1985. p. 25.
- ^ Kelly, Ray (2015-03-18). "T. rex celebrates 40th at Springfield Science Museum". masslive. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ Sullivan, Robert M.; Lucas, Spencer G. (2016-01-01). Fossil Record 5: Bulletin 74. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. pp. 61–66.
- ^ "Possible New Tyrannosaur Species Uncovered". Springfield Museums. 2014-12-10. Retrieved 2022-02-19.
- ^ Roman, Elizabeth (December 4, 2014). "Move over T. rex; Springfield Science Museum displays bone belonging to new dinosaur species". Masslive. Retrieved February 19, 2022.
- ^ "Science » The Museums". Springfield Museums. Retrieved 20 December 2014.
- ^ The Springfield Stars Club. Reflector.org. Retrieved on 2013-08-21.
- ^ Galayda, Laureen (June 13, 1985). "Effort started to return Indian object collection". Record-Journal. p. 45. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
- ^ "Indian artifacts returning to town". Record-Journal. September 27, 1985. p. 31. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
- ^ McManamon, Francis P. (September 3, 1997). "Notice of Intent to Repatriate Cultural Items from New York in the Possession of the Springfield Science Museum, Springfield, MA". Federal Register. 62 (170). Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ "Notice of Intent to Repatriate Cultural Items in the Possession of the Springfield Science Museum, Springfield, MA". Federal Register. July 11, 2002 – via Casetext.
- ^ Stearns, Robert (June 18, 2002). "Notice of Intent to Repatriate a Cultural Item in the Possession of the Springfield Science Museum, Springfield, MA" (PDF). Federal Register. 67 (117).
- ^ Ayau, Edward Halealoha (2021-05-01). "Sailing to the Edge of the Hawaiian Universe". Ka Wai Ola. Retrieved 2023-11-01.
- ^ a b c Wallis, David (2014-03-19). "Golden Age of Discovery ... Down in the Basements". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ a b Tuthill, Paul (2013-12-18). "Rare Artifact, Misidentified, Found In Museum Storage". WAMC. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ a b c d Suozzo, Andrea; Ngu, Ash (2023-01-11). "Springfield Science Museum — The Repatriation Project". ProPublica. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ Hutt, Sherry (August 12, 2004). "Notice of Inventory Completion: Springfield Science Museum, Springfield, MA; Correction" (PDF). Federal Register.
- ^ "Dozens of Native remains from western Mass. still in museums, despite decades-old repatriation law". New England Public Media. 2023-05-24. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
- ^ a b Jochem, Greta (2023-10-22). "Why are thousands of Native American human remains still held in Mass. collections?". masslive.com. Retrieved 2023-11-01.