Shaobing (pinyin: shāobǐng; Wade–Giles: shao-ping), also called huoshao, is a type of baked, unleavened, layered flatbread in northern Chinese cuisine. Shaobing can be made with or without stuffing, and with or without sesame on top. Shaobing contains a variety of stuffings that can be grouped into two main flavors: savory or sweet. Some common stuffings include red bean paste, black sesame paste, stir-fried mung beans with egg and tofu, braised beef, smoked meat,[1] or beef or pork with spices.[2]
 Typical shaobing. The round shaobing on the right are sweet and filled with sugar and the long shaobing on the left are savory and salted. | |
| Alternative names | Huoshao |
|---|---|
| Type | Flatbread |
| Course | Breakfast |
| Place of origin | China |
| Shaobing | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 燒餅 | ||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 烧饼 | ||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | roasted pastry | ||||||||||||||||
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| Huoshao | |||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 火燒 | ||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 火烧 | ||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | fire roasted | ||||||||||||||||
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Shaobing is not very well known in southern China,[citation needed] unlike other northern dishes like mantou, baozi, and youtiao. Most Shaobing are popular in the northern part of China. Different types of shaobing are often associated with certain cities and towns.
Shaobing is a common breakfast item. Filled shaobing are usually eaten with soy milk and tea, while unfilled ones are usually eaten with steamed eggs or a breakfast meat dish. In the Mandarin cuisine tradition, shaobing are served with hot pot (huǒguō) in winter or soy milk.
History
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Chinese legends claim that the roasted, flat shaobing was brought back from the Xiyu (the Western Regions, a name for far-western China and Central Asia) by the Han dynasty General Ban Chao, and that it was originally known as hubing (胡餅, lit. 'barbarian pastry'). The shaobing is believed to be descended from the hubing.[3] Shaobing is believed to be related to the Persian and Central Asian naan and the Near Eastern pita.[4][5][6] Foreign westerners made and sold sesame cakes in China during the Tang dynasty.[7]
Types
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Huangqiao Shaobing
editHuangqiao Shaobing (黄桥烧饼; Huángqiáo Shāobǐng) is one kind of Shaobing. It is made of flour, oil, sesame and other raw materials. It is golden in color and crispy on the outside. Traditionally, it is divided into sweet taste and salty taste. Generally, the sweet taste one is round and the salty taste one is long and oval.
Zhoucun Shaobing
editZhoucun Shaobing (周村烧饼), is a kind of Shaobing. It is a traditional snack in Zibo, Shandong province, China, created by Guo Yunlong based on a horseshoe-shaped thick pancake. Its shape is round and thin as paper. The front is covered with sesame seed, the back is full of crisp holes. It is famous because of its special crisp and ability to conserve for a long time.
Magao
editMagao (常州大麻糕; Chángzhōu Dàmágāo), or sesame cake, is popular in the city of Changzhou in Jiangsu province. Changzhou sesame cakes are flat and oval-shaped. The traditional flavors are sweet, salty and spicy. It has golden thin crisp skin. To make Changzhou sesame cake, the chef needs to select the finest pigs suet, white flour, hulled sesame seeds, white sugar, refined salt, etc. other refined raw materials; then bake in a traditional barrel furnace.[8]
Donkey burger
editDonkey burgers, or donkey sandwiches are a type of shaobing that is cut open and filled with meat, and are mostly eaten in Hebei province.
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Shaobing with red bean paste -
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Shaobing with pork -
Baking in clay oven -
Baohu, or shaobing stuffed with mutton -
Baohu
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See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Kraig, Bruce, ed. (2013). Street Food Around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture. ABC-CLIO. p. 92. ISBN 978-1-59884-955-4. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
- ^ Church, Marguerite Chien (2002). Adopted, the Chinese Way. Infinity Publishing. p. 127. ISBN 0-7414-1224-1. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
- ^ Huang, H. T. (2000). Fermentations and Food Science, Volume 6. Cambridge University Press. p. 474. ISBN 0521652707. Retrieved 24 April 2014.
- ^ Anderson (1988), p. 143, 144, 218.
- ^ Simoons, Frederick J. (1990). Food in China: A Cultural and Historical Inquiry. CRC Press. p. 89. ISBN 084938804X.
- ^ Charles Holcombe (January 2001). The Genesis of East Asia: 221 B.C. - A.D. 907. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 129–. ISBN 978-0-8248-2465-5.
- ^ Schafer, Edward H. (1963). The Golden Peaches of Samarkand: A Study of Tʻang Exotics (illustrated, reprint, revised ed.). University of California Press. p. 29.
- ^ "全国著名烧饼大全". www.sohu.com. Retrieved 2020-04-14.