Abū Hafs Sirāj al-Dīn al-Bulqīnī (Arabic: أبو حفص سراج الدين البلقيني; c. 1324–1403 CE); also known as just Sirajuddin al-Bulqini was an Egyptian scholar of Islamic Jurisprudence. Regarded as the foremost leading Shafi'i jurist of his time.[3] He was known to have reached ijtihad in the science of jurisprudence.[4]
Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini | |
|---|---|
| Title | Shaykh al-Islām[1] Siraj al-Din |
| Personal | |
| Born | 4 August 1324 CE / 724 AH Bulqina, Gharbia Governorate Egypt |
| Died | 1 June 1403 CE / 805 AH |
| Religion | Islam |
| Region | Egypt |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Shafi'i |
| Creed | Ash'ari[2] |
| Main interest(s) | Fiqh, Usul al-Fiqh, Sharia |
| Notable work(s) | Tashih al-Minhaj |
| Muslim leader | |
| Arabic name | |
| Personal (Ism) | Umar |
| Patronymic (Nasab) | ibn Raslan |
| Teknonymic (Kunya) | Abu Hafs |
| Epithet (Laqab) | Sirāj al-Dīn |
| Toponymic (Nisba) | al-Bulqini, al-Shāfi'ī |
He is a prominent scholar of the famous al-Bulqīnī family, which was an influential dynasty of Shāfiʿī judges, law professors, and administrators in Mamlūk Syria and Egypt. They were renowned for being the house of knowledge, virtue, leadership and generosity.[5]
Early life
editHe was born in the August 4th of 1324 CE. He memorized the Noble Qur'an when he was seven years old, which was a young age that only a few scholars ever did. He also memorized "Al-Muharir" in jurisprudence, "Al-Kafi" in grammar by Ibn Malik, and Mukhtasar Ibn Al-Hajib in Usul al-Fiqh and "Al-Shatibiyyah" in readings, and many other famous Islamic science books. His hometown is called Bulqini. It is said that the third grandfather of Siraj al-Din, was the first to reside in Bulqini, and that is why he was nicknamed Al-Bulqini which is a village belonging to the center of al-Mahalla al-Kubra, Gharbia Governorate on Tanta Road.[6]
Moving to Cairo
editHis father brought him to Cairo when he was twelve years old. So he sought knowledge and studied under the scholars of his time, he studied under Sheikh Al-Maidumi, Sheikh Shams al-Din, Sheikh Al-Isfahani, others and most prominently Sheikh al-Islam Taqi al-Din al-Subki. He was authorized to issue fatwas when he was just ten years old.[7]
He surpassed his peers and colleagues, and the conditions of jurisprudence met in the correct manner. It was said that he was a "renewer of the ninth century AH", and his elders and colleagues praised him as a young man, and the study of science ended with him in the countries of the earth. Scholars and students came to him from every direction, and fatwas came to him from every side.[7]
He married a daughter of the grammarian and jurist Abd Allah ibn Abd al-Rahman ibn Aqil.[8]
Career
editAfter his primary education in Egypt. He assumed several positions, including the fatwa of the House of Justice, and he travelled to Damascus and was appointed as a Mufti in the year 769 AH, where he worked for a short period, then returned.[9]
He has also served as a lecturer at Al-Azhar Mosque. He had a vast number of disciples that the entire Egypt following the Shafi`i school had Ulama who were either his own disciples or disciples of his disciples.[10]
Students
editHis most popular students were:
- Alam al-Din al-Bulqini, his son who was the teacher of Al-Suyuti and Zakariyya al-Ansari
- Ibn Hajar Al-Asqalani
- Badr al-Din al-Ayni
- Jalal ad-Din al-Mahalli
- Ibn Nasir al-Dimishqi
- Al-Damiri
- Burhan al-Din al-Muhaddith
Death
editImam Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini passed away on Friday the 1st of June in the year 1403 CE. His son, Jalal al-Din, prayed for him and was buried in his school after a long life that he spent in the service of Islam and its sciences. His student Ibn Hajar and others mourned him with long poems.[9]
Works
edit- Tashih al-Minhaj, an explanation of Al-Nawawi's Minhaj al-Talibin.[11]
- Sharh al Tirmidhi, commentary on Sahih al-Tirmidhi
- Musabah al-Manahij
- Litashih al-Murajaea
- Bidayatan Bi-kitab al-Dhabihat Wantha'an Bi-kitab al-Shahadat
References
edit- ^ The Middle East Documentation Center (MEDOC) At The University Of Chicago (2002). "knowledge.uchicago.edu". Mamlūk Studies Review Vol. VI (2002). 6: 118. doi:10.6082/M1XP7300.
- ^ "Some of the names of scholars of the Ash'ari nation". alsunna.org. Archived from the original on 2023-02-08. Retrieved 2023-02-08.
- ^ David J Wasserstein, Ami Ayalon (17 June 2013). Mamluks and Ottomans Studies in Honour of Michael Winter. Taylor & Francis. p. 107. ISBN 978-1-136-57924-0.
- ^ Gibril Fouad Haddad (2 May 2015). THE BIOGRAPHIES OF THE ELITE LIVES OF THE SCHOLARS, IMAMS & HADITH MASTERS Biographies of The Imams & Scholars. Zulfiqar Ayub. p. 291.
- ^ "al-Bulqini Family". December 2013. Retrieved 2020-04-15.
- ^ "Information about Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini at id.worldcat.org" (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 8 December 2019.
- ^ a b "Information about Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini on viaf.org" (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 26 March 2019.
- ^ Schacht, Joseph (1971). "Ibn ʿAḳīl". In Lewis, B.; Ménage, V. L.; Pellat, Ch. & Schacht, J. (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Volume III: H–Iram. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 698–699. OCLC 495469525.
- ^ a b "Information about Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini at id.worldcat.org" (in Arabic). Archived from the original on 8 December 2019.
- ^ "Sirajuddin al-Bulqini on id.loc.gov". Retrieved 2020-04-15.
- ^ Ludwig W. Adamec (2009), Historical Dictionary of Islam, pp.238-239. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-6161-5.
