Socialist Appeal was the British section of the International Marxist Tendency (IMT), founded in 1992 alongside the IMT by supporters of Ted Grant and Alan Woods after they were expelled from the Militant tendency of the Labour Party.[1] In 2024 the Great Britain-based elements of the IMT were relaunched as the Revolutionary Communist Party.
Socialist Appeal | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Founded | April 1992 |
| Dissolved | May 2024 |
| Split from | Militant tendency |
| Succeeded by | Revolutionary Communist Party (2024) |
| Newspaper | Socialist Appeal |
| Student wing | Marxist Student Federation |
| Ideology | Marxism Leninism Trotskyism |
| International affiliation | |
| Website | |
| communist | |
The organisation described itself as a "Marxist organisation which stands for the socialist transformation of society." Its stated aim was to build a revolutionary leadership capable of leading the working class in a struggle against capitalism.[2] It described its politics as descending from Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky.[3]
Socialist Appeal published a fortnightly newspaper under the same name until January 2024, and operated the Wellred Books publisher and bookstore.
History
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In the 1970s and 1980s, Socialist Appeal's predecessor, the Militant tendency, had been a significant force within the British Labour Party.[4] At the height of its influence in the mid-to-late 1980s, Militant had three Labour MPs, control of Liverpool City Council and later initiated the campaign that they claim forced the abandonment of the poll tax.[5][6] Grant had been one of the founders[7] and the theoretical leader of the Militant group, but he was expelled with other supporters after the 1991 debate on the Open Turn.[8]
The split was caused by what Grant and Woods claimed was the bureaucratic centralist degeneration of Militant's internal regime, as well as Grant's continued support for the tactic of entryism within the Labour Party.[9][10] In 1991, Militant decided by a large majority to abandon entryism in the Labour Party. Ted Grant, once the group's most important member, was expelled and his breakaway minority, now known as Socialist Appeal, continued with the entryist strategy.[citation needed] The majority changed its name to Militant Labour and then in 1997 to the Socialist Party.
Socialist Appeal began publishing their own journal in 1992. In 2000, the group was estimated to have around 250 supporters.[11]
In 2013, Socialist Appeal launched a student wing, the Marxist Student Federation (MSF), to provide a "national platform for Marxist ideas in the student movement,"[12] focused on political discussions at university Marxist societies, as well as campaigning within the labour movement.[13]
Following the Scottish independence referendum in which Scots voted to retain the union with the rest of the United Kingdom, the International Marxist Tendency launched a separate Scottish periodical called Revolution, which analysed events in Scotland, and put forward a Marxist position in relation to the Scottish independence movement. Revolution's masthead carries the slogan "For a Scottish workers' republic and world socialist revolution!".[14]
In July 2021, the Labour Party's National Executive Committee banned Socialist Appeal and ruled that its members could be automatically expelled from the Labour Party.[15][16]
On 14 November 2023, Socialist Appeal announced that the IMT within Great Britain would be refounded as the Revolutionary Communist Party.[17] The founding congress of the party took place in May 2024.[18]
Publications
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Socialist Appeal refers to the fortnightly newspaper of the same name. In September 2009, the publication Socialist Appeal changed from a magazine journal format to a full colour tabloid.[19] As part of the establishment of the Revolutionary Community Party, the paper was merged with the Scottish IMT newspaper, Revolution, to form The Communist in January 2024.[20]
The group also produced and/or published books, pamphlets, magazines and other Marxist educational material through the Wellred Books site operated by themselves.[21]
Socialist Appeal was also the name of two British Trotskyist newspapers associated with Ted Grant in the 1940s: one was the newspaper of the Workers International League and immediately following that of the Revolutionary Communist Party.[22]
International Marxist Tendency
editSocialist Appeal was part of the then International Marxist Tendency (now the Revolutionary Communist International). In Latin America, it supported President of Venezuela's Hugo Chávez’s Bolivarian Revolution and the IMT instigated the formation of the Hands Off Venezuela campaign group to support Chávez.[23][24]
The IMT ran the multilingual website In Defence of Marxism, which is now run by the RCI.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Wade, Bob (27 July 2006). "Ted Grant: Trotskyite behind the Militant Tendency's infiltration of the Labour party". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 18 October 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
- ^ Appeal, Socialist (3 January 2003). "About us". Socialist Appeal. Archived from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
- ^ "About us". In Defence of Marxism. Archived from the original on 9 December 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
- ^ Crick, Michael (1986). The March of Militant. London: Faber & Faber. ISBN 9780571146437.
- ^ Taaffe, Peter (1995). The Rise of Militant. London: Militant Publications.
- ^ Sewell, Rob (18 July 2005). "How the Militant was Built – and How it was Destroyed". In Defence of Marxism. Archived from the original (10 October 2004) on 17 August 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
- ^ Grant, Ted (1989). The Unbroken Thread. London: Fortress Books. pp. ix. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023.
- ^ McSmith, Andy (9 August 2006). "Ted Grant: Founder of the Trotskyite group Militant Tendency who never abandoned his revolutionary ideals". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
- ^ "Against Bureaucratic Centralism". In Defence of Marxism. 18 July 2005. Archived from the original on 12 November 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
- ^ Taaffe, Peter (1995). The Rise of Militant. London: Militant Publications. p. 133.
- ^ Peter Barberis et al., Encyclopedia of British and Irish Political Organizations, p.519
- ^ Student, Marxist (4 October 2013). "Marxist Student Federation off to a flying start | Marxist Student Federation". Retrieved 1 February 2023.
- ^ Federation, Marxist Student (8 December 2022). "Marxist Student Federation: The voice of the labour movement on campus". Socialist Appeal. Archived from the original on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
- ^ "Subscribe to Revolution". REVOLUTION. 24 March 2017. Retrieved 4 June 2023.
- ^ Mason, Rowena (20 July 2021). "Labour votes to ban four far-left factions that supported Corbyn's leadership". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 22 July 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- ^ Shalev, Asaf (22 July 2021). "UK Labour bans far-left factions in effort to change reputation on antisemitism". Times of Israel. Archived from the original on 22 July 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- ^ Hinckley, Jonathan (14 November 2023). "Revolution Festival 2023: The communists are coming!". Socialist Appeal. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
- ^ board, The Communist editorial (15 May 2024). "Britain: the launch of the Revolutionary Communist Party – a historic step". In Defence of Marxism. Retrieved 26 May 2024.
- ^ Editorial Board (September 2009). "Welcome to the new look Socialist Appeal!". Socialist Appeal (177): 2.
- ^ "Goodbye Revolution, The Communist is Here". Revolution. January 2024. Retrieved 20 February 2024.
- ^ "About Us". Wellred Books. Archived from the original on 14 October 2023. Retrieved 1 February 2023.
- ^ Crick, Michael (1984). Militant. London: Faber & Faber. pp. 34, 38. ISBN 9780571132560.
- ^ "Venezuela's economy: Towards state socialism". The Economist. 20 November 2010. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
- ^ Yapp, Robin (5 December 2010). "Welsh Trotskyist in row over claims he is key adviser to Hugo Chavez". London: The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 13 July 2012.
External links
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