Sofya Aleksandrovna Yanovskaya (also Janovskaja; Russian: Софи́я Алекса́ндровна Яно́вская; 31 January 1896 – 24 October 1966) was a Soviet mathematician, philosopher and historian, specializing in the history of mathematics, mathematical logic, and philosophy of mathematics. She is best known for her efforts in restoring the research of mathematical logic in the Soviet Union and publishing and editing the mathematical works of Karl Marx.
Biography
editYanovskaya was born in Pruzhany, a town near Brest, to a Jewish family of accountant Alexander Neimark. From 1915 to 1918, she studied in a woman's college in Odessa,[1] when she became a communist. She worked as a party official until 1924, when she started teaching at the Institute of Red Professors. With exception of the war years (1941–1945), she worked at Moscow State University until retirement.
Engels had noted in his writings that Karl Marx had written some mathematics. Yanonskaya found Marx's ''Mathematical Manuscripts'' and she arranged for their first publication in 1933 in Russian.[2] She received her doctoral degree in 1935. Her work on Karl Marx's mathematical manuscripts began in 1930s and may have had some influence on the study of non-standard analysis in China.[3] In the academia she is most remembered now for her work on history and philosophy of mathematics, as well as for her influence on young generation of researchers. She persuaded Ludwig Wittgenstein when he was visiting Soviet Union in 1935 to give up his idea to relocate to the Soviet Union.[4][5] In 1968 Yanovskaya arranged for a better publication of Marx's work.[2]
Awards and honours
editFor her work, Yanovskaya received the Order of Lenin and other medals.
References
edit- ^ O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Sof'ja Aleksandrovna Janovskaja", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive, University of St Andrews
- ^ a b "Extra Vol. ICM III (1998)". Documenta Mathematica: 799–809.
- ^ J.W. Dauben, Marx, Mao and mathematics: the politics of infinitesimals, Proceedings of the International Congress of Mathematicians, Vol. III (Berlin, 1998), Doc. Math. 1998, Extra Vol. III, 799-809.
- ^ John Moran, Wittgenstein and Russia, New Left Review May–June 1972.
- ^ "Московские адреса Витгенштейна, или где собраться аналитическим философам?". HardProblem. Московский центр исследований сознания. 2016-12-11. Retrieved 2016-12-11.
Sources
edit- Irving Anellis (1987) "The heritage of S.A. Janovskaja". History and Philosophy of Logic 8: 45-56.
- B.A. Kushner (1996) "Sof'ja Aleksandrovna Janovskaja: a few reminiscences", Modern Logic 6: 67-72.
- V.A. Bazhanov (2002) Essays on the Social History of Logic in Russia. Simbirsk-Ulyanovsk. Chapter 5 (bibliography of S.A. Yanovskaya's works is presented here). (in Russian).
- B.V. Biryukov and L.G. Biryukova (2004) "Ludwig Wittgenstein and Sof'ya Aleksandrovna Yanovskaya. The 'Cambridge Genius' becomes acquainted with Soviet mathematicians in the 1930s" (in Russian). Logical Investigations. No. 11 (Russian), 46-94, Nauka, Moscow.
Further reading
edit- "Sof'ya Aleksandrovna Janovskaja", Biographies of Women Mathematicians, Agnes Scott College
- Remembrances and more remembrances of S.A. Yanovskaya, by Boris A. Kushner (in Russian).
- a review of Yanovskaya's Methodological problems in science monograph – an article by B.V. Biryukov and O.A. Borisova (in Russian).
- Bazhanov, Valentin (2001). "Restoration: S. A. Yanovskaya's path in logic" (PDF). History and Philosophy of Logic. 22 (3): 129–133. doi:10.1080/01445340210143530. MR 1934401. S2CID 171061558. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-07-19.
- 1965 Moscow Interview with Sofya Yanovskaya, Eugene Dynkin Collection of Mathematics Interviews, Cornell University Library (in Russian).
- Vadim Valilyev on the meeting between Ludwig Wittgenstein and Sophia Yanovskaya (in Russian).
- Trakhtenbrot, B. A. (1997). "In memory of S. A. Yanovskaya (1896–1966) on the centenary of her birth". Modern Logic. 7 (2): 160–187. MR 1748954.