Wawona (formerly Big Tree Station,[2] Clark's Station,[2] Clarks Station,[2] Wah-wo-nah,[2] and Clark's Ranch[5]) is a census-designated place[6] in Mariposa County, California, United States.[2] The population was 111 at the 2020 census.[3]
Wawona | |
|---|---|
 The Wawona Hotel | |
  Wawona  Wawona | |
| Coordinates: 37°32′13″N 119°39′23″W / 37.53694°N 119.65639°W | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |  California |
| County | Mariposa |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1.076 sq mi (2.79 km2) |
| • Land | 1.076 sq mi (2.79 km2) |
| • Water | 0 sq mi (0 km2) 0% |
| Elevation | 3,999 ft (1,219 m) |
| Population (2020)[3] | |
| • Total | 111 |
| • Density | 100/sq mi (40/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-8 (Pacific (PST)) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (PDT) |
| ZIP code | 95389 |
| Area code | 209 |
| GNIS feature IDs | 1652868,[2] 2583183[4] |
It is located entirely within Yosemite National Park, as it preceded the founding of the park as a national recreation area. The number of inhabitants increases dramatically during peak tourist seasons, due to the large number of rental cabins in the town. It is located at 37°32′13″N 119°39′23″W / 37.53694°N 119.65639°W,[2] 20 miles (32 km) north of Oakhurst and 26 miles (42 km) south of the center of Yosemite Valley, at an elevation of 3,999 feet (1,219 m).[2]
The ZIP Code is 95389. The community is inside area code 209.
History
editIt was known to the local Native American Miwok in their language as Pallachun ("a good place to stay").[7] The origin of the word Wawona is not known.[8][9][10] A popular story claims Wawō'na was the Miwok word for "big tree", or for "hoot of the owl", a bird considered the sequoia trees' spiritual guardian.[11]
Galen Clark, who helped gain preservation legislation for Mariposa Grove and what became Yosemite National Park, occupied this area in 1855. He established a tourist rest and modest ranch in 1856.[5] Clark sold the property to the Washburn brothers in 1874, who built a larger hotel in 1876, adding to it later. Hotel keeper Jean Bruce Washburn named the resort property Wawona in 1883.
Wawona is the location of the historic Wawona Hotel, built by Washburn in 1876, with additional structures added into the early 20th century. A classic Victorian resort, it was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987.[12]
The Clark's Station US Post Office opened in 1878. In 1883 its name was changed to Wawona.[5]
Geography
edit
The town is located in a large mid-elevation basin with Wawona Meadow as its centerpiece.[13] Situated in the southwest part of Yosemite National Park, it lies along the South Fork of the Merced River at an elevation of about 4,000 feet (1,200 m). The town is accessible via State Route 41, the main highway from Fresno to Yosemite Valley. Wawona is the closest town to Chilnualna Falls and the Mariposa Grove of Giant Sequoia. It also serves as the main gateway to the southern Yosemite wilderness, with several principal trailheads located here.[14]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Wawona CDP covers an area of 1.08 square miles (2.8 km2), all of it land.[1]
Demographics
editThe 2010 United States Census[15] reported that Wawona had a population of 169. The population density was 26.6 inhabitants per square mile (10.3/km2). The racial makeup of Wawona was 138 (81.7%) White, 2 (1.2%) African American, 3 (1.8%) Native American, 4 (2.4%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 8 (4.7%) from other races, and 14 (8.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 12 persons (7.1%).
The Census reported that 163 people (96.4% of the population) lived in households, 6 (3.6%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.
There were 71 households, out of which 16 (22.5%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 29 (40.8%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 3 (4.2%) had a female householder with no husband present, 4 (5.6%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 4 (5.6%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 2 (2.8%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 26 households (36.6%) were made up of individuals, and 2 (2.8%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30. There were 36 families (50.7% of all households); the average family size was 2.94.
The population was spread out, with 32 people (18.9%) under the age of 18, 10 people (5.9%) aged 18 to 24, 46 people (27.2%) aged 25 to 44, 66 people (39.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 15 people (8.9%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 141.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 149.1 males.
There were 370 housing units at an average density of 58.3 per square mile (22.5/km2), of which 22 (31.0%) were owner-occupied, and 49 (69.0%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 2.0%. 45 people (26.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 118 people (69.8%) lived in rental housing units.
Government
edit
In the state legislature, Wawona is in the 8th Senate District, represented by Democrat Angelique Ashby, and in the 5th Assembly District, represented by Republican Joe Patterson.[16]
In the United States House of Representatives, Wawona is in California's 5th congressional district, represented by Republican Tom McClintock.[17]
Attractions
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "2021 U.S. Gazetteer Files: California". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 27, 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Wawona". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ^ a b "P1. Race – Wawona CDP, California: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved July 27, 2022.
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Wawona Census Designated Place
- ^ a b c Durham, David L. (1998). California's Geographic Names: A Gazetteer of Historic and Modern Names of the State. Clovis, Calif.: Word Dancer Press. p. 844. ISBN 1-884995-14-4.
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Wawona, California
- ^ Towns:Wawona, Yosemite/Madera County Film Commission, accessed December 8, 2009
- ^ Farquhar, Francis P. "Place Names of the High Sierra". Yosemite Online. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
- ^ Kroeber, Alfred J. (1916). "California Place Names of Indian Origin". American Archaeology and Ethnology. 12 (2): 66. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
- ^ Clark, Galen (1904). Indians of the Yosemite Valley and Vicinity (1st ed.). Yosemite Valley, California. p. 109. Retrieved March 9, 2016.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "The old-fashioned charm of Wawona - Sacramento Recreation and Places to Visit - Sacramento, Gold Country, Lake Tahoe, San Francisco | Sacramento Bee". www.sacbee.com. Archived from the original on December 2, 2008.
- ^ "Wawona Hotel and Thomas Hill Studio". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. September 25, 2007. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved December 8, 2009.
- ^ "Yosemite Ranger Notes: Wawona Meadow". National Park Service. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
- ^ "Wawona". National Park Service. Retrieved July 11, 2024.
- ^ "2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - Wawona CDP". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
- ^ "Statewide Database". UC Regents. Retrieved December 7, 2014.
- ^ "California's 5th Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved February 22, 2023.