Parides sesostris

Emerald-patched cattleheart
	Underside
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Papilionidae
Genus:	Parides
Species:	P. sesostris
Binomial name
	Parides sesostris; (Cramer, 1779)
Synonyms
	Papilio sesostris Cramer, 1779; Papilio tullus Cramer, 1780; Papilio lycomes Gray [1853]; Papilio sesostrellana Kotzsch, 1934; Papilio sesostris ab. pseudozestos (R. Krüger, 1934);

Parides sesostris, the emerald-patched cattleheart or southern cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae.^[2]^[3]

Subspecies

Parides sesostris sesostris (Cramer, 1779) (Suriname to eastern Ecuador and south to northern Peru and Brazil)^[4]^[5]
Parides sesostris tarquinius (Boisduval, 1836) (Panama to western Ecuador and western Venezuela)^[4]
Parides sesostris trinitensis K. S. Brown, 1994 (Trinidad)^[4]
Parides sesostris zestos (Gray [1853]) (southeastern Mexico to Costa Rica, excluding El Salvador)^[2]^[3]^[4]
Parides sesostris zischkai (Forster, 1955) (Bolivia)^[4]

Description

Male P. s. zestos - Museo di Scienze Naturali Enrico Caffi

Parides sesostris has a wingspan reaching 100–110 millimetres (3.9–4.3 in). The head, the thorax and the abdomen are black. The basic color of the upperside of the forewings is black, with large green areas on the basal portion of the forewings. The underside of the forewings is dark brown. The underside of the hindwings is dark brown, with a chain of red spots on the outer edge. The hindwings are scalloped but they have no tails. The larvae feed on Aristolochia barbata, A. bicolor, A. grandiflora, A. sprucei, and A. trianae.^[4] It is not threatened.^[3]

Description from Seitz

P. sesostris. Forewing in the male with very large green area which touches the cell; hindwing either black or with a red spot before the hindmargin. Forewing of the female with at least two white spots; the red band on the hindwing generally broad. Scent-organ of the male with white wool, except at the base, which is black. Mexico to the Amazon, in three subspecies. — The northern form is zestos Gray (3a). The male has always a red spot on the hindwing. In the female the band on the upper surface of the hindwing is bright red. South Mexico to Costa Rica. — tarquinius Boisd. occurs from Panama to Ecuador and North Venezuela.The upper surface of the hindwing of the male has mostly a red spot as in zestos, but the band on the under face is more obliquely placed. In the female the second white spot on the forewing is somewhat larger than in zestos, and the band on the under surface of the hindwing is nearer to the cell. — sesostris Cr. (female = tullus Cr.) (2d) has very rarely a red spot on the upper surface of the hindwing of the male, and the spots on the under surface are placed somewhat nearer to the margin. In the female the two white spots on the forewing are widely separated from the cell. Orinoco; Guiana; Para to Peru; Bolivia; Goyaz.This species is a strong flier, which appears never to leave the woods.^[6]

Seitz P. sesostris sesostris

Description from Rothschild and Jordan(1906)

A full description is provided by Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906)^[7]

Distribution

This species is native to the Americas. It is widespread from Mexico until Brazil and Peru.

Taxonomy

Parides sesostris is a member of the sesostris species group^[8]

The members are

Parides childrenae
Parides sesostris

References

^ Cramer, P., 1775-1780. De Uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in der drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Afrika en America (etc). Amsterdam, Baalde & Utrecht, Parts 1-3.
^ ^a ^b Warren, A. D.; et al. (2010). "Parides sesostris". Butterflies of America. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c Collins, N. Mark; Morris, Michael G. (1985). "Parides sesostris (Cramer, 1779)". Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book. Gland & Cambridge: IUCN. p. 69. ISBN 978-2-88032-603-6 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Savela, Markku. "Parides sesostris". funet.fi. Retrieved 19 January 2011.
^ Lewis, H. L., 1974 Butterflies of the World ISBN 0-245-52097-X Page 26, figure 23, female
^ Jordan, K., in Seitz, A. ( 1907) . The Macrolepidoptera of the World. 5: The Macrolepidoptera of the American faunistic region. Papilionidae 1-45. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906). A revision of the American Papilios. Novitates Zoologicae 13: 411-752. (Facsimile edition ed. P.H. Arnaud, 1967) and online
^ Edwin Möhn, 2007 Butterflies of the World, Part 26: Papilionidae XIII. Parides Verlag Goecke & Evers Verlag Goecke & Evers ISBN 9783937783277

External links

Butterflycorner

Media related to Parides sesostris at Wikimedia Commons

[1] Cramer, P., 1775-1780. De Uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in der drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Afrika en America (etc). Amsterdam, Baalde & Utrecht, Parts 1-3.

[butterfliesofamerica-2] Warren, A. D.; et al. (2010). "Parides sesostris". Butterflies of America. Retrieved 19 January 2011.

[Threatened-3] Collins, N. Mark; Morris, Michael G. (1985). "Parides sesostris (Cramer, 1779)". Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book. Gland & Cambridge: IUCN. p. 69. ISBN 978-2-88032-603-6 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.

[funet-4] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Savela, Markku. "Parides sesostris". funet.fi. Retrieved 19 January 2011.

[5] Lewis, H. L., 1974 Butterflies of the World ISBN 0-245-52097-X Page 26, figure 23, female

[6] Jordan, K., in Seitz, A. ( 1907) . The Macrolepidoptera of the World. 5: The Macrolepidoptera of the American faunistic region. Papilionidae 1-45. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

[7] Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906). A revision of the American Papilios. Novitates Zoologicae 13: 411-752. (Facsimile edition ed. P.H. Arnaud, 1967) and online

[8] Edwin Möhn, 2007 Butterflies of the World, Part 26: Papilionidae XIII. Parides Verlag Goecke & Evers Verlag Goecke & Evers ISBN 9783937783277

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