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The Sri Lankan sloth bear (Melursus ursinus inornatus)[3] is a subspecies of the sloth bear which is found mainly in lowland dry forests in the island of Sri Lanka.
| Sri Lankan sloth bear | |
|---|---|
_male_1.jpg)
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| male in Yala National Park | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Carnivora |
| Family: | Ursidae |
| Genus: | Melursus |
| Species: | |
| Subspecies: | M. u. inornatus
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| Trinomial name | |
| Melursus ursinus inornatus Pucheran, 1855 [2]
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_male_head.jpg)
Ecology
editBeing omnivorous, it feeds on nuts, berries, and roots, as well as carrion and meat. One of its main staples is insects, which it removes from rotting stumps and trees with its long, hairless snout. Otherwise, it rarely kills animals.
Conservation status
editThe Sri Lankan sloth bear is highly threatened, with a population less than 1000 (the wild population may be as few as 500) in many isolated populations with population decrease. Destruction of dry-zone natural forest is its main threat because unlike other large Sri Lankan animals, the Sri Lankan sloth bear is highly dependent on natural forests for its food source. An increase in sloth bear-human interaction has also caused many conflicts.[4] These conflicts include death and injury to humans, livestock loss, damage to property, and retaliatory killing of wildlife causing humans to fear this species.[5]
Cultural significance
editIn its native habitat of Sri Lanka, this bear is called the walaha in Sinhalese and karadi in Tamil.[6] Both terms simply translate to "bear" in English.
See also
editReferences
edit
- ^ "Sri Lankan Red List of 2012" (PDF). cea.lk. Ministry of Environment (Sri Lanka).
- ^ Revue et Magasin de Zoologie [1855] 7 (3): 392 (J. Pucheran)
- ^ Pucheran, J., Revue et Magasin de Zoologie (in French), vol. 7, p. 392
- ^ Ratnayeke, Shyamala; Manen, Frank T. van; Pieris, Rohan; Pragash, V. S. J. (November 2007). "Landscape Characteristics of Sloth Bear Range in Sri Lanka". Ursus. 18 (2): 189–202. doi:10.2192/1537-6176(2007)18[189:LCOSBR]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 1537-6176. S2CID 56031159.
- ^ Debata, Subrat; Swain, Kedar Kumar; Sahu, Hemanta Kumar; Palei, Himanshu Shekhar (January 2017). "Human–sloth bear conflict in a human-dominated landscape of northern Odisha, India". Ursus. 27 (2): 90–98. doi:10.2192/URSUS-D-16-00007.1. ISSN 1537-6176. S2CID 151658191.
- ^ "International Animal Rescue: Saving animals from suffering around the world" (PDF). International Animal Rescue. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2009. Retrieved 28 November 2009.