The rufous-fronted babbler (Cyanoderma rufifrons) is a babbler species in the Old World babbler family. It occurs in the Eastern Himalayan foothills, Myanmar, Thailand, northern Indochina and south to the Malay Peninsula and the islands of Sumatra and Borneo. The buff-chested babbler is now subsumed into this species.
| Rufous-fronted babbler | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Timaliidae |
| Genus: | Cyanoderma |
| Species: | C. rufifrons
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| Binomial name | |
| Cyanoderma rufifrons (Hume, 1873)
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Taxonomy
editThe rufous-fronted babbler was formally described in 1873 by the English naturalist Allan Octavian Hume based on a specimen that had been collected by Eugene W. Oates on the western slopes of the Pegu Range of central Myanmar. Hume placed the specimen in the genus Stachyris and coined the binomial name Stachyris rufifrons.[2][3] The specific epithet rufifrons is modern Latin meaning "red-fronted", from Latin rufus meaning "red" or "rufous" and frons, frontis meaning "forehead" or "brow".[4] The rufous-fronted babbler is now one of seven babblers placed in the genus Cyanoderma that was first introduced in 1874 by the Italian zoologist Tommaso Salvadori.[5]
Nine subspecies are recognised:[5]
- C. r. ambiguum (Harington, 1915) – east Himalayas, northwest Myanmar and northeast India[6]
- C. r. planicola (Mayr, 1941) – northeast Myanmar and southwest China
- C. r. adjunctum (Deignan, 1939) – north, east Thailand and north Indochina
- C. r. insuspectum (Deignan, 1939) – south Laos
- C. r. pallescens Ticehurst, 1932 – west Myanmar
- C. r. rufifrons (Hume, 1873) – southeast Myanmar and west Thailand
- C. r. obscurum Baker, ECS, 1917 – south Myanmar and southwest Thailand
- C. r. poliogaster (Hume, 1880) – south Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and north, central Borneo
- C. r. sarawacense Chasen, 1939 – northwest Borneo
The first four subspecies on the above list (ambiguum, planicola, adjunctum and insuspectum) were formerly sometimes treated as a separate species, the buff-chested babbler (Cyanoderma ambiguum).[5][7]
The binomial name Stachyris rodolphei was proposed by Herbert Girton Deignan in 1939 for three babbler specimens collected at Doi Chiang Dao in Thailand. The name is now considered synonymous with the nominate subspecies C. r. rufifrons.[8]
Description
editIt is buff-brown with paler brown underparts and a dull rufous crown. Its upper wings, tail, supercilium and lores are whitish-grey. It is 12 cm (4.7 in) long and weighs 9–12 g (0.32–0.42 oz). Its song is a high-pitched tuh tuh-tuh-tuh-tuh-tuh.[9]
References
edit- ^ BirdLife International (2016). "Cyanoderma rufifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T103895265A94483478. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103895265A94483478.en. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
- ^ Hume, Allan Octavian (1873). "Novelties – Stachyris rufifrons, Nov. Sp". Stray Feathers. 1 (6): 479–480.
- ^ Mayr, Ernst; Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, eds. (1964). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 10. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 303.
- ^ Jobling, James A. "rufifrons". The Key to Scientific Names. Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
- ^ a b c Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Babblers & fulvettas". IOC World Bird List Version 14.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 9 November 2024.
- ^ Harington, H.H. (1914). "Notes on the Indian Timeliides and their allies (laughing thrushes, babblers, &c.) Part IV. Family Timeliidæ". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 23: 614-657 [628, 631].
- ^ Clements, J.F.; Rasmussen, P.C.; Schulenberg, T.S.; Iliff, M.J.; Fredericks, T.A.; Gerbracht, J.A.; Lepage, D.; Spencer, A.; Billerman, S.M.; Sullivan, B.L.; Smith, M.; Wood, C.L. (2024). "The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2024". Retrieved 26 October 2024.
- ^ Collar, N. J. (2006). "A partial revision of the Asian babblers (Timaliidae)" (PDF). Forktail (22): 85–112 [106-107].
- ^ Collar, N.; Robson, C.; Kirwan, G.M.; Boesman, P.F.D. (2024). Keeney, B.K.; Billerman, S.M. (eds.). "Rufous-fronted Babbler (Cyanoderma rufifrons), version 2.1". Birds of the World. Ithaca, NY, USA: Cornell Lab of Ornithology. Retrieved 9 November 2024.