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Stephen Macknik

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Stephen Louis Macknik (/ˈmæknɪk/ MAK-nik;[1] born August 9, 1968) is an American neuroscientist and science writer. He is a Professor of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Physiology & Pharmacology[2] at the State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, where he directs the Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience. He directed laboratories previously at the Barrow Neurological Institute and University College London. He is best known for his studies[3] on illusions, consciousness, attentional misdirection in stage magic, and cerebral blood flow.

Stephen Macknik
Stephen Macknik in 2018
Born
Stephen Louis Macknik

August 9, 1968
Dayton, Ohio
NationalityAmerican
Alma materHarvard University
Known forIllusions, art and visual perception, attention and awareness, Books: Sleights of Mind
AwardsEmpire Innovator Scholar
Scientific career
FieldsNeuroscience, science writing
InstitutionsHarvard University, University College London, Barrow Neurological Institute, State University of New York
Doctoral advisorMargaret Livingstone

Macknik is a founding member of the Neural Correlate Society.[4] He serves on the Advisory Board of Scientific American: Mind, and on the Leadership Team of the Center for Emergency Management and Homeland Security at Arizona State University.

Biography

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Early life and education

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Stephen Macknik was born in 1968 in Dayton, Ohio, to an astrophysicist father and physical therapist mother. He grew up in Maui, Hawaii. Macknik completed a triple-major in Psychobiology, Biology, and Psychology at the University of California, Santa Cruz in 1991. Thereafter, he completed his PhD in Neurobiology at Harvard University in 1996,[5] under the supervision of Prof. Margaret Livingstone. He received his postdoctoral training from the Nobel Laureate Prof. David Hubel at Harvard Medical School,[6] from 1996 to 2001.

Career

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In 2001, Macknik moved to the United Kingdom, as a Lecturer in Ophthalmology and laboratory director at University College London. In 2004, he returned to the United States as an Assistant Professor, and later, Associate Professor, at the Barrow Neurological Institute in Phoenix, Arizona, where he directed the Laboratory of Behavioral Neurophysiology. In 2014, he moved to Brooklyn, NY, as Professor of Ophthalmology, Neurology, and Physiology & Pharmacology at SUNY Downstate Medical Center,[7] where he directs the Laboratory of Translational Neuroscience. He serves on the editorial board of the scientific journal PeerJ.[8]

Awards and recognition

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Macknik has received a number of awards, honoring his scientific work and his neuroscience outreach to the general public. Some of his awards include:

  • The Empire Innovator Award from the State of New York.[9]
  • The Research Initiative Award, from the American Epilepsy Society (2013)[10]
  • The EyeTrack Award, a global science prize given annually to a single cutting-edge publication in eye movement research, for his work with Parkinsonian patients.[11]

Macknik's research has been featured in print in The New York Times,[12] The New Yorker,[13] The Wall Street Journal,[14][15] The Atlantic,[16] Wired, The LA Chronicle, The Times (London), The Chicago Tribune,[17] The Boston Globe,[18] Der Spiegel, etc., and in radio and TV shows, including Discovery Channel's Head Games and Daily Planet shows, NOVA: scienceNow,[19] CBS Sunday Morning,[20] NPR's Science Friday,[21] and PRI's The World.[22]

Personal life

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Macknik is married to fellow neuroscientist and frequent collaborator Susana Martinez-Conde,[23] who is also a professor and laboratory director at SUNY Downstate Medical Center. They have three children and live in Brooklyn, New York.

Scientific research

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Illusions

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Macknik’s research focuses on the neural bases of perceptual and cognitive illusions.[24] He has studied visual masking illusions, the wakes and spokes illusion, and various illusions in stage magic. He writes the Illusions column for Scientific American: Mind.

Attention and awareness

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Macknik studies the neural bases of attention and visual awareness.[25] His research on visual awareness has concentrated on visual masking, and attentional misdirection in stage magic.

Neuromagic

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Macknik and Martinez-Conde have pioneered the study of stage magic techniques from a neuroscience perspective. They have proposed that neuroscientists and magicians share many overlapping interests, and that both disciplines should collaborate with one another to mutual advantage. Macknik and Martinez-Conde are credited with founding the discipline of Neuromagic[26] as an area of scientific study devoted to unveiling the neural mechanisms underlying the perception of magic. Martinez-Conde and Macknik coined the term "Neuromagic" in a 2008 Scientific American article.[27] They have conducted research in collaboration with many renowned magicians, including Teller from Penn & Teller, Mac King, James Randi, and Apollo Robbins. Macknik and Martinez-Conde’s neuromagic research is the focus of their award-winning book and international bestseller Sleights of Mind.

Cerebral blood flow and neurological disease

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Sleights of Mind: What the Neuroscience of Magic Reveals About our Everyday Deceptions

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Macknik's book Sleights of Mind,[28] co-written with Susana Martinez-Conde and Sandra Blakeslee, is an international bestseller published in 19 languages. In the New York Times Sunday Book Review, J.J. Abrams described Sleights of Mind as one of his favorite books and "a very cool read."[29] Sleights of Mind was listed as one of the 36 Best Books of the year by The Evening Standard, London, and received the Prisma Prize to the Best Science Book of the year.

Champions of Illusion

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Macknik and Martinez-Conde's 2017 book, Champions of Illusion,[30][31] will be published by Scientific American/Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

 
Stephen at conference In conversation with Susan Martinez-Conde

Illusions Column in Scientific American: Mind

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Macknik and Martinez-Conde write a regular column for Scientific American: MIND[32] on the neuroscience and perception of illusions. Their collected articles were published in two Scientific American special issues, in 2010 and 2013.

Illusion Chasers blog

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Macknik and Martinez-Conde write the Illusion Chasers[33] blog, on "Illusions, Delusions, and Everyday Deceptions,"[33] for the Scientific American Blog Network.

Other writing

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Macknik has written for The Times, Odyssey, Muse,[34] and Scientific American.[35]

  •  
    Main photo 2018
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    Main photo 2018 cropped
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    2018 In conversation with Susan Martinez-Conde

References

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  1. ^ "Making Neurological Magic Stephen Macknik and Susana Martinez Conde". YouTube. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  2. ^ "Department of Ophthalmology Faculty – Stephen L. Macknik, PhD". www.downstate.edu.
  3. ^ "Stephen Macknik on Google Scholar". Retrieved March 12, 2015.
  4. ^ "About the Neural Correlate Society (NCS)". 8 September 2009. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
  5. ^ "Division of Medical Sciences". www.hms.harvard.edu.
  6. ^ "Stephen Macknik, PhD '86, Neuroscientist". Seabury Hall. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  7. ^ "Faculty Profile, SUNY Downstate". Retrieved March 12, 2015.
  8. ^ "PeerJ - Academic Editors". peerj.com.
  9. ^ "SUNY Downstate Faculty Profile mentioning Empire Innovator Award". Retrieved March 12, 2015.
  10. ^ "2013 Established Investigator Award Recipients". American Epilepsy Society. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  11. ^ "The EyeTrack Award". 12 September 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
  12. ^ Carey, Benedict (11 August 2008). "Scientists and Magicians Describe How Tricks Exploit Glitches in Perception". The New York Times.
  13. ^ Green, Adam (31 December 2012). "A Pickpocket's Tale". The New Yorker – via www.newyorker.com.
  14. ^ "Eye-Twitching Might Be Necessary for Seeing". Wall Street Journal. 17 July 2007.
  15. ^ "Informed Reader". Wall Street Journal. 18 July 2007 – via www.wsj.com.
  16. ^ Romm, Cari (13 February 2015). "How Magicians Fool Your Brain". The Atlantic.
  17. ^ Mitchum, Robert (10 March 2009). "Science's new bag of tricks". chicagotribune.com.
  18. ^ Bennett, Drake. "How magicians control your mind". Boston.com – via The Boston Globe.
  19. ^ "NOVA scienceNOW: How Does The Brain Work?". KPBS Public Media. 31 January 2011.
  20. ^ "The Science of Magic: Not Just Hocus-Pocus". www.cbsnews.com. November 1, 2009.
  21. ^ "The Science Behind Sleight Of Hand". NPR.org.
  22. ^ Chatterjee, Rhitu (29 December 2010). "Learning about the brain with magic". Public Radio International. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  23. ^ "When scientists are mad about each other. Scientific American". Scientific American. Retrieved March 12, 2015.
  24. ^ Martinez-Conde, Susana; Thompson, John; Teller; Robbins, Apollo; Randi, James; King, Mac; Macknik, Stephen L. (1 November 2008). "Attention and awareness in stage magic: turning tricks into research". Nature Reviews Neuroscience. 9 (11): 871–879. doi:10.1038/nrn2473. PMID 18949833. S2CID 1826552.
  25. ^ Tse PU, Martinez-Conde S, Schlegel AA, Macknik SL (2005). "Visibility, visual awareness, and visual masking of simple unattended targets are confined to areas in the occipital cortex beyond human V1/V2". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (47): 17178–83. Bibcode:2005PNAS..10217178T. doi:10.1073/pnas.0508010102. PMC 1282175. PMID 16282374.
  26. ^ "Susana Martinez-Conde, Ph.D." ScienceWriters. Archived from the original on 9 April 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  27. ^ "Magic and Your Brain. Scientific American" (PDF). Retrieved March 12, 2015.
  28. ^ "Sleights of Mind - What the Neuroscience of Magic Reveals About Our Everyday Deceptions".
  29. ^ "J. J. Abrams: By the Book". The New York Times. 24 October 2013 – via NYTimes.com.
  30. ^ Martinez-Conde, Stephen L. Macknik,Susana. "Best Illusions of the Year". Scientific American. doi:10.1038/scientificamericanmind0514-66.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  31. ^ Martinez-Conde, Susana; Macknik, Stephen L. (October 2017). Champions of Illusion: The Best Illusions of the Twenty-First Century. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 9780374120405. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  32. ^ "Magazine". Scientific American.
  33. ^ a b "Illusion Chasers". Scientific American Blog Network.
  34. ^ Macknik, Stephen L.; Martinez-Conde, Susana (April 2011). "Mind Over Magic" (PDF). Muse. Vol. 15, no. 4. pp. 7–14. Retrieved 2 September 2021.
  35. ^ "Stories by Stephen L. Macknik". Scientific American.
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