Susan Dimock (April 24, 1847 – May 7, 1875) was an American physician who earned her medical degree from the University of Zurich in 1871 and was subsequently appointed resident physician of the New England Hospital for Women and Children in 1872. The hospital, now known as the Dimock Community Health Center, was renamed in her honor after her death in the shipwreck of the SS Schiller in 1875.
Susan Dimock | |
|---|---|
 Tintype photograph of Susan Dimock. | |
| Born | April 24, 1847 |
| Died | May 7, 1875 (aged 28) |
| Cause of death | Shipwreck of the SS Schiller |
| Education | University of Zurich, 1871 |
| Occupation | Physician |
Dimock is also remembered for becoming the first woman member of the North Carolina Medical Society.
Early life and education
editSusan Dimock was born on April 24, 1847 in Washington, North Carolina, the daughter of Henry Dimock and Mary Malvina Dimock (née Owens). She was a descendent of Thomas Dimock, who emigrated from England to Dorchester, Massachusetts in 1637 and later resettled in Barnstable, Massachusetts. Susan Dimock was a distant cousin of Ira Dimock (1827–1917), a silk manufacturer, and was also related to Henry F. Dimock, a New York City attorney associated with the Whitney family. Dimock's father, who was a native of Limington, Maine, was appointed headmaster of Roxbury High School in 1831, and was entirely self-educated. Later, he moved to North Carolina, where he taught school, studied law, was admitted to the bar association, and served as editor of the North State Whig. Dimock's mother was also a schoolteacher and supplemented their income by managing a hotel.[1]
After her father died in 1863, Susan Dimock was homeschooled by her mother. At the close of the American Civil War, she moved with her mother to Sterling, Massachusetts, where she attended a girls' school and undertook an ambitious reading of every medical textbook she could borrow. In the fall of 1865, she taught school at Hopkinton, Massachusetts.
On January 10, 1866, Dimock entered the New England Hospital for Women and Children, where she began to learn medicine by close observation in the wards and dispensary. She was also permitted to attend clinical rounds at Massachusetts General Hospital, and those of the Eye and Ear Infirmary.[1]
Career
editWhen her application to Harvard Medical School was rejected, Dimock applied to medical schools in Europe and was admitted to the University of Zurich in Switzerland in 1868. She graduated with high honors in 1871 and her thesis was published the same year. During the final years of her studies, she lived with the family of her friend, fellow physician Marie Heim-Vögtlin, where she was reportedly very happy.[2]
Despite her unstable financial situation, Dimock decided to go to Vienna with fellow Zurich medical graduate Marie Bokowa for a few months, where she met Auguste Forel and C. E. Hoestermann. Dimock, Bokowa, Forel, and Hoestermann called themselves the Wiener Quartett (Vienna quartet) and planned on meeting again in July 1875 in Zurich.[3] After her clinical studies in Vienna and Paris, Dimock returned to the United States.
As the all-male North Carolina Medical Society would only grant her honorary membership, Dimock rejoined the New England Hospital for Women and Children, where she was appointed resident physician on August 20, 1872. She greatly improved and increased the service of the hospital, in the course of which she opened the first graded school of nursing in the United States on September 1, 1872. She worked as a surgeon, developed a private practice in obstetrics and gynecology, and performed a number of important surgical operations, a number of which were mentioned in contemporary medical journals.[1]
Death and legacy
editIn May 1875, Dimock and two of her closest friends, Caroline Crane and Elizabeth "Bessie" Greene (daughter of reformer William Batchelder Greene), boarded the iron steamship SS Schiller, bound from New York to Plymouth and Hamburg. On 7 May 1875, Dimock, Greene, and Crane were among the 336 people who lost their lives when the SS Schiller hit the Retarrier Ledges off the Isles of Scilly near the Bishop Rock lighthouse in heavy fog.[1] Dimock was 28 years old at the time of her death.
Her gravestone at Forest Hills Cemetery, Boston, reads: "Susan Dimock. Surgeon and physician to the New England Hospital for Women and Children. Lost in the steamer Schiller on the Scilly rocks. May 8 [sic], 1875".
"At the time of her death, her loss was considered irreparable, as there were few, if any, among her sex endowed with the skill and qualified by the requisite training to take her place." - The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography, XIX:30 (1926)
In 1939, the North Carolina Department of Conservation and Development erected a historic marker in her honor. In 1996, the original marble gravestone was moved from Boston to St. Peter's Episcopal Church cemetery in Washington, North Carolina, because a group in Boston decided to replace it with a granite replica.[citation needed]
The New England Hospital for Women and Children, where Susan Dimock trained and worked, now bears her name as the Dimock Center, a multiservice agency including Dimock Community Health Center, behavioral health residential programs, and child and family services.[4][5]
See also
edit- Sophia Jex-Blake
- Elizabeth Blackwell
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson
- Linda Richards, America's first trained nurse, trained by Dimock at New England Hospital for Women and Children
References
edit- ^ a b c d The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography, Vol. XIX, p. 30. New York: James T. White & Company, 1926.
- ^ Müller, Verena E. (2008). Marie Heim-Vögtlin – die erste Schweizer Ärztin (1845–1916): Ein Leben zwischen Tradition und Aufbruch (in German) (2nd ed.). hier+jetzt Verlag; ISBN 978-3-03919-061-4, p. 155
- ^ Hans H. Walser (ed.) (1968). August Forel: Briefe. Correspondance 1864 - 1927 (in German, partly French). Verlag Hans Huber, Bern, pp. 82, 85, 487
- ^ "Our Rich History | The Dimock Center". dimock.org. Archived from the original on 2018-01-02.
- ^ "Dr. Susan Dimock Begins Medical Residency".
External links
edit- Gravestone of Dr. Susan Dimock
- Mass Moments - Dr Susan Dimock begins residency, August 20th 1872
- Susan Dimock M.D.
- 1875 Memoir of Susan Dimock reviewed by Cabinet of Art and Medicine.
- Ueber die verschiedenen formen des puerperalfiebers : Nach Beobachtungen in der Züricher Gebäranstalt. Thesis (Dr. med.)--Universität Zürich, 1871. Archived 2013-02-26 at the Wayback Machine
- Harvard University. Corporation. Committee on Admitting Women to the Medical School. Report 1867. Mar 23. HUA. Call no HUG 4823.72
- Transactions of the Nineteenth Annual Meeting of the Medical Society of the State of North Carolina, held at New Bern, N.C., May 1872, pp. 10-12
- Memoir of Susan Dimock : resident physician of the New England Hospital for Women and Children. Boston : [Press of J. Wilson], 1875.
- Forel, Auguste (1875-08-18). "Une victime du naufrage du SCHILLER". Gazette de Lausanne (in Swiss French). No. 104. pp. 1–2. Retrieved 2024-07-14 – via Le Temps Archives.
- Wilson, Susan (2023). Women and Children First: The Trailblazing Life of Susan Dimock, MD. Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Co. ISBN 978-1-4766-9248-7. Retrieved 1 September 2024.