Swimming at the 2020 Summer Olympics
The swimming competitions at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo were due to take place from 25 July to 6 August 2020 at the Olympic Aquatics Centre. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the games were postponed to 2021. However, their official name remained 2020 Summer Olympics with swimming events set for 24 July–1 August 2021[1] and marathon swimming set for 4–5 August 2021.[2]
| Swimming at the Games of the XXXII Olympiad | |
|---|---|
 ,_Tokyo_2020.svg) Pictograms for Swimming (left) and Marathon Swimming (right) | |
| Venue | Tokyo Aquatics Centre (pool) Odaiba Marine Park (open water) |
| Dates | 24 July – 1 August 2021 4–5 August 2021 (Marathon) |
| No. of events | 37 |
| Competitors | 1000 |
Swimming featured a record total of 37 events (18 for each gender and 1 mixed), with the addition of the men's 800 m freestyle, women's 1500 m freestyle, and the mixed 4 × 100 m medley relay.
Events
editSwimming at the 2020 Olympics featured a total of 37 events (18 each for men and women and 1 mixed event), including two 10 km open-water marathons. This was a slight increase from the 34 events contested in the previous Olympic Games. The following events were contested (all pool events are long course, and distances are in meters unless stated):
- Freestyle: 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1,500;
- Backstroke: 100 and 200;
- Breaststroke: 100 and 200;
- Butterfly: 100 and 200;
- Individual medley: 200 and 400;
- Relays: 4 × 100 free, 4 × 200 free; 4 × 100 medley (men's, women's, and mixed)
- Marathon: 10 kilometres
Schedule
editUnlike the previous Olympics, swimming program schedule occurred in two segments. For the pool events, similar to the case of the 2008 Games, prelims were held in the evening, with semifinals and final in the following morning session, spanning a day between semifinals and finals in those events with semifinals. The shift of the normal morning prelims and evening finals (to evening prelims and morning finals) occurred for these Games due to the prior request made by US broadcaster NBC (due to the substantial fees NBC has paid for rights to the Olympics, the IOC has allowed NBC to have influence on event scheduling to maximize U.S. television ratings when possible; NBC agreed to a $7.75 billion contract extension on May 7, 2014, to air the Olympics through the 2032 games[3] and is also one of the major sources of revenue for the IOC),[4] so that the finals from the event could be shown live in the United States.[5][6]
| H | Heats | ½ | Semi-finals | F | Final |
M = Morning session, starting at 10:30 local time (01:30 UTC).
E = Evening session, starting at 19:00 local time (10:00 UTC).
| Date → | Jul 24 | Jul 25 | Jul 26 | Jul 27 | Jul 28 | Jul 29 | Jul 30 | Jul 31 | Aug 1 | Aug 5 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Event ↓ | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E |
| 50 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 100 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 200 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 400 m freestyle | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 800 m freestyle | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1500 m freestyle | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 100 m backstroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 200 m backstroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 100 m breaststroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 200 m breaststroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 100 m butterfly | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 200 m butterfly | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 200 m individual medley | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 400 m individual medley | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 4 × 100 m freestyle relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 4 × 200 m freestyle relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 4 × 100 m medley relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 10 km open water | F | |||||||||||||||||||
| Date → | Jul 24 | Jul 25 | Jul 26 | Jul 27 | Jul 28 | Jul 29 | Jul 30 | Jul 31 | Aug 1 | Aug 4 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Event ↓ | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E |
| 50 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 100 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 200 m freestyle | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 400 m freestyle | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 800 m freestyle | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1500 m freestyle | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 100 m backstroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 200 m backstroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 100 m breaststroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 200 m breaststroke | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 100 m butterfly | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 200 m butterfly | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 200 m individual medley | H | ½ | F | |||||||||||||||||
| 400 m individual medley | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 4 × 100 m freestyle relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 4 × 200 m freestyle relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 4 × 100 m medley relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
| 10 km open water | F | |||||||||||||||||||
| Date → | Jul 24 | Jul 25 | Jul 26 | Jul 27 | Jul 28 | Jul 29 | Jul 30 | Jul 31 | Aug 1 | Aug 4 | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Event ↓ | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E | M | E |
| 4 × 100 m medley relay | H | F | ||||||||||||||||||
Qualification
editSwimming – individual events
editFINA establishes qualifying times for individual events. The time standards consisted of two types: an "Olympic Qualifying Time" (OQT) and an "Olympic Selection time" (OST). Each country was able to enter up to two swimmers per event, provided both swimmers met the (faster) qualifying time. A country was able to enter one swimmer per event that met the invitation standard. Any swimmer who met the "qualifying" time was entered in the event for the Games; a swimmer meeting the "invitation" standard was eligible for entry, and their entry was allotted/filled in by ranking. If a country has no swimmers who meet either of the qualifying standards, it may have entered one male and one female. A country that did not receive an allocation spot but had at least one swimmer who met a qualifying standard might have entered the swimmer with the highest ranking.[10]
Swimming – relay events
editEach relay event features 16 teams, composed of:[10]
- 12 teams including the top-12 finishers at the 2019 World Championships in each relay event.
- 4 teams including the 4 fastest non-qualified teams, based on times in the 15-months preceding the Olympics.
Open-water swimming
editThe men's and women's 10 km races featured 25 swimmers:[10]
- 10: the top-10 finishers in the 10 km races at the 2019 World Championships
- 9: the top-9 finishers at the 2020 Olympic Marathon Swim Qualifier
- 5: one representative from each FINA continent (Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, and Oceania).
- 1: from the host nation (Japan) if not qualified by other means. If Japan already contained a qualifier in the race, this spot had been allocated back into the general pool from the 2020 Olympic qualifier race.
Medal summary
editMedal table
edit* Host nation (Japan)
| Rank | NOC | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  United States | 11 | 10 | 9 | 30 |
| 2 |  Australia | 9 | 3 | 9 | 21 |
| 3 |  Great Britain | 4 | 3 | 1 | 8 |
| 4 |  China | 3 | 2 | 1 | 6 |
| 5 |  ROC | 2 | 2 | 1 | 5 |
| 6 |  Japan* | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 7 |  Canada | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 |
| 8 |  Hungary | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 |
| 9 |  South Africa | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 10 |  Brazil | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
 Germany | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | |
| 12 |  Tunisia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 13 |  Netherlands | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 14 |  Italy | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 |
| 15 |  Hong Kong | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 16 |  Ukraine | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 17 |  France | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
 Sweden | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
| 19 |  Switzerland | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 20 |  Denmark | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Finland | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
| Totals (21 entries) | 37 | 37 | 37 | 111 | |
Men's events
edit
a Swimmers who participated in the heats only and received medals.
Women's events
edit
b Swimmers who participated in the heats only and received medals.
Mixed events
edit| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4 × 100 m medley relay |
Great Britain Kathleen Dawson (58.80) Adam Peaty (56.78) James Guy (50.00) Anna Hopkin (52.00) Freya Anderson[c] |
3:37.58 WR | China Xu Jiayu (52.56) Yan Zibei (58.11) Zhang Yufei (55.48) Yang Junxuan (52.71) |
3:38.86 | Australia Kaylee McKeown (58.14) Zac Stubblety-Cook (58.82) Matthew Temple (50.26) Emma McKeon (51.73) Bronte Campbell[c] Isaac Cooper[c] Brianna Throssell[c] |
3:38.95 |
|
AF African Record | AM Americas Record | SA South American Record | AS Asian Record | ER European Record | OC Oceanian Record | OR Olympic Record | WJR World Junior Record | WR World Record | ||||||
c Swimmers who participated in the heats only and received medals.
Records broken
editMen
editWomen
editMixed
edit| Event | Round | Swimmer | Team | Time | Date | Record | Day |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mixed 4 × 100 metre medley relay | Heat 1 |
|
Great Britain |
3:38.75 | 29 July | OR | 6 |
| Mixed 4 × 100 metre medley relay | Final |
|
Great Britain |
3:37.58 | 31 July | WR | 8 |
- All world records (WR) are consequently Olympic records (OR).
Chinese swimming team doping allegation
editOn 20 April 2024, The New York Times revealed that 23 members of the Chinese swimming team tested positive for a performance-enhancing drug called Trimetazidine seven months prior to the start of the games and were allowed to participate in the games with some of the swimmers winning medals. Following the publication of the report, Travis Tygart, CEO of the United States Anti-Doping Agency, accused the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and the China Anti-Doping Agency (CHINADA) of covering up doping by Chinese swimmers.[13]
In response to Tygart's comments, WADA stated that it “stands by the results of its rigorous scientific investigation” into the case and was “astonished by the outrageous, completely false and defamatory remarks while CHINADA stated that the reports were misleading and that the doping tests they conducted only found that the swimmers had only tested extremely low concentration of Trimetazidine which was due to contamination at the hotel they were residing at that time," although any amount of the substance constitutes a ban.
In a second statement, Tygart accused both WADA and the CHINADA for not being transparent about the findings and keeping "clean athletes in the dark". WADA was alleged to have a double-standard as Russian figure skater Kamila Valieva tested positive for TMZ and used the same excuse, but was banned for four years following a two-year long investigation. However, WADA argued that contamination was not possible in Valieva's case based on the pharmacokinetic data. In contrast, according to WADA, in the case of the Chinese swimmers, several factors pointed towards contamination rather than deliberate doping. These include the lack of international competition at the time, only athletes from one hotel testing positive, inconsistencies in test results for the same athletes over short periods (some testing negative, then positive, then negative again), and the very low levels of the substance detected.[14]
On 25 April 2024, WADA announced that Eric Cottier, a Swiss attorney, would launch an independent investigation into the matter, which also drew criticism since he was hand-picked by WADA.[15] In May 2024, WADA announced that it hold an extraordinary meeting to discuss the doping case of the Chinese swimmers.[16][17] On 9 July 2024, Cottier published his report concluding that WADA had showed no bias towards China. He found the decision not to appeal was "reasonable, both from the point of view of the facts and the applicable rules". WADA President Witold Bańka welcomed the report, stating that it confirmed WADA's actions were fair and justified, highlighting the importance of clarifying these issues before the Paris 2024 Olympics.[18]
See also
edit- Artistic swimming at the 2020 Summer Olympics
- Swimming at the 2018 Asian Games
- Swimming at the 2018 Commonwealth Games
- Swimming at the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics
- Swimming at the 2019 African Games
- Swimming at the 2019 Pacific Games
- Swimming at the 2019 Pan American Games
- Swimming at the 2020 Summer Paralympics
References
edit- ^ "Olympedia – Swimming at the 2020 Summer Olympics". www.olympedia.org. Retrieved 17 December 2023.
- ^ McCurry, Justin; Ingle, Sean (24 March 2020). "Tokyo Olympics postponed to 2021 due to coronavirus pandemic". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
- ^ "Olympics on NBC through 2032". USA Today. Gannett Company. 7 May 2014.
- ^ "Fewer Russians Could Be a Windfall for U.S. Olympic Business". The New York Times. 7 December 2017. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
- ^ a b c d "Tokyo 2020 Aquatics To Have Morning Olympic Finals". Swimming World Magazine. 13 September 2018. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
- ^ Longman, Jeré (12 February 2018). "For Olympic Figure Skaters, a New Meaning to Morning Routine". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 16 February 2018. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
- ^ a b c "Schedule - Swimming Tokyo 2020 Olympics". Olympian Database. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ^ a b c "Swimming Competition Schedule". Tokyo 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ^ a b "Marathon Swimming Competition Schedule". Tokyo 2020. Retrieved 16 March 2020.
- ^ a b c Qualification System – Games of the XXXII Olympia – Tokyo 2020; FINA, 19 March 2018.
- ^ "Swimming - Final Results". Tokyo 2020. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- ^ "Swimming - Women's 100m Breaststroke Heat 5 Results". Tokyo 2020. Archived from the original on 27 July 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2021.
- ^ Mann, Brian (22 April 2024). "'Ban them all.' With Paris Games looming, Chinese doping scandal rocks Olympic sport". NPR. Archived from the original on 22 April 2024. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
- ^ "WADA publishes Fact Sheet/Frequently Asked Questions in relation to contamination case involving swimmers from China". World Anti Doping Agency. 29 April 2024. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
- ^ Auerbach, Nicole. "Chinese doping scandal roils Olympic swimming: The latest, and what it means for Paris". The Athletic. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 25 May 2024.
- ^ McCarthy, Simone (21 April 2024). "World Anti-Doping Agency defends handling of elite Chinese swimmers who tested positive for banned drug". CNN. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ "Wada calls extraordinary meeting over China swimmers". BBC. 14 May 2024. Retrieved 16 May 2024.
- ^ "Independent Prosecutor concludes WADA showed no bias towards China and decision not to appeal Chinese swimming cases was 'indisputably reasonable'". World Anti Doping Agency. 9 July 2024. Retrieved 7 August 2024.
External links
edit- Results book – Swimming Archived 7 August 2021 at the Wayback Machine
- Results book – Marathon Swimming Archived 9 October 2021 at the Wayback Machine