Türi is a town in Järva County, Estonia. It is the administrative centre of Türi Parish.[3] Since 2000, Türi is known as the "spring capital" of Estonia.[4][5] It has a railway station on the Tallinn - Viljandi railway line operated by Elron (rail transit).
Türi | |
|---|---|
 | |
  Türi | |
| Coordinates: 58°48′34″N 25°25′45″E / 58.80944°N 25.42917°E | |
| Country |  Estonia |
| County | Järva County |
| Municipality | Türi Parish |
| Town status | 1926 |
| Area | |
• Total | 9.79 km2 (3.78 sq mi) |
| Population (2018)[2] | |
• Total | 5,064 |
| • Rank | 24th |
| • Density | 520/km2 (1,300/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
History
edit- 1347 Türi first mentioned in historical records by the German language name of Turgel
- 1687 The establishment of the first school
- 1900 Railway traffic (Viljandi–Tallinn, Türi–Paide) opened
- 1917 Türi gains the rights of a market town
- 1924 The first secondary education institution in Türi opened – Türi Horticultural Gymnasium
- 1926 The rights of a town given to Türi
- 1937 Erection of a 197 m-tall (646 ft) radio mast. The mast was blown up by Soviet Union forces in 1941
- 1950 - 1959 Türi - the centre of Türi County.
- 1995 Türi Museum opened.
- 1997 Türi College of the University of Tartu for environmental science studies opened
- 2000 Türi declared the Spring Capital of Estonia by Mart Laar, the prime minister of Estonia
- 2005 Türi became the administrative centre of newly formed Türi Parish.
Demographics
edit| Ethnicity | 1922[6] | 1934[7] | 1941[8] | 1959[9] | 1970[10] | 1979[11] | 1989[11] | 2000[12] | 2011[13] | 2021[14] | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | amount | % | |
| Estonians | 2011 | 95.8 | 2826 | 97.3 | 2819 | 98.9 | 4958 | 88.1 | 5482 | 87.4 | 5989 | 90.4 | 6236 | 90.9 | 5885 | 93.1 | 5125 | 94.7 | 4839 | 94.3 |
| Russians | 10 | 0.48 | 21 | 0.72 | 6 | 0.21 | - | - | 385 | 6.14 | 397 | 5.99 | 316 | 4.61 | 229 | 3.62 | 137 | 2.53 | 122 | 2.38 |
| Ukrainians | - | - | 0 | 0.00 | - | - | - | - | 90 | 1.43 | 66 | 1.00 | 136 | 1.98 | 87 | 1.38 | 68 | 1.26 | 69 | 1.35 |
| Belarusians | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 18 | 0.29 | 14 | 0.21 | 11 | 0.16 | 6 | 0.09 | 4 | 0.07 | 5 | 0.10 |
| Finns | - | - | 3 | 0.10 | 0 | 0.00 | - | - | 69 | 1.10 | 68 | 1.03 | 73 | 1.06 | 57 | 0.90 | 31 | 0.57 | 30 | 0.58 |
| Jews | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 0.07 | 0 | 0.00 | - | - | 5 | 0.08 | 8 | 0.12 | 2 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Latvians | - | - | 3 | 0.10 | 2 | 0.07 | - | - | 7 | 0.11 | 8 | 0.12 | 4 | 0.06 | 5 | 0.08 | 5 | 0.09 | 12 | 0.23 |
| Germans | 38 | 1.81 | 24 | 0.83 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 56 | 0.85 | 47 | 0.68 | 17 | 0.27 | 9 | 0.17 | 8 | 0.16 |
| Tatars | - | - | 0 | 0.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | 2 | 0.03 | 2 | 0.03 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Poles | - | - | 4 | 0.14 | 7 | 0.25 | - | - | - | - | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.04 | 1 | 0.02 | 1 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.00 |
| Lithuanians | - | - | 0 | 0.00 | 3 | 0.11 | - | - | 19 | 0.30 | 13 | 0.20 | 11 | 0.16 | 5 | 0.08 | 4 | 0.07 | 4 | 0.08 |
| unknown | 4 | 0.19 | 15 | 0.52 | 2 | 0.07 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 0 | 0.00 | 7 | 0.11 | 2 | 0.04 | 13 | 0.25 |
| other | 36 | 1.72 | 5 | 0.17 | 12 | 0.42 | 667 | 11.9 | 200 | 3.19 | 5 | 0.08 | 21 | 0.31 | 25 | 0.40 | 24 | 0.44 | 27 | 0.53 |
| Total | 2099 | 100 | 2903 | 100 | 2851 | 100 | 5625 | 100 | 6275 | 100 | 6626 | 100 | 6862 | 100 | 6324 | 100 | 5410 | 100 | 5129 | 100 |
Climate
edit| Climate data for Türi (normals 1991–2020, extremes 1925–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8.8 (47.8) |
11.3 (52.3) |
18.7 (65.7) |
27.0 (80.6) |
30.7 (87.3) |
33.1 (91.6) |
34.3 (93.7) |
34.3 (93.7) |
28.5 (83.3) |
21.0 (69.8) |
13.1 (55.6) |
11.1 (52.0) |
34.3 (93.7) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −1.6 (29.1) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
3.1 (37.6) |
10.7 (51.3) |
17.0 (62.6) |
20.6 (69.1) |
23.3 (73.9) |
21.7 (71.1) |
16.3 (61.3) |
9.1 (48.4) |
3.3 (37.9) |
0.2 (32.4) |
10.2 (50.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.9 (25.0) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−0.9 (30.4) |
5.2 (41.4) |
11.0 (51.8) |
15.1 (59.2) |
17.8 (64.0) |
16.2 (61.2) |
11.4 (52.5) |
5.7 (42.3) |
1.2 (34.2) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
6.0 (42.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −6.5 (20.3) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
0.4 (32.7) |
4.9 (40.8) |
9.4 (48.9) |
12.3 (54.1) |
11.2 (52.2) |
7.2 (45.0) |
2.6 (36.7) |
−1 (30) |
−4.1 (24.6) |
2.0 (35.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −34.5 (−30.1) |
−36.2 (−33.2) |
−30.7 (−23.3) |
−20.8 (−5.4) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
1.2 (34.2) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
−23.1 (−9.6) |
−37.6 (−35.7) |
−37.6 (−35.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 57 (2.2) |
44 (1.7) |
38 (1.5) |
38 (1.5) |
45 (1.8) |
79 (3.1) |
69 (2.7) |
91 (3.6) |
62 (2.4) |
74 (2.9) |
67 (2.6) |
62 (2.4) |
726 (28.6) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 12.4 | 10.2 | 9.4 | 8.0 | 7.6 | 10.3 | 9.5 | 10.9 | 9.8 | 12.6 | 12.1 | 13.6 | 126.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 90 | 87 | 79 | 71 | 67 | 72 | 75 | 80 | 85 | 89 | 91 | 91 | 81 |
| Source: Estonian Weather Service (precipitation days 1971–2000)[15][16][17][18][19][20] | |||||||||||||
Sights
editTüri Church
editTüri Church, originally dedicated to St. Martin, is a well-preserved medieval hall church of a form typical for central Estonia. Construction of the church probably started in the late 13th century and the ceiling was completed in the early 14th century. It retains much of its medieval look, including carved stone details such as consoles in the form of human heads. Other noteworthy interior details include the renaissance pulpit, a Baroque retable (by Christian Ackermann) and an altar painting by August Georg Wilhelm Pezold from 1856.[21]
Gallery
edit-
Türi church -
Türi in 1910 -
Türi railway station -
Türi reservoir -
Türi cultural center -
Türi school -
Türi Kevade School for the disabled
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See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Türi linn" (in Estonian). tyri.ee – Türi Municipality's site. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 25 March 2011.
- ^ Population by sex, age and place of residence after the 2017 administrative reform, 1 January. Statistics Estonia.
- ^ Tyri. Eng
- ^ Türi turism
- ^ "Türi - Worth checking out - Eesti maaturism". Eesti Maaturism. Archived from the original on 29 August 2014. Retrieved 2020-02-24.
- ^ 1922 a. üldrahvalugemise andmed. Vihk V, Järva maakond (tabelid). Eesti riikline statistika (in Estonian and French). Tallinn: Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo. 1923. p. 29. hdl:10062/4450.
- ^ Rahvastiku koostis ja korteriolud. 1.III 1934 rahvaloenduse andmed. Vihk II (in Estonian and French). Tallinn: Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo. 1935. pp. 47–53. hdl:10062/4439.
- ^ Eesti Statistika : kuukiri 1942-03/04 (in German and Estonian). Tallinn: Riigi Statistika Keskbüroo. 1942. pp. 66–67.
- ^ Katus, Kalev; Puur, Allan; Põldma, Asta; Sakkeus, Luule (1996). Rahvastiku ühtlusarvutatud sündmus- ja loendusstatistika: Järvamaa 1965-1990. Sari C (in Estonian and English). Tallinn: Eesti Kõrgkoolidevaheline Demouuringute Keskus. pp. 31–32. ISBN 9985-820-22-3.
- ^ Население районов, городов и поселков городского типа Эстонской ССР : по данным Всесоюзной переписи населения на 15 января 1970 года (in Russian). Tallinn: Eesti NSV Statistika Keskvalitsus. 1972. p. 77.
- ^ a b Eesti Vabariigi maakondade, linnade ja alevite rahvastik. 1. osa, Rahvaarv rahvuse, perekonnaseisu, hariduse ja elatusallikate järgi : 1989. a. rahvaloenduse andmed (in Estonian). Tallinn: Eesti Vabariigi Riiklik Statistikaamet. 1990. pp. 29, 34. ISBN 978-9949-7193-2-7 – via Digar.
- ^ "RL222: RAHVASTIK ELUKOHA JA RAHVUSE JÄRGI". Estonian Statistical Database (in Estonian).
- ^ "RL0429: RAHVASTIK RAHVUSE, SOO, VANUSERÜHMA JA ELUKOHA JÄRGI, 31. DETSEMBER 2011". Estonian Statistical Database. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ^ "RL21429: Rahvastik Rahvuse, Soo, Vanuserühma Ja ELukoha (Haldusüksus) Järgi, 31. DETSEMBER 2021". Estonian Statistical Database (in Estonian).
- ^ "Climate normals-Temperature". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
- ^ "Climate normals-Precipitation". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
- ^ "Climate normals-Humidity". Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
- ^ "Rekordid" (in Estonian). Estonian Weather Service. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
- ^ "Kliimanormid-Sademed, õhuniiskus" (in Estonian). Estonian Weather Service. Archived from the original on 22 February 2012. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
- ^ "Turi Climate Normals 1991–2020". World Meteorological Organization Climatological Standard Normals (1991–2020). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 20 October 2024.
- ^ Viirand, Tiiu (2004). Estonia. Cultural Tourism. Kunst Publishers. pp. 98–99. ISBN 9949-407-18-4.
External links
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Türi.