Wikipedia

Battle of Nyala

(Redirected from Taiba bridge massacre)

The Battle of Nyala was a battle for control of Nyala, the capital of South Darfur in Sudan, between the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), and the Sudanese Armed Forces during the ongoing Darfur campaign. The first battle occurred between 15 and 20 April 2023, during which hundreds were reported dead.[9] A civilian-brokered ceasefire paused the fighting by April 20. Sporadic clashes broke out between May and July. In August 2023, the RSF launched an offensive on the city.[10] The SAF launched air campaigns against the RSF in Nyala, with many civilian casualties in Taiba and El Matar. In late September, the RSF besieged the headquarters the SAF's 16th Infantry Division headquarters, capturing it on October 26.

Battle of Nyala
Part of the Darfur campaign of the War in Sudan (2023)
Date15 April – 26 October 2023
(6 months and 11 days)[a]
Location
Nyala, South Darfur, Sudan
Result

RSF victory

  • Fighting breaks out between April 15 and April 20
  • Ceasefires occur between April 20 and May 5, with sporadic clashes until August 8
  • RSF launches an offensive on August 11, later besieging the city
  • RSF capture the infantry base of the 16th Infantry Division, effectively capturing Nyala
Belligerents
Sudanese Armed Forces

Rapid Support Forces

  • Various Arab tribes[1]
Coalition of Patriots for Change (since August 2023)[2]
Commanders and leaders
Yasser Fadlallah Khader †
Hussein Mohamed Jawdat		 Abdelrahim Dagalo
Noureddine Adam  (WIA)
Units involved
16th Infantry Division Unknown
Casualties and losses
2,000+ (per RSF)[4][5] Unknown
100+ killed, 271+ injured[6][7]
50,000+ refugees[1][8]

Prelude

edit

In the early hours of the morning of 15 April 2023, soldiers loyal to the Rapid Support Forces started a series of assaults on key buildings in Khartoum, primarily the Khartoum International Airport. While the international airport was captured by the RSF, street battles continued throughout Khartoum and the neighboring cities of Omdurman and Bahri.[11][12] The RSF also captured the presidential palace, the residence of the former Sudanese president Omar al-Bashir, and attacked a military base.[13][14] Users on Facebook Live and Twitter documented the Sudanese Air Force flying above the city, and striking the RSF targets.[15]

Origin in Darfur

edit

The history of conflicts in Sudan has consisted of foreign invasions and resistance, ethnic tensions, religious disputes, and competition over resources.[16][17] In its modern history, two civil wars between the central government and the southern regions killed 1.5 million people, and a continuing conflict in the western region of Darfur has displaced two million people and killed more than 200,000 people.[18] Since independence in 1956, Sudan has had more than fifteen military coups[19] and it has also been ruled by the military for the majority of the republic's existence, with only brief periods of democratic civilian parliamentary rule.[20]

Before the War

edit

Nyala was one of the largest refugee havens in Darfur during the War in Darfur, and was also greatly targeted by warring armies. This has caused Nyala to be a city with an excessive amount of wars and battles between the last few decades.

Timeline

edit

First Battle of Nyala (April 15–20)

edit

Conflict began early in the morning of April 15.[21] Due to the outbreak of fighting, all markets and schools in Nyala were closed, and civilians were urged to stay in their homes.[22] The Nyala hospital stated that six civilians were killed early on in the clashes.[23] Most clashes took place inside the city, and an attack on the al-Malja market killed three people.[24] The SAF also claimed to repel an attack by RSF on Nyala International Airport and the Sudanese army regional command bases next to it.[24] At least eleven people were killed in Nyala and Khartoum, and over sixteen injured, in Nyala on the first day of fighting.[25] Other local monitors claimed 22 people were killed on just the first day.[26]

By April 16, Nyala recorded the most fatalities in the fighting, and clashes took place at the SAF bases and near the Nyala hospital.[27] The RSF took control of the Nyala Airport on April 16, after a 90-minute long attack pushed Sudanese forces to the eastern neighborhoods of the city.[28] In battles in Kabkabiya, three World Food Programme aid workers were killed, prompting the organization to suspend all activities in Darfur, including Nyala.[29] Little was known about the continued attacks on April 16 or the civilian death toll, due to fog of war.[30][31]

Several UN agency offices were looted in Nyala by the RSF, including the WFP, UNHCR, and UNICEF.[32] Médecins Sans Frontières reported that they could no longer conduct relief activities in the city, as their offices in Nyala had been looted.[33] The RSF also captured the South Darfur Ministry of Finance that day, and clashes between army forces and the RSF in the neighborhoods of El Wadi, El Geer, and El Sereif caused civilians to flee.[34] The El-Salam refugee camp, adjacent to Nyala, was also cut off from supplies due to the fighting. The RSF also consolidated control over the headquarters of the Sudanese Army's 7th Regiment.[35]

By April 18, fighting had simmered down partially, and unknown gunmen on rickshaws allegedly affiliated with the RSF patrolled the city, ransacking NGOs and looting businesses.[34] Theft took place at the Nyala Crops Exchange and police headquarters, in the industrial zone of the city.[36] In the evening of April 18, the Nyala Central Hospital ceased operations due to a lack of power.[37] Injured patients were brought to the Nyala Teaching Hospital and the Sudanese-Turkish hospital, the other two operating hospitals in the city. Other medical associations, including MSF, halted operations due to an inability to reach civilians through the fighting.[38] Most fighting continued to take place near Nyala International Airport and the Sudanese Army's 16th Division command next to it.[39]

Further reports of the RSF-aligned gunmen emerged in Nyala on April 19, as violence settled further.[40] Around this time, the Sudanese Army controlled the 16th Division's military base, and the RSF controlled the airport, with a resident stating they "have 50-50 percent control of the area."[39] The day was relatively quiet in the city, although at night, protests by civilians occurred in neighborhoods against both the RSF and SAF.[41]

On April 20, a civilian-brokered ceasefire halted fighting between the RSF and SAF.[42][43] The Nyala Central Hospital also began operations again, as electricity made its way back to the city.[44] Some fighting continued in the north of the city later in the day, and civilian barricades were not taken down.[42] By April 20, RSF forces were in El Matar, El Riyadh, and El Malja neighborhoods close to the airport.[42] The RSF were also in control of the South Darfur intelligence services and Nyala Police Headquarters, on the eastern side of the city.[45] The SAF were in control of many armories, ministries, and the army headquarters.[45]

Ceasefire in effect (April 21–May 5)

edit

The ceasefire continued to hold through May. The Turkish hospital in Nyala announced that the area around the hospital had slowed down fighting and that most hospitals are able to return to work.[46] The Ministry of Education in the city was burned down on April 21, despite the truce.[43] Eight bodies were collected by civilians in the days following the battle in areas that were unable to reach due to fighting.[47] The market also returned, although prices were high. Meanwhile, inmates at the Nyala prison were released due to a lack of food and sufficient goods to hold them.[47] The provisional death toll of the battle saw over 60 civilians killed, and 279 injured.[43][42][45]

Clashes broke out a second time in Nyala on May 6, after RSF militants attempted to loot warehouses in the SAF-controlled al-Nahba neighborhood.[45] The fighting then spread to two more neighborhoods. By May 7, Al Jazeera reported that Sudanese forces had pushed the RSF out of Nyala.[48] Afterwards, theft skyrocketed in the city, and many markets closed down.[49]

Sporadic clashes (May 18–August 8)

edit

On May 15, 80 leaders of South Darfuri tribes signed a document urging the RSF and SAF to cease fighting.[50] However, clashes reignited on May 18 at the Nyala Central Bank after disgruntled RSF soldiers fought with SAF troops receiving their paychecks.[50] The day prior, Abdel Fattah al-Burhan's derecognition of the RSF prevented RSF soldiers from receiving government paychecks. On May 21, twenty-four girls, some as young as 14, were raped by RSF militants in the city's Aldaman hotel.[51] Some of the girls were able to escape.[51] In battles on May 19, RSF militants stormed and looted NGO offices, while civilians barricaded and dug ditches around their neighborhoods to prevent RSF attacks.[52]

On May 20, the village of Abu Adam, near Nyala, was torched by alleged RSF militants, shown by satellite footage in late May. Numerous markets were also set ablaze in the city, with residents stating water pumps were out of service as well.[53] Clashes broke out in Nyala again on May 23, with 28 people killed between May 20 and May 23 in the city.[54] Several days later, more bodies were discovered in the Nyala market.[55] At the time, Nyala had a shaky internet connection due to RSF attacks on Sudatel towers on the outskirts of the city.[56] Local activists claimed 600,000 refugees were without aid in the city.[52]

On May 29, a teacher who fled El Wadi neighborhood in Nyala stated that shelling continued on the outskirts of the city, with the SAF controlling the interior and the bridge. The teacher also said many internally displaced civilians fled to the southern parts of the city, particularly the Karari technical school.[57] Sporadic clashes resumed on June 14, in the main market after unknown gunmen robbed shops.[58] In the fighting, Osman Hamed, the financial director for northern Nyala, was killed. On June 25, even heavier fighting began, killing twenty-one civilians.[59] In Otash refugee camp, nine people were injured.[60] The Nyala museum was struck by artillery as well, with experts worrying the interior was vulnerable to damage.[61] Between July 22 and 26, thirty people were killed in battles.[62]

August offensive

edit

Afterwards, it was calm until August 9, when two people were killed in a resurgence of fighting, and over 100 injured.[63][64] By August 12, locals noted the heavy increase in firepower and shelling, saying "rockets were raining on houses".[65] By August 14, just five days into clashes, the El Wahda hospital reported thirty cases of gunshot wounds, and the RSF reported 43 civilian casualties.[66] Artillery predominantly hit Karari neighborhood, West Valley neighborhood, and Texas neighborhood, all near the command of the 16th Infantry Division.[66] OCHA reported that since the battle of Nyala began on April 15, 20,000 people have fled the city.[67] The IOM stated 4,000 households had become refugees since clashes began in August.[68] The State Department released a statement deploring the surge in violence.[69] On August 16, three people were killed by artillery during a Quran recitation ceremony in Otash camp.[68] RSF militants also mobilized in the Nyala Grand Market, closing it off to civilians. By August 18, the heaviest fighting was concentrated in Karari, El Wadi, and Texas neighborhoods.[70] Residents also stated that "Central Nyala is like a ghost town."[70]

On August 21, the commander of the Sudanese Army's 16th Division, Yasser Fadlallah, was assassinated by a fifth column within the 16th Division,as the page of the SAF stated he was assassinatedat by the hands of Treachery and betrayal on a post in Facebook.[71] Sources speaking to AlHadath stated Fadlallah dug his own grave at the base as a sign of his willingness to die for victory over the RSF, beforehe he was assassinated. .[72][73] That same day, ReliefWeb reported that 50,000 refugees had fled, and 60 civilians killed with 250 injured since the resurgence in clashes.[74] In response, aid convoys from Ed Daein made their way to Nyala.[74]

Taiba bridge massacre

edit
Taiba bridge massacre
Part of Battle of Nyala of the War in Sudan (2023)
LocationTaiba bridge, Nyala, South Darfur, Sudan
DateAugust 23, 2023
Victims42 killed, 50 injured[75][76][77]
PerpetratorUnknown

Forty-two people, mainly women and children, were killed in an airstrike on August 23, while they were sheltering under Taiba bridge as most exits and entrances to the city were blocked off.[75][78][79][80] Five families were killed, and many others lost 3-4 members each.[81] Many of the killed were from the Taiba and El Sikka Hadid neighborhoods, the former having recently been captured by the RSF.[82] The airstrike was the largest single-day death toll of the battle of Nyala. Nyala-based journalist Ahmed Gouja stated that the Taiba bridge massacre was not the only one in the city during the renewed fighting, but that the others were impossible to reach or get information about due to the clashes.[83] The RSF accused the SAF of indiscriminately shelling the RSF-controlled Taiba neighborhood, and having perpetrated the Taiba bridge massacre.[84] The Sudanese Army did not make a statement on the airstrike.[84]

That same day, convoys from the Joint Darfur Force reached Nyala to deliver aid to civilians, with the commander, Lt. Col. Hussein Yaqoub stating the force was strictly neutral.[78] The Sudanese Communist Party decried the arrival of the JDF, claiming they only showed up after the carnage happened.[82] Médecins Sans Frontières stated that all of their staff in Nyala were unable to leave, and were subject to their homes being stormed by fighters and civilians used as human shields.[78] By early September, the el-Texas, el-Karari, and the southern parts of the city were the fiercest battlegrounds, with residents stating that much of Nyala was a ghost town due to indiscriminate shelling and RSF intrusions into civilian homes.[85] Cell phone service was restored on September 11.[86]

September 2023 Nyala airstrike

edit
September 2023 Nyala airstrike
Part of Battle of Nyala of the War in Sudan (2023)
LocationEl Malja market and several neighborhoods, Nyala, South Darfur, Sudan
DateSeptember 13, 2023
Victims40+ killed[87]
PerpetratorSudanese Armed Forces

On September 13, airstrikes by the SAF against two markets in Nyala killed another 40 people, the most killed since their airstrikes on the city beginning on September 3,[88] The airstrike took place in El Matar and Texas neighborhoods.[89] Many houses and shops were destroyed, and by September 14, many bodies were left under the rubble.[90] The main market hit was El Malja market.[90]

Siege of the 16th Infantry Division (September 23–October 26)

edit

Clashes renewed in Nyala on September 22, with internet connectivity dropping amid reports of a siege on the city imposed by the RSF.[91][92] By September 25, the clashes continued as the SAF repelled large RSF attacks. One person was killed in Otash refugee camp in the clashes on the 25th, bringing the total number of civilian casualties in the camp to 29 killed and 45 injured since the war broke out.[93] Abdelrahim Dagalo, the brother of RSF leader Hemedti, was in Nyala commanding RSF forces in and around the city in late September.[94]

In early October, soldiers at the 16th Infantry Division claimed to repel a massive RSF attack on the base, leaving the latter with significant casualties.[95] In further bombing campaigns on the base, the neighborhoods of El Jir and El Nahda were damaged.[92] Many of southern Nyala's residents moved to northern neighborhoods like Texas, Karari, and Taiba, as the RSF's siege tightened.[92]

The RSF launched a major offensive on October 23 and 24, capturing the SAF military hospital, SAF fuel depot, and Nyala television center, fully surrounding the 16th Infantry Division's headquarters.[96] In the attack, civilians stated they buried 32 bodies.[96] The neighborhoods surrounding the 16th Infantry Division were deserted.[97] On October 26, the RSF captured and stormed the headquarters of the 16th Infantry Division, the last main holdout of the SAF.[98] The capture effectively solidified RSF control over all of Nyala.[99][100] Videos surfacing from the aftermath of the capture showed dozens of bodies of slain SAF soldiers along the base.[99] The RSF claimed that in the offensive, 2,000 SAF soldiers were killed.[101]

Aftermath

edit

Following the capture of Nyala, videos emerged of RSF fighters killing members of the Sudan Liberation Army - Transitional Council (SLA-TC).[99] Clashes also broke out between the RSF and Gathering of Sudan Liberation Forces led by al-Tahir Hajar on October 26, with the organization claiming 15 fighters had been killed in the clashes in Nyala.[99]

Abdelrahim Dagalo, after the capture of the city, claimed that the RSF would attempt to stop disputes within the remaining SAF soldiers.[101] Many SAF fighters defected to the RSF - at least 60 - following negotiations with Dagalo and Misseriya representatives.[101][96] However, the SAF commander at the time of the fall, Hussein Mohamed Jawdat, did not negotiate.[101]

Notes

edit
  1. ^ The full list of clashes were between April 15 and 20, May 18 and 19, June 13 through 24, July 1, 2, 4, 20, 27, and from August 11 to October 26.[3]

References

edit
  1. ^ a b "Darfur residents flee as Sudan battles intensify: witnesses". www.thenews.com.pk.
  2. ^ "Letter dated 5 June 2024 from the Panel of Experts on the Central African Republic extended pursuant to resolution 2693 (2023) addressed to the President of the Security Council" (PDF).
  3. ^ "ODS HOME PAGE" (PDF). documents-dds-ny.un.org.
  4. ^ "New reports about fighting and looting in Darfur". 21 April 2023.
  5. ^ "RSF take control of South Darfur's Nyala, vow to protect civilians". 27 October 2023.
  6. ^ "Sudan Capital Witnesses Exodus, More People Reported Dead in Darfur and Kordofan". Dabanga. 21 April 2023 – via AllAfrica.
  7. ^ "Renewed clashes erupt between army and paramilitary forces in South Darfur". Sudan Tribune. 6 May 2023. Archived from the original on 7 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  8. ^ "Sudan: SAF and RSF clashes in Nyala, South Darfur - Flash Update No. 01 (21 August 2023) [EN/AR] - Sudan | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. 21 August 2023.
  9. ^ "Half the hospitals in Sudan's capital are 'out of action' as casualties rise". Egypt Independent. 19 April 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  10. ^ "Sudan: Dozens Possibly Dead in South Darfur Clashes". Dabanga. 15 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  11. ^ "Sudan unrest: RSF captures presidential palace as violence rages". www.geo.tv. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023.
  12. ^ "Saudi airline says plane came under fire at Khartoum International Airport". Reuters. 15 April 2023. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.
  13. ^ "Sudan: Paramilitary group says it controls palace, Khartoum airport". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. 15 April 2023. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.
  14. ^ "Sudan's RSF say it seized presidential palace, Khartoum airport in apparent coup bid". Al Arabiya English. 15 April 2023. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.
  15. ^ "Fighting between Sudan military rivals enters a second day, with dozens dead". CNN. 15 April 2023. Archived from the original on 15 April 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2023.
  16. ^ Sawant, Ankush B. (1998). "Ethnic Conflict in Sudan in Historical Perspective". International Studies. 35 (3): 343–363. doi:10.1177/0020881798035003006. ISSN 0020-8817. S2CID 154750436. Archived from the original on 16 April 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
  17. ^ Fluehr-Lobban, Carolyn (1990). "Islamization in Sudan: A Critical Assessment". Middle East Journal. 44 (4): 610–623. ISSN 0026-3141. JSTOR 4328193. Archived from the original on 27 February 2023. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  18. ^ "Sudan: The basics". BBC News. 17 April 2023. Archived from the original on 15 April 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
  19. ^ Fabricius, Peter (31 July 2020). "Sudan, a coup laboratory". Institute for Security Studies. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
  20. ^ Biajo, Nabeel (22 October 2022). "Military Rule No Longer Viable in Sudan: Analyst". VOA Africa. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
  21. ^ Ahmed, Gouja (15 April 2023). "Now the sounds of cannons and weapons in the city of Nyala". Twitter. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  22. ^ Darfur 24 (15 April 2023). "إندلاع إشتباكات بين الجيش السوداني والدعم السريع بمدينة نيالا". موقع دارفور٢٤ الاخباري (in Arabic). Retrieved 5 May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  23. ^ Ahmed, Gouja (15 April 2023). "Nyala Hospital: @24Darfur the death within the civilian are 6 people in clashes that took place between SAF and RSF, still their dead body are in Nyala morgue, and 16 are people injured. they have admitted in the accident department.@AyinSudan@hrw@JohnLechner1@KholoodKhair". Twitter. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  24. ^ a b SudanTribune (15 April 2023). "About 11 civilians killed across Sudan after SAF-RSF clashes". Sudan Tribune. Retrieved 5 May 2023.[permanent dead link‍]
  25. ^ JACK JEFFERY (15 April 2023). "Sudan's army and rival force battle, killing at least 27". Los Angeles Times. Associated Press. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  26. ^ Nashed, Mat. "Darfur on edge as violence spreads amid Sudan power struggle". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  27. ^ "Civilian toll rises in Sudan as military, rivals fight for control". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  28. ^ Ahmed, Gouja (5 May 2023). "Nyala Airport is now in the grip of the RSF, after an attack that lasted more than an hour and a half. Eyewitnesses from the eastern neighborhoods of Majok, al-Jabal, and Figo confirm that the control of Nyala Airport was secured by the RSF". Twitter. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  29. ^ Darfur 24 (16 April 2023). "WFP suspends operation in Sudan". Darfur24 News Website. Retrieved 5 May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  30. ^ "Sudan: Civilians among 56 killed during heavy fighting between army and paramilitary forces". Sky News. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  31. ^ "Latest News Of Clashes In Sudan, 16 April 2023 - Islamic World News". 17 April 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2023.
  32. ^ Ahmed, Gouja (16 April 2023). "NYAL:17Apr, still now the clashes are going around the city center and north areas from the city, numbers of government institutions, hospital and medical centers been looted by armed Militia". Twitter. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  33. ^ Picheta, Jessie Yeung,Teele Rebane,Rob (18 April 2023). "Ceasefire crumbles amid chaos in Sudan as death toll reaches 270". CNN. Retrieved 5 May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  34. ^ a b Bergman, Andrew (17 April 2023). "Deadly Sudan Army-RSF clashes spark human tragedy, widespread looting in Darfur". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  35. ^ Ahmed, Gouja (17 April 2023). "RSF withdrawal from the HQ Seventh Regiment, for RSF in Nyala and the west side areas from SAF HQ. After Fierce battles lasted for three whole days. the governor forms committee to collect the corpses of juvenile victims from the streets of the city". Twitter. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  36. ^ Ahmed, Gouja (18 April 2023). "The cautious calm in Nyala, the chaos of looting and theft continues. Looting the Nyala Crops Exchange and the Nyala Industrial Zone. Location is close to the Headquarters of Police leaders, Security Intelligence Nyala". Twitter. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  37. ^ Ahmed, Gouja (18 April 2023). "#Nyala Central Hospital has been completely out of service since 7:00 pm. 18April, due to missed of electricity supply and no generator fuel. The emergency services and the reception of injured civilians have shifted to Turkish Hospital South Nyala". Twitter. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  38. ^ Picheta, Jessie Yeung,Teele Rebane,Rob (18 April 2023). "Ceasefire crumbles amid chaos in Sudan as death toll reaches 270". CNN. Retrieved 8 May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  39. ^ a b Network, Ayin (16 April 2023), Stuck in the crossfire: Civilians try to survive as conflict between security forces continues - Ayin network - شبكة عاين, retrieved 8 May 2023
  40. ^ Elbagir, Yousra (19 April 2023). "Darfur Monitors @qoga12: looting & attacks from armed militia men in Nyala, south Darfur. They are arriving from areas north of the city known to be home to Hemedti's close family like Um Al-Qurra & 7aloof. He says they are walking "step by step with the RSF."". Twitter. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  41. ^ Ahmed, Gouja (19 April 2023). "Citizens in Nyala, Al-Wadi East neighborhood, clutching two armed Militia's have white four-wheel- vehicle with stolen things, this evening of April 19". Twitter. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  42. ^ a b c d Lisa (21 April 2023). "New reports about fighting and looting in Darfur". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  43. ^ a b c "Sudan: Darfur Update - El Geneina Clashes Continue, Truce Holds in El Fasher, Looting in Nyala". Dabanga. 3 May 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  44. ^ Ahmed, Gouja (20 April 2023). "Nyala Hospital has partially returned to work with the lack of water. There is a body north of the Nyala Mosque, which has begun to swell, and another body in front of Al-Abrar Clinic, on Cinema Street. Barricades were placed in most of the city's main roads and entrances". Twitter. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  45. ^ a b c d SudanTribune (6 May 2023). "Renewed clashes erupt between army and paramilitary forces in South Darfur". Sudan Tribune. Archived from the original on 7 May 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  46. ^ AA, Daily Sabah with (25 April 2023). "Turkish hospital in Darfur heals Sudanese amid ongoing conflict". Daily Sabah. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  47. ^ a b "Sudan: West Darfur Clashes Leave 25 Dead, Prisoners Freed in Nyala, El Fasher and ED Daein". Dabanga. 27 April 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  48. ^ "Sudan fighting in its 23rd day: A list of key events". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  49. ^ Camille (9 May 2023). "Darfur update: Minawi is back in El Fasher and redeploys troops, cautious calm in Nyala". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
  50. ^ a b SudanTribune (19 May 2023). "Clashes reignite between Sudanese army, RSF in South Darfur". Sudan Tribune. Retrieved 29 May 2023.[permanent dead link‍]
  51. ^ a b "Sexual violence and killings in Sudan's Darfur ahead of ceasefire". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  52. ^ a b "Sudan Darfur crisis: 'Everything civilians can use has been burned or destroyed'". BBC News. 29 May 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  53. ^ "Sudan Darfur crisis: 'Everything civilians can use has been burned or destroyed'". BBC News. 29 May 2023. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  54. ^ Camille (23 May 2023). "Communication problems in Darfur as clashes continue". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  55. ^ Lisa (24 May 2023). "Humanitarian crisis in Darfur increases as attacks rattle Zalingei". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  56. ^ Bergman, Andrew (25 May 2023). "Attacks and banditry deepen civilian suffering in Darfur, Kordofan". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  57. ^ Camille (29 May 2023). "Fighting in Darfur over the weekend". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  58. ^ Bergman, Andrew (14 June 2023). "Kutum declared humanitarian disaster area, violence escalates in South Darfur". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  59. ^ "Sudan war kills 12 more in Darfur fighting: doctor - Al-Monitor: Independent, trusted coverage of the Middle East". www.al-monitor.com. 25 June 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  60. ^ Camille (26 June 2023). "More than 20 killed in South Darfur battles". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  61. ^ Makary, Adam (5 July 2023). "Sudan's cultural heritage in peril as fighting rages". Reuters. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  62. ^ Lisa (26 July 2023). "Sudan war enters its 100th day, medicines almost depleted in conflict areas". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  63. ^ Lisa (9 August 2023). "Sudan war: shelling in Omdurman kills 20, two dead in Nyala". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  64. ^ "Fighting continues to tear through Sudan's Nyala | Al Bawaba". www.albawaba.com. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  65. ^ Isci, Emir. "Sudanese paramilitaries attack Darfur's Nyala, forcing civilians to flee". Sudanese paramilitaries attack Darfur's Nyala, forcing civilians to flee. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  66. ^ a b Camille (14 August 2023). "Dozens possibly dead in South Darfur clashes". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  67. ^ "Darfur residents flee as Sudan battles intensify: witnesses". www.thenews.com.pk. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  68. ^ a b Bergman, Andrew (16 August 2023). "Sudan war: No respite to shelling in Khartoum and Darfur". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  69. ^ "On Fighting in Nyala in South Darfur, Sudan". United States Department of State. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  70. ^ a b Bergman, Andrew (18 August 2023). "Civilians cower as shelling pounds South Darfur capital". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  71. ^ "Sudanese army commander killed in Nyala, Sudan | Al Bawaba". www.albawaba.com. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  72. ^ Sarah (22 August 2023). "Sudanese army general 'digs own grave' in South Darfur capital". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  73. ^ @qoga12 (21 August 2023). "Office of the Official Spokesperson for SAF announced that the killed of Major General Yasser Fadlallah Al-Khidr Al-Saim" (Tweet). Retrieved 14 September 2023 – via Twitter.
  74. ^ a b "Sudan: SAF and RSF clashes in Nyala, South Darfur - Flash Update No. 01 (21 August 2023) [EN/AR] - Sudan | ReliefWeb". reliefweb.int. 21 August 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  75. ^ a b @qoga12 (28 August 2023). "During the last weeks war Citizens of TIBA and SIKA hadeed Protecting themselves under a bridge from SAF's artillery shelling in Nyala" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  76. ^ "Sudan war: Outcry over South Darfur Nyala 'massacre'". 30 August 2023.
  77. ^ "Darfur atrocities turn Sudan's isolated Nyala into a lifeless city". Middle East Eye.
  78. ^ a b c Sarah (29 August 2023). "Rebel forces arrive in South Darfur to protect people trapped in Nyala". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  79. ^ "Sudan: People trapped by indiscriminate attacks in Nyala, South Darfur | MSF". Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) International. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  80. ^ Orsud, Raghdan; Cook, Daphnee (29 August 2023). "Darfur: Leaders must agree on better protection of civilians, after 39 people killed in Nyala". Save the Children International. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  81. ^ @qoga12 (29 August 2023). "Nyala's massacre in (Tiba bridge) killed 39 children, women and men in only a few moments" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  82. ^ a b Lisa (30 August 2023). "Sudan war: Outcry over South Darfur Nyala 'massacre'". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  83. ^ @qoga12 (29 August 2023). "This massacre in Nyala, leaving 39 people dead as a result of shelling on civilians took place on August 22, 2023" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  84. ^ a b SudanTribune (30 August 2023). "Artillery strike claims dozens of civilian in South Darfur cacpital". Sudan Tribune. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  85. ^ "Darfur atrocities turn Sudan's isolated Nyala into a lifeless city". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  86. ^ Bergman, Andrew (11 September 2023). "Zain restores mobile and internet services in Darfur cities as shelling persists". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  87. ^ Bergman, Andrew (14 September 2023). "RSF: SAF airstrikes in South Darfur 'ethnically motivated'".
  88. ^ "Air strikes kill dozens in Darfur as UN's Sudan chief resigns". France 24. 13 September 2023. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  89. ^ @qoga12 (13 September 2023). "Air raids by SAF targeting neighborhoods of Elmttar, Texas block1, and parts of Wadi Barli in Nyala this morning" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  90. ^ a b Bergman, Andrew (14 September 2023). "RSF: SAF airstrikes in South Darfur 'ethnically motivated'". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  91. ^ Lisa (22 September 2023). "Violent clashes persist in Sudan capital and South Darfur's Nyala". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  92. ^ a b c Sarah (24 October 2023). "Picking up the pieces as Darfur and Khartoum bombardments decrease". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  93. ^ Lisa (25 September 2023). "Continued fighting, rapes, and robberies reported from Sudan". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  94. ^ Lisa (29 September 2023). "Reports about RSF expanding combat scope in Darfur". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  95. ^ Amgad (5 October 2023). "Sudan war: At least 20 killed, several injured in ongoing Khartoum shelling". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  96. ^ a b c Monitor, Sudan War. "RSF capture army positions in Nyala attack". sudanwarmonitor.com. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  97. ^ Bergman, Andrew (25 October 2023). "RSF 'poised to take over' Sudan Armed Forces HQ in South Darfur capital". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  98. ^ Bergman, Andrew (26 October 2023). "Major South Darfur army base falls to RSF". Dabanga Radio TV Online. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  99. ^ a b c d Monitor, Sudan War. "Fall of the 16th Division headquarters in Nyala". sudanwarmonitor.com. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  100. ^ "Sudan conflict: RSF takes control of Nyala in Darfur". BBC News. 26 October 2023.
  101. ^ a b c d SudanTribune (27 October 2023). "RSF take control of South Darfur's Nyala, vow to protect civilians". Sudan Tribune. Retrieved 27 October 2023.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Nyala&oldid=1234711595#Taiba_bridge_massacre"