The River Dee (Scottish Gaelic: Dè / Uisge Dhè), in south-west Scotland, flows from its source in Loch Dee amongst the Galloway Hills, firstly to Clatteringshaws Loch, then into Loch Ken, where it joins the Water of Ken. From there, the Dee flows 15 miles (24 km) southwards to Kirkcudbright, and into Kirkcudbright Bay to reach the Solway Firth. The distance is just over 38 miles (61 km) in total. Together with its tributaries, the Dee's total catchment area is over 400 square miles (1,000 km2).[2]
| River Dee | |
|---|---|
 View of the Dee at Tongland | |
 | |
| Location | |
| Country | Scotland |
| Region | Galloway |
| Settlements | Kirkcudbright, Tongland, Bridge of Dee, Glenlochar, Crossmichael, Parton |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Source | Loch Dee |
| Mouth | Kirkcudbright Bay |
| Length | 61 km (38 mi) |
| Basin size | 1,050 km2 (410 sq mi) |
| Discharge | |
| • location | Solway Firth |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | Tarff Water |
| • right | Water of Ken |
| Protection status | |
| Official name | Loch Ken & River Dee Marshes |
| Designated | 31 August 1992 |
| Reference no. | 568[1] |
 | |
The river is dammed at Tongland, two miles (3 km) upriver from Kirkcudbright. This was constructed as part of the Galloway hydro-electric power scheme in the 1930s. Also at this site is Tongland Bridge, built in 1806 by Thomas Telford.
The ruins of Threave Castle stand on an island on the lower part of the Dee.
In Ptolemy's 2nd century work Geography it is recorded as Dēoúa. This form represents a development of Proto-Indo-European *deiueh2- 'a goddess', which occurs in many Celtic river-names.[3]
The Battle of the River Dee may have been fought at this river or at River Cree in 1308, during the Scottish Wars of Independence.[4]
The Dee has also been known as the Black Water of Dee because of its dark colour in the stretch above Loch Ken.
Loch Ken and the Dee Marshes were together designated a Ramsar site on August 21, 1992.
Tarff Water
editThe Tarff Water enters the Dee as a right-bank tributary near Tongland in the tidal stretch of the river. The headwater streams of the Tarff drain the tract of country between the villages of Laurieston and Ringford including Loch Mannoch. The river should not be confused with the similarly named Tarf Water which is a tributary of the River Bladnoch further west in Galloway.
The name Tarff derives from the Proto-Indo-European root *tauro- 'bull, aurochs'.[5] Bulls occur frequently in Celtic river names, and these names may have had a mythological rather than literal referent.[5][6] Like other examples of this name in southern Scotland, 'Tarff' is Gaelic in form but is likely to derive in turn from an earlier Cumbric cognate.[5][6]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Loch Ken & River Dee Marshes". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
- ^ "Description of river systems in Galloway". Galloway Fisheries Trust. Archived from the original on 24 February 2009.
- ^ James, Alan G. (2014). The Brittonic Language in the Old North: A Guide to the Place-name Evidence (PDF). Vol. 2: Guide to the Elements. p. 139. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 September 2014.
- ^ Nicholson, Ranald (1974). Scotland: the later Middle Ages. Barnes & Noble. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-06-495147-0.
- ^ a b c James, Alan G. (2014). The Brittonic Language in the Old North: A Guide to the Place-name Evidence (PDF). Vol. 2: Guide to the Elements. pp. 352–353. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 September 2014.
- ^ a b Watson, William J. (1926). The History of the Celtic Place-Names of Scotland. Edinburgh and London. p. 453.
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