Wikipedia

Te Uku

(Redirected from Te Uku School)

Te Uku is a small, mainly farming, settlement on SH23 in the North Island of New Zealand, located 34 km (21 mi) from Hamilton and 11 km (6.8 mi) from Raglan. It has a 4-Square shop, church, coffee stall and art gallery, filling station, hall, school and Xtreme Zero Waste recycle bins.

Te Uku
Village
Te Uku Four Square and Roast Office with Mount Karioi in the background
Te Uku Four Square and Roast Office with Mount Karioi in the background
Map
Coordinates: 37°49′45″S 174°57′24″E / 37.82917°S 174.95667°E / -37.82917; 174.95667
CountryNew Zealand
RegionWaikato
DistrictWaikato District
WardRaglan Ward
Community BoardRaglan Community Board (from October 2022)[1]
Electorates
Government
 • Territorial AuthorityWaikato District Council
 • Regional councilWaikato Regional Council
Area
[2]
 • Territorial
42.65 km2 (16.47 sq mi)
Elevation
40 m (130 ft)
Population
 (2018 Census)[3]
 • Territorial
264
 • Density6.2/km2 (16/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+12 (NZST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+13 (NZDT)

Apart from a statistical area which also covers several other settlements, Te Uku has no defined boundaries. Until Te Uku Post Office opened in 1894, Te Uku was usually referred to as Waitetuna, a name now used for another small settlement 8 km (5.0 mi) to the east.

The name is said to be derived from a clay hill in the district.[4] However, 'uku' also translates to a flat-fish, skate.

Demographics

edit

Te Uku is in two SA1 statistical areas which cover 42.65 km2 (16.47 sq mi).[2] The SA1 areas are part of the larger Te Uku statistical area.

Historical population for Te Uku and surrounds
YearPop.±% p.a.
2006201—    
2013249+3.11%
2018264+1.18%
Source: [3]
 
Te Uku from Hauroto Bay Rd – looking south to Surfside Church, school, store and Wharauroa Plateau

The SA1 areas had a population of 264 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 15 people (6.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 63 people (31.3%) since the 2006 census. There were 87 households, comprising 129 males and 129 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.0 males per female, with 63 people (23.9%) aged under 15 years, 36 (13.6%) aged 15 to 29, 132 (50.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 33 (12.5%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 90.9% European/Pākehā, 13.6% Māori, 1.1% Pacific peoples, 1.1% Asian, and 3.4% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 65.9% had no religion, 25.0% were Christian, 1.1% were Buddhist and 1.1% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 45 (22.4%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 24 (11.9%) people had no formal qualifications. 48 people (23.9%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 114 (56.7%) people were employed full-time, 39 (19.4%) were part-time, and 3 (1.5%) were unemployed.[3]

Te Uku statistical area

edit

Until the 2023 census, Te Uku statistical area covered all of Waikato District south of Whaingaroa Harbour, with the exception of Raglan, stretching from Waitetuna, through Okete, Kauroa and Te Mata to the coast at Ruapuke and Aotea Harbour. In 2023, the statistical area was split into Te Uku and Whale Bay, which cover 546.57 km2 (211.03 sq mi)[2] and had an estimated population of 3,200 as of June 2024,[5] with a population density of 5.9 people per km2.

Historical population for the statistical area
YearPop.±% p.a.
20062,028—    
20132,283+1.71%
20182,748+3.78%
Source: [6]

Before the 2023 census, the statistical area had a larger boundary, covering 549.67 km2 (212.23 sq mi).[2] Using that boundary, Te Uku statistical area had a population of 2,748 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 465 people (20.4%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 720 people (35.5%) since the 2006 census. There were 915 households, comprising 1,392 males and 1,356 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.03 males per female. The median age was 39.7 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 633 people (23.0%) aged under 15 years, 369 (13.4%) aged 15 to 29, 1,458 (53.1%) aged 30 to 64, and 285 (10.4%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 88.3% European/Pākehā, 20.6% Māori, 2.6% Pacific peoples, 1.9% Asian, and 2.5% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 17.2, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 63.0% had no religion, 25.8% were Christian, 0.4% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.5% were Buddhist and 1.6% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 555 (26.2%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 297 (14.0%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $31,600, compared with $31,800 nationally. 408 people (19.3%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,143 (54.0%) people were employed full-time, 351 (16.6%) were part-time, and 60 (2.8%) were unemployed.[6]

Geology

edit

The village lies in the Matakotea valley, which is a tributary of the Waitetuna River. Most rocks in the area are volcanic. The village, and most of the land to the west, is on Hamilton Ash; a 350,000 year old, strongly weathered, mainly yellow-brown, clay-rich, airfall tephra, of rhyolitic and andesitic composition, which includes corroded quartz crystals, weathered hornblende and augite, halloysite nodules, and some manganese. The hills to the north are of Okete Volcanics. The vertical offsets of the Vanhoutte, Mangawhero and Mangakino Faults reach a maximum of over 250 m (820 ft) near Te Uku trig. The hills to the south of the fault line are of Coleman and Waiharakeke Conglomerates and Puti and Waikorea Siltstones, all of Puaroan age (about 150 million years ago), with 2 million year old Okete Volcanics forming the highest points.[7]

History

edit

Pollen analysis in the sediments of the Waitetuna arm of the harbour shows that the original vegetation was kahikatea on the flats, and a mixed podocarp-hardwood forest on the slopes, with totara, maire, mataī, rimu, rata, beech and tree ferns. Kauri was present, but not abundant.[8]

Te Uku is part of the rohe of Ngāti Māhanga.[9]

The archaeology map shows that most pre-colonial settlement was around the harbour, with just three sites in the lower Waitetuna valley, and four sites in the Okete valley, only one of which was a pā site.[10]

European settlement began in the 1850s. The Raglan County history said, "On 22 March 1851, eighteen chiefs of Ngati-Mahanga and Ngati-Hourua, headed by William Naylor, sold to Queen Victoria for the sum of £400 (modern equivalent about $50,000[11]), 19,680 acres (7,960 ha) of country bordering on the southern shores of the harbour. The western boundary of the Whaingaroa Block, as it came to be known, began at Putoetoe (the point on which the town of Raglan now stands) and followed the Opotoru Stream inland. Leaving that stream at its junction with the Hutewai, the line ran south beyond Te Mata to a point "marked by a hole dug by the side of the path to Aotea. Here it turned north-eastward to run (again in a straight line) for eight miles through dense forest to meet the Waitetuna River, the last few miles of which formed the eastern boundary."[12]

In 1852 John and George Moon, walked to Te Uku from New Plymouth, introducing the first sheep, and the first horse-drawn vehicle. In 1856 Abraham Kescel bought 242 acres (98 ha) at Okete and Charles Savage also came from Taranaki. James La Trobe settled in 1857.[13]

 
Waitetuna Redoubt was built to the south of the Narrows, as part of Colonel Richard Waddy’s supply route to the Waipa set up at the end of December 1863

Waitetuna Redoubt was built to the south of the Narrows, as part of Colonel Richard Waddy's end of December 1863 expedition to set up a supply line during the invasion of the Waikato. The route was too rugged and it and the redoubt were abandoned, probably before 7 February 1864. It remains as a well preserved earthwork, about 44 m (144 ft) across.[14]

A 1915 guide said, "Te Uku is a small township in Raglan County, 25 mi (40 km) from Frankton by coach, and about 9 mi (14 km) from Raglan, being on the main coach road between Frankton and Raglan. Its principal industries are dairying, flax milling, and timber."[15]

Roads

edit

There are three through roads serving Te Uku; the main east-west SH23, the road south to Te Mata and Kawhia, and the road north to Waingaro and State Highway 22.

The first road was built in 1863 from Raglan via Okete (Okete Rd remained the main road until 1906,[13] or possibly 1913, or later)[16] to the Waitetuna River.[17] The county history said, "For a dozen years or more before the county was formed (1875), 10 miles of roughly formed dirt road, wide enough to carry horse-drawn drays, linked Raglan township with the Waitetuna River. From there the packhorse route (originally known as the Tikihouhou Track) made by the Army during the Waikato War, wound a tortuous way across the ranges, but it was too narrow, and too steep in parts, to carry vehicles."[12] It became a through road to Hamilton in 1879.[18] It was metalled between 1914[12] and 1921[19] and sealing started in 1937,[20] but wasn't completed until 1961.[12]

From the formation of Raglan Town (1868) and Karioi (1870) Highways Boards, road building was paid for by local rates.[12] After the Immigration and Public Works Act of 1870, government also contributed.[21] In 1870 the Karioi Board decided to make a start on Kauroa Rd south to Te Mata. By 1880 it was described as "a more than ordinarily good road", with the bush "felled for some distance on either hand" and "several well cultivated farms".[22] Metal was reported as being spread to Te Mata from Ponds Rd in 1906[23] and the road was reported as metalled through to Kawhia in[24] 1928.[25]

The road north to Waingaro developed with settlement from 1874.[26] Bridges over the Ohautira and Rautawhairi creeks were tendered in 1887. It was metalled in 1937[27] and seal completed in 2006.[28]

Dennis trucks were reported as replacing horses and bullock teams from 1922.[29]

Railways

edit

Te Uku almost got a railway too. In 1923 the Waikato-West Coast railway district was set up[30] under the 1914 Local Railways Act, which enabled cheaper construction of railways.[31] It got a detailed survey done for a 2 ft 6in gauge railway[32] and had a contractor ready to build a line[33] through the Waitetuna valley, past Te Uku School and Okete Falls and along the edge of the harbour to Raglan.[13] However, it was opposed by local MP Alexander Young,[34] the proposed local rate was defeated in an election in 1923[35] and the Board was wound up in 1928.[36] The voting area included ratepayers who would have gained little from the railway, such as those in Ngāhinapōuri and south of Kawhia Harbour. Generally those areas which would have benefitted from the railway voted for it, the exception being Te Uku.[37]

Buses

edit

Te Uku is served by the Raglan bus[38] and school buses,[39] but once also had services north and south. The first Hamilton-Raglan coach ran in 1880[40] and became a service car route about 1916. From March 1922 a two and a half hour, Pakoka Landing to Frankton, via Te Mata, "Silver Trail", bus service started, with a motor launch connection to Kawhia on Fridays.[41] Problems with rough roads and tides caused it to fail. In 1938 Western Highways started a service from Kawhia to Auckland via Makomako, Te Mata, Waingaro and Tuakau (via Highway 22) and back the next day. In 1946 Brosnan Motors started a daily run, leaving Kawhia at 5.45am, arriving at Auckland at 1pm, returning at 2 pm. and back at Kawhia about 9.30pm. In 1950 Brosnan Motors sold the Raglan-Kawhia run to Norman Rankin, who ended it in 1952. Brosnan Motors sold the Raglan-Auckland run to Pavlovich Motors in 1971. The first bus used on the Auckland-Kawhia run was a 7-seater Studebaker. Then a 10-seater Dodge used by Norman Collett later gave way to a 14-seater Oldsmobile. As the roads improved 18 and 21-seater Diamond T buses took over. Later 40-seaters ran from Raglan to Auckland,[42] until Pavlovich closed the route in 1976.[26]

Churches

edit

On 29 January 1873 Abraham Kescel donated an acre or so of land to the Anglican Church. The church was also used as a school. The church was burnt down about 1880.[13] In 1880 the Wesleyan and Anglican Churches were described as two tiny buildings near the Okete River ford.[43]

In 1872 a Congregational church was built[44] about 30 chains nearer Raglan, on land originally taken up by W. Cogswell. A section of about 3 acres was acquired, running from the road to the top of the hill. It was built by Jim Pearce and Joseph Pretty. A scrub fire about 1904 quickly ran up the hill, and completely demolished the building. A 20 feet high stone cairn was built here in 1971.[13]

2.6 km (1.6 mi) east of Te Uku,[45] St Paul's Anglican church was built in 1906 by Ernest Morris of Morris and Emmett. A Building Inspector said it had to be demolished, because rain water had caused extensive rot and it had begun to fall sideways and nobody should enter while there was any wind movement. A last service was held on Sunday 13 April 1980. Demolition was on 14 January 1981 and a memorial plaque laid in 1982 and dedicated on 20 March 1983.[46] St Paul's Cemetery remains beside the main road.[47]

After the 1904 fire, there seems to have been a gap in Methodist worship until the Memorial Hall was used shortly after it was built in 1919.[13] Arthur Moon married Janet McFarlane, from the Isle of Skye, who had trained as a nurse in Glasgow. They had one son, Keith, who was killed while serving in the R.N.Z.A.F. in World War 2. In 1950, Mrs Moon built the Moon Memorial Methodist Church.[13] Surfside (affiliated with the Assemblies of God)[48] bought it in 2003.[49]

Flax mills

edit
 
Flax mill at Okete Falls in 1910 [http://www.natlib.govt.nz/records/22811490 Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington.

In the 19th and early 20th centuries there were many flax mills around Te Uku. The longest lived started about 1868, when Wallis Brothers used a water-wheel to drive a mill at Okete Falls. The overshot wheel was replaced by a pelton wheel in 1902. In 1925, due to shortage of flax, the pelton wheel was attached to a generator and the flax mill closed.[13]

A year later it was reported, "The flax mill belonging to Captain Johnstone is just being completed. This will make the seventh flax mill erected here within about a twelvemonth. These are all in full work, and three others are in preparation. The mills completed and working full time belong to the following gentlemen Messrs Wilson, Moon, Sutton, Wallis, McDonald, Mitchell, and Captain Johnstone. The other mills being erected are by Messrs. Ogilvie, of Auckland, McDonald. and La Trobe."[50]

Two decades later there was a list of "industries along the Raglan and Waipa Road. Five miles from Raglan, we come to the flax-mill of Messrs Wallis just above the beautiful Okete Falls, having abundance of water for the mill. The next mill is that of Mr Wilson, now leased to Messrs Ormiston. A few miles along the flax mill of Mr La Trobe at the junction of the Waipa and Kauroa roads. The next mill is that of Mr Moon, which is not in work just now, but is expected soon to be. On the Hot Springs Road, a short distance from its junction with the Waipa Road, is the flax mill of Mr Cogswell."[51]

As with mills elsewhere in the country, they succumbed to shortage of flax due to fires, drainage and grazing. Little remains; a few parts of Okete mill lie near the falls and its pelton wheel stands outside Raglan museum.[52] Of George Leakey's 1900s mill on the Okete stream, the mill race was, in 1975, still visible "for several 100 yards" below St Paul's cemetery.[13]

Memorial Hall

edit

The hall was built in 1919 on land donated by Arthur Moon as a memorial to the 1914–18 war. Timber was felled on Mount Karioi, milled at Armstrong's mill at Te Mata, carted by Te Uku farmers and erected by J. Munro of Raglan. Dressing rooms were added later and used for a library, and Plunket room. Apart from dancing, the hall was also used for films, Women's Institute, a garden circle, bowls, badminton and meetings.[13] It was replaced in April 1951 due to borer damage.[53]

Quarries

edit

Te Uku limeworks opened in the 1930s, just north of Te Uku Landing. Over about 15 years it crushed several thousand tons for agricultural use and driveways, initially with a traction engine and later with electric power.[13]

Okete quarry opened beside Okete Falls in the 1940s.[54] The rock is Basanite, erupted between 2.69 and 1.8 million years ago.[55]

Te Uku Landing

edit
 
Te Uku Landing, 1910 - Photograph taken by Gilmour Brothers. Price, William Archer, 1866–1948 :Collection of post card negatives. Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington.

Te Uku Landing is 3.7 km (2.3 mi) from Te Uku, though a 17 acres (6.9 ha) public reserve still exists half a mile closer,[56] which was planned to be the landing before the surveyors realised the difficulty of navigating the rapids.[13] In a 1904 Chronicle, Langley was advertising for cargo for the launch 'Nita', which ran from Raglan to Te Uku every Tuesday.[26] The last auction to lease Te Uku landing reserve (for a term of 14 years) seems to have been in 1918.[57] Presumably after that it declined as the roads took over the main transport role.

Sawmills

edit

A mill at Ohautira opened in 1943 and closed in the early 1960s.[13] It was still marked on the 1978 map.[58]

Saleyards

edit

Before Kauroa saleyards were first used on 21 January 1914,[59] sheep and cattle yards had existed at the start of the road to Waingaro.[29] Local farmers formed Kauroa Saleyards Society in 1977, when the yards were threatened with closure,[13] and continue[60] to hold sales.[61]

Shops

edit

Te Uku store opened in 1924 on land which the Anglican Church had planned to use as a graveyard.[13]

Post office

edit

Te Uku's first Post Office opened in 1894, about halfway between Te Uku and Waitetuna. It was replaced on the current site, next door to the shop and school, in 1925.[62] The Post Office was among many closed by Richard Prebble on 5 February 1988.[63] It then became a gallery and was renovated to its current coffee bar use, as Te Uku Roast Office, in 2011.[64]

Telephone
edit

A line connecting Raglan and Hamilton served Te Uku from 1884.[65] A telephone office opened in 1906 and an exchange with 15 subscribers in 1924.[66] Te Uku microwave tower was built in the 1950s[citation needed] and Te Uku exchange was automated in the 1970s.[26] In 2016 the Te Uku cell tower, built under the Rural Broadband Initiative, improved wireless broadband and mobile phone coverage.[67]

Electricity

edit

Apart from two small 1920s hydro electric schemes,[26] Te Uku was without electricity until 27 September 1935,[68] after which there was a formal switching on ceremony.[69] Connections to other parts of the district were slow, Ruapuke not being connected until 1966.[70] Te Uku windfarm opened in 2011, but there is no direct connection, Te Uku continuing to be supplied from the 11 kV substation on the corner of Ohautira Rd.[71]

Historic photos

edit

Many photographs were taken for Gilmour Bros, the Raglan store,[72] in 1910. These are on the National Library website –

There's also an Auckland Weekly News photo – Flight-Sergeant K. M. Moon, of Te Uku, missing on operations 1943

Education

edit

In 1871 Waitetuna residents agreed to build a school, but an 1872 flood washed away the timber for the scheme. A half-time school and a private school ran for a while. Waitetuna School District was gazetted in 1873, but the Education Rate proved insufficient to pay the teacher and the school closed in 1875.

A new school on donated land opened, with a teacher's residence added in 1877 and an adjacent 11 acres added by the Waste Lands Board in 1878. As early as 1882 a petition requested the school be moved away from the damp hollow, but nothing happened until the main road was diverted through the grounds in 1906.

On 24 August 1903 Waitetuna School changed its name to Te Uku. In August 1908 the present school was established about 800 metres to the east, with one room on another 2 acres of donated land. Inadvertently, an acre of Church land was taken by the school until sold for a post office and store in 1923. A second classroom was added in 1935, a teacher's house in 1941, a concrete play area in 1948, a football paddock leased from 1951, a prefab added in 1954, a lavatory block in 1957, a school pool in 1961 and the Aramiro School building moved here in 1965.

Ohautira Maori School closed in 1969, shortly after the timber mill, and in 1975 another classroom was added.[13] The Ohautira school building was moved to Motumaoho in 1969.[75]

Te Uku School is now a co-educational state primary school,[76][77] with a roll of 158 as of August 2024.[78]

Other primary schools in the area are at Te Mata and Waitetuna, and there is a composite school at Raglan.

Okete

edit
 
Okete Bay, Howdenville, Motutara Island and Mt Karioi

Okete is on the north-west side of Te Uku.[79] Four Okete pā sites are listed in the District Plan.[80] Okete Methodist Church opened in 1872[81] and by 1874 the church was also being used as a school.[82] As mentioned above, a flax mill started about 1868 and another burnt down in 1885.[83] Okete Post Office burnt down in 1904[84] and the same year, the church also burnt down.[85] It was replaced in 1905.[86] In 1886 Okete's population was 39.[87] In 1906 it was 26.[88] The 2013 population of meshblocks 0860500 and 0860600 was 228.[89] Okete Road was a mud road until 1921, when metalling began.[90] In 2011 the road south of Okete Stream was straightened and sealed.[91] About 2 km (1.2 mi) remains as a gravel road.[79] The small settlement of Howdenville was built at the entrance to Okete Bay, on land sold by the Wallis family to Les Howden, a Hamilton jeweller.[92] The former quarry beside Okete Falls has been planted with native trees.[93]

References

edit
  1. ^ "Determination of representation arrangements to apply for the election of the Waikato District Council to be held on 8 October 2022" (PDF). Local Government Commission. clause 93.
  2. ^ a b c d "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 15 April 2024.
  3. ^ a b c "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. 7011336 and 7011338.
  4. ^ "Progress of Te Uku. (New Zealand Herald, 1925-01-29)". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz National Library of New Zealand. Retrieved 24 February 2017.
  5. ^ "Aotearoa Data Explorer". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  6. ^ a b "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Te Uku (171800). 2018 Census place summary: Te Uku
  7. ^ Clayton Waterhouse, Barry; P. J. White (1994). Geology of the Raglan-Kawhia Area. Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences (N.Z.). ISBN 0-478-08837-X.
  8. ^ "Whaingaroa (Raglan) Harbour: Sedimentation and the effects of historical catchment landcover changes". Waikato Regional Council. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
  9. ^ Kelly, Miromiro. "Ngāti Māhanga Cultural Impact Assessment". Waikato District Council. p. 5.
  10. ^ "NZAA Site Viewer". archsite.eaglegis.co.nz. Retrieved 14 June 2018.
  11. ^ "Inflation Calculator". www.rbnz.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 30 June 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2015.
  12. ^ a b c d e CW Vennell & Susan Williams (1976). Raglan County Hills and Sea 1876–1976. Wilson & Horton for Raglan County Council. ISBN 0868640026.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Vernon, R. T. (1975). Te Uku.
  14. ^ Prickett, Nigel (May 2016). "Fortifications of the New Zealand Wars – 4. Waikato" (PDF). Department of Conservation. ISBN 978-0-478-15069-8.
  15. ^ Bradbury's Illustrated Guide to The Raglan & Kawhia District. Bradbury. 1915.
  16. ^ "Waikato Argus RAGLAN COUNTY COUNCIL". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 16 January 1913. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  17. ^ "Papers Past — Daily Southern Cross — 2 January 1863 — RAGLAN. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) December 27th, 1862". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  18. ^ "Page 3 Advertisements Column 4". Waikato Times. 25 February 1879. p. 3. Retrieved 4 March 2016.
  19. ^ "Road To Raglan". The New Zealand Herald. 27 April 1921. p. 7. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  20. ^ "Road Improvements". The New Zealand Herald. 18 March 1937. p. 8. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  21. ^ Taonga, New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu. "8. – History of immigration – Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand". www.teara.govt.nz. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
  22. ^ "Papers Past — Waikato Times — 2 March 1880 — RAGLAN AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD. (By our Special Reporter.) III". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  23. ^ "Raglan County Chronicle 16 March1906".
  24. ^ "Local And General News". The New Zealand Herald. 9 February 1928. p. 8. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  25. ^ "Popular Resorts". The New Zealand Herald. 27 September 1928. p. 9. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  26. ^ a b c d e R T Vernon: Raglan
  27. ^ "Te Uku-waingaro Road". The New Zealand Herald. 1 December 1937. p. 10. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  28. ^ "Summary Annual Report 2006.indd". www.waikatodistrict.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 15 January 2015. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  29. ^ a b R T Vernon: Around Raglan 1981
  30. ^ "Light Railways". Auckland Star. 30 April 1923. p. 7. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  31. ^ "Local Railways Act 1914 (5 GEO V 1914 No 32)". www.nzlii.org. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
  32. ^ "Light Railway Project". The New Zealand Herald. 29 May 1923. p. 10. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  33. ^ "Light Railway Lines". The New Zealand Herald. 7 June 1921. p. 6. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  34. ^ "Widening Horizon". The New Zealand Herald. 29 May 1923. p. 2. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  35. ^ "Hamilton-west Coast Railway". Auckland Star. 5 October 1923. p. 3. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  36. ^ "Abandoned Project". Auckland Star. 9 November 1928. p. 8. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  37. ^ "Waikato-West Coast Railway Board. Thursday's Election. Waikato Times". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 8 October 1923. Retrieved 28 August 2022.
  38. ^ Council. "Raglan 23". busit.co.nz. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
  39. ^ Ltd, Webconception. "Bus Timetable & Policies – Te Uku School". www.teuku.school.nz. Retrieved 16 February 2016.
  40. ^ "The Raglan Road". Waikato Times. 19 February 1880. p. 2. Retrieved 5 March 2016.
  41. ^ Auckland Star, Volume LIII, Issue 62, 15 March 1922, Page 14 Pakoka-Te Mata-Frankton advert launching bus service
  42. ^ R T Vernon: Aotea Chapter 32
  43. ^ "Papers Past — Waikato Times — 2 March 1880 — RAGLAN AND ITS NEIGHBOURHOOD. (By our Special Reporter.) III". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
  44. ^ "Local Epitome". New Zealand Herald. 20 March 1872. pp. 2 3. Retrieved 23 January 2016.
  45. ^ "Te Uku to St Paul's Cemetery Te Uku". Google maps. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  46. ^ Amoore, Elizabeth (2003). St Paul's Church Te Uku.
  47. ^ "St Paul's memorial, Te Uku". nzhistory.govt.nz. 17 February 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2022.
  48. ^ "About Surfside". Welcome to Surfside Church, Raglan NZ. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
  49. ^ "Moon memorial church, Te Uku | NZHistory, New Zealand history online". www.nzhistory.net.nz. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
  50. ^ Daily Southern Cross, 16 November 1869 – Raglan flax operations
  51. ^ Waikato Times, 10 July 1888
  52. ^ Raglan and District Museum – Pelton wheel
  53. ^ "Te Uku memorial hall | NZHistory, New Zealand history online". www.nzhistory.net.nz. Retrieved 22 January 2016.
  54. ^ "Quarry Explosion". The New Zealand Herald. 24 February 1944. p. 6. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  55. ^ R. M. BRIGGS (1989). "Ages of the Pliocene-Pleistocene Alexandra and Ngatutura Volcanics, western North Island, New Zealand, and some geological implications" (PDF). New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 32: 417–427. doi:10.1080/00288306.1989.10427549.
  56. ^ "Walking Access Mapping System". wams.org.nz. Geographic Business Solutions (GBS). Retrieved 22 January 2016.
  57. ^ Waikato Times, Volume 89, Issue 13937, 12 December 1918, Page 2 – RCC meeting
  58. ^ "1:63360 map Sheet: N55 Te Akau". www.mapspast.org.nz. 1978. Retrieved 23 September 2022.
  59. ^ "Page 4 Advertisements Column 5". Waikato Argus. 14 January 1914. p. 4. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  60. ^ "Revocation of Dissolution of Incorporated Societies – 2015-is5767 – New Zealand Gazette". gazette.govt.nz. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  61. ^ "Livestock Sales – Upcoming Sales – Agonline – The easy way to buy and sell online". agonline.co.nz. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
  62. ^ "Progress Of Te Uku". New Zealand Herald. 29 January 1925. p. 12. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  63. ^ "List of P.O. closings and modifications. Press". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 16 October 1987. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
  64. ^ "Raglan artist publishes book on Te Uku Post Office history". www.raglan23.co.nz. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
  65. ^ "Saturday, July 5, 1884". Waikato Times. 5 July 1884. p. 2. Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  66. ^ "Progress Of Te Uku". The New Zealand Herald. 29 January 1925. p. 12. Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  67. ^ "Raglan Chronicle". Issuu. Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  68. ^ "THE CENTRAL ELECTRIC POWER BOARD annual report 1936".
  69. ^ "Power For Raglan". The New Zealand Herald. 4 December 1935. p. 10. Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  70. ^ Gilson, Chris (2005). Wiring up the Waikato. WEL Networks.
  71. ^ "Big transformer delivered to WEL's new Substation". www.raglan23.co.nz. Retrieved 7 March 2016.
  72. ^ "Raglan". Waikato Times. 20 May 1905. p. 2. Retrieved 18 March 2016.
  73. ^ "Fires". Waikato Argus. 26 July 1906. p. 2. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
  74. ^ "Life's Handicaps". Mataura Ensign. 24 March 1911. p. 7. Retrieved 26 January 2016.
  75. ^ "Motumaoho School and District Centenary". www.schoolandcollegelistings.com. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  76. ^ "Official School Website". teuku.school.nz.
  77. ^ "Ministry of Education School Profile". educationcounts.govt.nz. Ministry of Education.
  78. ^ "Education Review Office Report". ero.govt.nz. Education Review Office.
  79. ^ a b "Okete, Waikato". NZ Topo Map. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  80. ^ "Proposed District Plan (Stage 1) Schedule 30.3 Maaori Sites of Significance" (PDF). Waikato District Council. 18 July 2018.
  81. ^ "LOCAL EPITOME. NEW ZEALAND HERALD". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 20 March 1872. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  82. ^ "GOVERNMENT CARE OF IMMIGRANTS. DAILY SOUTHERN CROSS". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 23 January 1874. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  83. ^ "FIRE AT OKETE. WAIKATO TIMES". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 11 August 1885. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  84. ^ "WAIKATO ARGUS – FIRE AT OKETE". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 4 May 1904. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  85. ^ "FIRE AT RAGLAN. WAIKATO TIMES". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 29 March 1904. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  86. ^ "WAIKATO TIMES – RAGLAN". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 1 February 1905. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  87. ^ "RESULTS OF A CENSUS OF THE COLONY OF NEW ZEALAND taken for the night of the 28th March 1886".
  88. ^ "RESULTS OF A CENSUS OF THE COLONY OF NEW ZEALAND TAKEN FOR THE NIGHT OF THE 29th APRIL, 1906".
  89. ^ "Population by meshblock (2013 Census) – GIS | New Zealand | GIS Map Data Datafinder Geospatial Statistics | Stats NZ Geographic Data Service". datafinder.stats.govt.nz. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  90. ^ "RAGLAN COUNTY COUNCIL. WAIKATO TIMES". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 11 November 1921. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  91. ^ "Road Realignment-State Highway 23 Okete Intersection, Waikato District – 2011-ln5442 – New Zealand Gazette". gazette.govt.nz. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
  92. ^ Venetia Sherson (2008). Baches of Raglan. ISBN 9780958290203.
  93. ^ "Coastal forest planting completed at Okete Reserve". Waikato District Council. Retrieved 22 November 2022.
edit
 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Te Uku.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Te_Uku&oldid=1252034779#Education"