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Tegernsee

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Tegernsee is a town[3] in the Miesbach district of Bavaria, Germany. It is located on the shore of Lake Tegernsee, which is 747 m (2,451 ft) above sea level. A spa town, it is surrounded by an alpine landscape of Upper Bavaria, and has an economy mainly based on tourism.

Stadt Tegernsee
Town
Panorama of the town from across the lake
Panorama of the town from across the lake
Coat of arms of Stadt Tegernsee
Coat of arms
Location of Stadt Tegernsee within Miesbach district
AustriaBad Tölz-WolfratshausenEbersberg (district)Munich (district)RosenheimRosenheim (district)Bad WiesseeBayrischzellFischbachauGmund am TegernseeHaushamHolzkirchenIrschenbergKreuthMiesbachOtterfingRottach-EgernSchlierseeTegernseeValleyWaakirchenWarngauWeyarn
Stadt Tegernsee is located in Germany
Stadt Tegernsee
Stadt Tegernsee
Stadt Tegernsee is located in Bavaria
Stadt Tegernsee
Stadt Tegernsee
Coordinates: 47°42′N 11°46′E / 47.700°N 11.767°E / 47.700; 11.767
CountryGermany
StateBavaria
Admin. regionOberbayern
DistrictMiesbach
Government
 • Mayor (2020–26) Johannes Hagn[1] (CSU)
Area
 • Total
22.77 km2 (8.79 sq mi)
Elevation
747 m (2,451 ft)
Population
 (2023-12-31)[2]
 • Total
3,967
 • Density170/km2 (450/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
83684
Dialling codes08022
Vehicle registrationMB
Websiterathaus-tegernsee.de

The town is home to a former Benedictine monastery, the Tegernsee Abbey. Today the building is a Schloss. The northern wing of the abbey contains a brewery that produces the famous Tegernsee Lager Beer.

History

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The original settlers of the area around the lake are not known. The recorded history of the region and of the town began with the arrival of the Bavarians in the sixth century AD. The noble family of the Agilolfings ruled this region and the entire Duchy of Bavaria.[4]

 
Tegernsee – Photocrom postcard from 1900

In 746, the brothers Adalbert and Ottokar, of the noble family of Huosi, founded a Benedictine monastery, Tegernsee Abbey. Its name derives from Old High German tegarin seo, meaning "large lake".[5] Although much of the town's early history was lost as a result of Magyar incursions in the tenth century,[citation needed] it is known that relics of St. Quirinus, which the founders of the abbey obtained from Pope Paul I, were transferred in the eighth century from Rome to Tegernsee in order to be placed in its first church. The monastery had a substantial influence on the development of Southern Bavaria during the Middle Ages. It fell into decay in 907 after a series of defeats by the Magyars. It was secularized in 921 by Duke Arnulf and re-established in 979 by Emperor Otto II and Duke Otto I of Bavaria. The emperor appointed a new abbot and granted the rights of free election of the abbot, freedom from taxes, and imperial protection. Thus removed from the suzerainty of the Bavarian rulers, the abbey recovered its prosperity [6] and grew culturally and artistically. Workshops were founded for book making, for glass painting, and for goldsmithing. Around 1030, Ruodlieb, an early German romance of knightly adventure written in Latin verse, likely was written there. In 1165, Holy Roman Emperor Friedrich I visited the abbey. In the fifteenth century Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa corresponded with the abbot and the prior about issues including mystical theology.

Because of its naturally protected position, Tegernsee suffered less from war and hardship than other parts of Bavaria. However, it was affected by the Black Death during the Thirty Years' War of 1618–1648. The monastery was secularized in 1803 and was acquired by the Bavarian royal family, the Wittelsbachs, who made it their summer residence. They brought court life and visitors to the lake, starting the tourism that characterizes the area today.[7] The town experienced tribulations during the War of the Austrian Succession of 1740–1748 and suffered many casualties in wars from the Austro-Prussian War in 1866 until World War II.[4]

The abbey buildings were used as a military hospital during World War II. The valley became overcrowded with evacuees, who were there for protection from the bombing of urban areas. In the final weeks of the war, an SS division moved into the valley and built defenses against the American forces advancing from Bad Tölz.

On May 3, 1945, as American artillery prepared to open fire on the town, a wounded officer in the German army, Maj. Hannibal von Lüttichau, who was recovering in the makeshift military hospital, persuaded the SS to withdraw in order to save the town and its large population of noncombatants from the imminent bombardment. After persuading the SS to withdraw from the town, the Major advanced unarmed, in uniform, and alone toward the American forces under a white flag and he convinced the commanding officer to spare the town.[8]

Geography

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Aerial view of Lake Tegernsee and the village

Tegernsee is located in the Bavarian Alps, on the eastern shore of Lake Tegernsee, neighbouring Gmund am Tegernsee and Hausham are to the north, Schliersee is to the east, and Rottach-Egern to the south. The Bavarian state capital, Munich, is approximately 50 km (31 mi) north of the town, and the Austrian state of Tyrol is approximately 20 km (12 mi) south.

The Alpbach stream, the bed of which was cleaned up in 2010, runs through the center of Tegernsee.[9] The Rottach river flows partly along the boundary between the communities of Tegernsee and Rottach-Egern. The Baumgartenschneid, a 1,448 metre high mountain, is located not far from the town.

At the 2010 census, Tegernsee had a population of 3,889, of whom 1,672 were male and 2,217 female.[10]

Attractions

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Schloss Tegernsee, the former Benedictine Abbey
 
Schloss Tegernsee viewed from the lake

The former Benedictine Abbey of Tegernsee is open to visitors. The complex is composed of the parish church of Saint Quirinus, the former abbey church, and the adjacent north and south wings surrounding the two courtyards. The north wing hosts the Ducal Bavarian Brewery of Tegernsee, one of Germany's oldest breweries.[11] The entire complex is called Schloss Tegernsee and it has been owned by the Wittelsbach family since 1817.[12]

Other historic buildings in Tegernsee include the homes of the writer Ludwig Ganghofer and the painter Joseph Karl Stieler, and the summer residence of Lord Acton. The Olaf Gulbransson Museum has been open since 1966 and is dedicated to the art of the Norwegian painter and caricaturist Olaf Gulbransson.[13] The Museum Tegernseer Tal was established in 1999 in the Old Rectory of Tegernsee. It has 17 exhibition rooms, and its theme is the history and culture of the Tegernsee valley from the Middle Ages to the present.[14] The Tegernseer Volkstheater has been in use since 1898.[15]

The area around the Tegernsee lake serves as a recreational area.[16] It is surrounded by the Bavarian Alps and occupies approximately 9 km2 (3.5 sq mi).[17] It offers aquatic sports such as swimming and fishing, and other activities including hiking and Nordic walking.[18] One may climb the 700 metres to the top of the Baumgartenschneid: the ascent takes two hours and the descent one and a half hours.[19]

Economy

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Tourism plays an important part in the economy of the city and the district.[20] The local Orthopedic Clinic is the town's largest employer.[21] Since 2003, the city has hosted the annual Tegernsee International Mountain Film Festival during October, in which movies depicting life in the mountains compete.[22][23]

Transport

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Tegernsee is connected to Bundesstraße 307, which runs from Gmund am Tegernsee to the Sylvenstein Dam. The Bundesautobahn 8 passes approximately 20 km to the north. The 9559 Tegernsee-Ringlinie bus connects Tegernsee with Rottach-Egern, Bad Wiessee and Gmund am Tegernsee.[24]

The railway station is the terminus of the privately owned Tegernsee-Bahn and is linked to Munich by through trains of the Bayerische Oberlandbahn. It is also a principal stop for the pleasure boat services operated on the lake by the Bayerische Seenschifffahrt company.[25]

Politics

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Coat of arms

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The coat of arms of Tegernsee is divided into four quarters: the upper left and lower right quarters each depict three golden crowns on a blue background; the other two quarters depict water-lily leaves with entwined stalks above blue waves on a silver background. It was granted in 1886 and is based on the coat of arms of Tegernsee Abbey that dates from 1565.[26]

Twin towns

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In 2006, Tegernsee twinned with Dürnstein, an Austrian town on the Danube.[27]

  Dürnstein, Austria

Sports

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Tegernsee is the home town of Viktoria Rebensburg, an alpine ski racer who won the gold medal in the women's giant slalom at the 2010 Winter Olympics.[28] She also won the giant slalom title in the 2011 Alpine Skiing World Cup.

The town also is home to the sports association TV Tegernsee, whose chess club played until the 2008–2009 season in the first division of the German Bundesliga.[29][30]

Daughters and sons of the town

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Duchess Marie Gabrielle von Bayern, around 1900

Notable residents

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Josef Stieler, around 1857

References

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  1. ^ Liste der ersten Bürgermeister/Oberbürgermeister in kreisangehörigen Gemeinden, Bayerisches Landesamt für Statistik, 15 July 2021.
  2. ^ Genesis Online-Datenbank des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Statistik Tabelle 12411-003r Fortschreibung des Bevölkerungsstandes: Gemeinden, Stichtag (Einwohnerzahlen auf Grundlage des Zensus 2011).
  3. ^ legally, its governmental incorporation was upgraded to a city (Stadt) on 1954-05-15
  4. ^ a b "Geschichte". Tegernsee's Government Site (in German). Tegernsee's Government. Archived from the original on 28 March 2017. Retrieved 14 May 2017.
  5. ^ "Der See mit Geschichte". Tegernsee's Official Site (in German). Tegernsee's Government. Archived from the original on 28 August 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
  6. ^ "Tegernsee". Catholic Encyclopedia. Retrieved 8 September 2011.
  7. ^ "Der See mit Geschichte". Gmund am Tegernsee's Government Site (in German). Gmund am Tegernsee's Government. Archived from the original on 5 September 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2011.
  8. ^ "In Germany, War and Reunion:German Town Where Opposing Soldiers Prevented Destruction". The New York Times. May 26, 2010. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
  9. ^ "Der Alpbach in Tegernsee fließt – vorläufig aber nur durch zwei Rohre". Tegernseer Stimme (in German). 16 November 2010. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
  10. ^ "Bevölkerung: Gemeinden, Geschlecht, Quartale, Jahr". Bavarian Office of Statistic and Data Processing (in German). Retrieved 14 September 2011.
  11. ^ "Patenfirma Herzoglich Bayerisches Brauhaus Tegernsee" (in German). Bayerische Brau AG. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
  12. ^ "Geschichte". Gymnasium Tegernsee (in German). Archived from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
  13. ^ a b "Olaf Gulbransson". Olaf Gulbransson Museum's Site (in German). Olaf Gulbransson Museum. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
  14. ^ "Das Museum Tegernseer Tal". Tegernsee's Site (in German). Tegernsee's town Government. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
  15. ^ "Volkstheater". Tegernsee's Site (in German). Tegernsee's town Government. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
  16. ^ "Abschalten und Kraft tanken". Tegernsee's Official Site (in German). Tegernsee's Government. Archived from the original on 2011-10-10. Retrieved 2011-07-11.
  17. ^ "Tegernsee (lake, Germany)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica's online version. Retrieved 2011-07-11.
  18. ^ "Tegernsee". Munich's Official Site. Munich's city Government. Retrieved 2011-07-11.
  19. ^ Wecker, Evamaria; Stitzinger, Luis (2002). Bergtouren mit Bus & Bahn, Bayerische Alpen (in German). Verlag Geobuch. p. 147. ISBN 3-925308-09-1.
  20. ^ "Alpenregion Tegernsee Schliersee". Miesbach district's Official Site (in German). Miesbach district's Government. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
  21. ^ "Orthopädische Klinik: Neubau am alten Standort". Münchner Merkur (in German). Die Merkur Online. July 7, 2011. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
  22. ^ "9th Tegernsee International Mountain Film Festival". Bergfilm Festival Tegernsee (in German). Die Merkur Online. July 7, 2011. Archived from the original on September 5, 2011. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
  23. ^ Tegernsee International Mountain Film Festival Retrieved 8 October 2018
  24. ^ "Ringlinie 9559 Tegernsee – Gmund, Bad Wiessee – Rottach-Egern – Tegernsee" (PDF) (in German). Regionalverkehr Oberbayern. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-17. Retrieved 2011-09-04.
  25. ^ "Bayerische Seenschifffahrt" (in German and English). Bayerische Seenschifffahrt. Retrieved 2011-07-11.
  26. ^ Mages, Emma. "Bayerns Gemeinden". Haus der Bayrischen Geschichte (in German). Retrieved September 8, 2011.
  27. ^ "Partnerschaft mit Dürnstein" (PDF). Tegernseer Nachrichten (in German). Tegernsee's Town Government. February 2006. p. 2. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 23, 2022. Retrieved 2023-04-22.
  28. ^ Ski Racing.com – Olympics: Rebensburg gets GS gold, Mancuso eighth – 2010-02-25
  29. ^ "Schachklub Tegernsee Startseite". TV Tegernsee's chess club Official Site (in German). TV Tegernsee. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
  30. ^ "Schachticker" (in German). Retrieved May 6, 2014.
  31. ^ Mee, Arthur (1946). The King's England; Shropshire. Hodder & Stoughton. p. 153.
  32. ^ "Ludwig Ganghofer und Tegernsee". Kaufbeuren town's Site (in German). Kaufbeuren town's Government. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
  33. ^ "Monument to Joseph Karl Stieler in Tegernsee". Historisches Alpenarchiv (in German). TV Tegernsee. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
  34. ^ "Gold für Rebensburg". Mein Tegernsee (in German). 25 February 2010. Retrieved 14 September 2011.
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