The sandy gallito (Teledromas fuscus) is a species of suboscine passerine bird in the family Rhinocryptidae, the tapaculos. It is the only species placed in the genus Teledromas. It is endemic to Argentina.
| Sandy gallito | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Rhinocryptidae |
| Genus: | Teledromas Wetmore & Peters, 1922 |
| Species: | T. fuscus
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| Binomial name | |
| Teledromas fuscus (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1873)
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Taxonomy
editThe sandy gallito is the only member of its genus and has no subspecies.[2] It is genetically most closely related to the crested gallito (Rhinocrypta lanceolata).[3]
Description
editThe sandy gallito is 17 cm (6.7 in) long. Two male specimens weighed 35.4 and 41.8 g (1.25 and 1.47 oz) respectively; one female weighted 35.8 g (1.26 oz). In the adult, the crown of the head, back, and wings are light cinnamon as are the central feathers of the tail. The rest of the tail is blackish. The throat and chest are white, blending to light cinnamon on the flanks and vent area. The juvenile is thought to have similar plumage.[4]
The typical song of the sandy gallito is a phrase off "loud 'tchowk' notes" repeated up to five times in Río Negro and up to 10 times in other parts of the range.[4]
Distribution and habitat
editThe sandy gallito is a year round resident of the eastern slope of the Andes of Argentina from southwestern Salta Province in the north to Río Negro Province in the south. For most of that range it is found up to 3,500 m (11,500 ft) and in Salta up to 4,000 m (13,000 ft). Its habitat is subtropical or tropical dry shrubland characterized by sparse vegetation on sand and gravel, dry washes, and ravines.[1][4]
Behavior
editFeeding
editThe sandy gallito's principal food is thought to be arthropods. It forages solely on the ground while trying to stay hidden by running between bushes.[4]
Breeding
editThe sandy gallitos's nest is an open cup of grass, usually constructed at the end of a tunnel up to 50 cm (20 in) long. Eggs are laid between November and February.[4]
Status
editThe IUCN has assessed the sandy gallito as of Least Concern. Though its population has not been determined, it is believed to be stable and the species is thought to be fairly common. It inhabits several protected areas and its habitat is not amenable to agricultural development.[1][4]
References
edit- ^ a b c BirdLife International (2016). "Teledromas fuscus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22703443A93923357. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22703443A93923357.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Antthrushes, antpittas, gnateaters, tapaculos, crescentchests". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
- ^ Harvey, M.G.; et al. (2020). "The evolution of a tropical biodiversity hotspot". Science. 370 (6522): 1343–1348. Bibcode:2020Sci...370.1343H. doi:10.1126/science.aaz6970. hdl:10138/329703. PMID 33303617. A high resolution version of the phylogenetic tree in Figure 1 is available from the first author's website here.
- ^ a b c d e f Krabbe, N. and T. S. Schulenberg (2020). Sandy Gallito (Teledromas fuscus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.sangal1.01 retrieved April 24, 2021