Hydride tellurides are mixed anion compounds containing both hydride and telluride ions. They are in the category of heteroanionic chalcogenides, or mixed anion compounds. Related compounds include the oxyhydrides, hydride sulfides, and hydride selenides.[1]
Formation
editSalt-like hydride tellurides may be formed by heating tellurium with a metal hydride in an oxygen-free capsule at around 700°C with a caesium chloride flux to assist in crystal formation. For rare earth elements, this method works as long as tellurium has enough oxidising power to convert a +2 oxidation state to a +3 state. So for samarium, europium, thulium and ytterbium it does not work as the monotelluride is more stable with the metal in a +2 oxidation state. Also scandium and lutetium atoms are too small.[1]
- LaH3 + Te → LaHTe + H2
Tellurido-hydrido-transition metal complexes are known. They are formed by heating metal hydrido complexes with tellurium.[2]
- L2MH3 + 2 Te → L2M(Te2)H + H2
- L2MH3 + Te → L2M(=Te)H + H2
where L and M represent ... [clarification needed]
Properties
editWith rare earth elements the hydride tellurides all have the same structure as the small or heavy rare-earth elements. Six selenium ions are arranged in a trigonal prism around the rare-earth atom. The rectangular faces are capped with hydride ions. Bond lengths are about the same as for binary tellurides and hydrides.[1]
When heated to 1100°C, rare-earth hydride tellurides decompose to a monotelluride:[3]
2LaHTe → 2LaTe + H2
List
edit| Formula | Crystal system |
Space group |
Unit cell (in angstroms) |
Volume | Density | Notes | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [η1-3,5-tBu2pz(η-Al)H)2Te]•CH3C6H5
pz=pyrazolato |
monoclinic | P21/n | a=12.288 b=15.592 c= 18.031 β=106.29° Z=4 | 3316.1 | 1.270 | melt 250°C; colourless | [4] |
| YHTe | hexagonal | P6m2 | a=4.0095 c=4.1547 Z=1 | pale grey; water insensitive | [1][5] | ||
| (t-BuC5H4)2Nb(η2-Te2)H | dark orange | [6] | |||||
| [(C5Me5)2Nb(Te2)H] ?? | [7] | ||||||
| (tBuC5H4)2Nb(Te2)H·Cr(CO)5 | [7] | ||||||
| {(tBuC5H4)2NbH(Te)2}Fe2(CO)6 | [7] | ||||||
| {(tBuC5H4)2NbH(Te)2Fe2(CO)6}·Cr(CO)5 | [7] | ||||||
| Mo(PMe3)4(η2-Te2)H2 | monoclinic | P21/n | a=9.623 b=15.297 c=16.504 β=98.31° Z=4 | 2400 | black | [8] | |
| LaHTe | hexagonal | P6m2 | a=4.220 c=4.3914 Z=1 | pale grey | [1] | ||
| CeHTe | hexagonal | P6m2 | a=4.1756 c=4.3403 Z=1 | 6.81 | pale grey | [1] | |
| PrHTe | hexagonal | P6m2 | a=4.1461 c=4.3130 Z=1 | pale grey | [1] | ||
| NdHTe | hexagonal | P6m2 | a=4.1162 c=4.2897 Z=1 | pale grey | [1] | ||
| GdHTe | hexagonal | P6m2 | a=4.0413 c=4.2048 Z=1 | pale grey | [1] | ||
| TbHTe | hexagonal | P6m2 | a=4.0233 c=4.1639 Z=1 | pale grey | [1] | ||
| DyHTe | hexagonal | P6m2 | a=3.9984 c=4.1598 Z=1 | pale grey | [1] | ||
| HoHTe | hexagonal | P6m2 | a=3.9813 c=4.1489 Z=1 | pale grey | [1] | ||
| ErHTe | hexagonal | P6m2 | a=3.9659 c=4.1072 Z=1 | 8.78 | pale grey | [1] | |
| Cp*2Ta(Te2)H
Cp*2Ta=permethyltantalocene |
yellow | [2] | |||||
| Cp*2Ta(Te)H | [2] | ||||||
| W(PMe3)4(η2-Te2)H2 | [8] |
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Folchnandt, Matthias; Rudolph, Daniel; Hoslauer, Jean-Louis; Schleid, Thomas (26 June 2019). "The rare earth metal hydride tellurides RE HTe ( RE =Y, La–Nd, Gd–Er)". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B. 74 (6): 513–518. doi:10.1515/znb-2019-0060.
- ^ a b c Shin, Jun Ho; Parkin, Gerard (June 1994). "Telluroformaldehyde, Tellurido, and Ditellurido Derivatives of Permethyltantalocene". Organometallics. 13 (6): 2147–2149. doi:10.1021/om00018a004. ISSN 0276-7333.
- ^ Nachman, Joseph F.; Lundin, C. E. (March 1962). Rare Earth Research. CRC Press. p. 317. ISBN 978-0-677-10490-4.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^ Zheng, Wenjun; Mösch-Zanetti, Nadia C.; Roesky, Herbert W.; Noltemeyer, Mathias; Hewitt, Manuel; Schmidt, Hans-Georg; Schneider, Thomas R. (2000-12-01). "Alumoxane Hydride and Aluminum Chalcogenide Hydride Compounds with Pyrazolato Ligands". Angewandte Chemie (in German). 112 (23): 4446–4449. Bibcode:2000AngCh.112.4446Z. doi:10.1002/1521-3757(20001201)112:23<4446::AID-ANGE4446>3.0.CO;2-I.
- ^ "The Structure of Yttrium Hydride Telluride YHTe from Single-Crystal X-Ray Diffraction Data". Joint Polish-German Crystallographic Meeting, February 24–27, 2020, Wrocław, Poland: 64–65. 24 February 2020. doi:10.1515/9783110692914-002.
- ^ Ebner, Alexander; Meier, Walter; Mugnier, Yves; Wachter, Joachim (July 2007). "Investigation into the reaction of (t-BuC5H4)2Nb(η2-Te2)H with CH3Li: Hydride abstraction versus telluride methylation". Inorganica Chimica Acta. 360 (10): 3330–3334. doi:10.1016/j.ica.2007.03.060.
- ^ a b c d Wachter, Joachim (April 2004). "Metal Telluride Clusters — From Small Molecules to Polyhedral Structures". European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. 2004 (7): 1367–1378. doi:10.1002/ejic.200300935. ISSN 1434-1948.
- ^ a b Murphy, Vincent J.; Rabinovich, Daniel; Halkyard, Shannon; Parkin, Gerard (1995). "Oxidative cleavage of the Te–Te bond in η 2 -ditellurido complexes: syntheses and structures of M(PMe 3 ) 4 (η 2 -Te 2 )H 2 (M = Mo, W)". J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun. (11): 1099–1100. doi:10.1039/C39950001099. ISSN 0022-4936.