Christmas in Hungary is celebrated with traditions similar to those found in other Central European countries (See: Christmas worldwide) as well as customs unique to the region.
The Christmas and gift-giving season starts relatively early compared to other cultures, with the Hungarian version of Saint Nicholas, Mikulás (or Szent Miklós) traditionally visiting the homes of Hungarian children on the night of 5 December, on the eve of Saint Nicholas Feast Day, 6 December.
Although the role of gift-giver on Christmas Day itself is assigned to the Christ Child, on the night before St. Nicholas Day Hungarian children traditionally place a boot on their windowsill waiting for Mikulás to come by and fill it with treats.[1]
In Hungary, Mikulás often comes with an assistant: a Krampusz who comes to scare and punish naughty children. Children that behaved badly that year are given virgács,[2] a bundle of birch twigs. In the Czech Republic, Slovenia and Slovakia, Mikulás has another assistant, a good Angel, who gives out presents to good children. In the Netherlands and Belgium, he is often joined by a black-faced man called Zwarte Piet.
To expatriate Hungarians and those non-natives of Hungarian lineage, the celebration is often referred to as "Hungarian Christmas".
In the traditional Nicholas-walk, on 6 December, St. Nicholas comes clothed in a bishop's attire, a long red coat and a red cap on his head, holding a shepherd's crook in one hand, and carrying a sack full of gifts on his back. He cannot be seen because he arrives in the middle of the night when good little children are already fast asleep, so you'd better not try to stay up so late, otherwise he won't give you any presents, only a birch stick (virgács).[3]
Before 24 December, people decorate their houses and start to cook and bake. At Christmas, the family members come together and celebrate. On 24 December, people decorate the tree with ornaments and put the wrapped presents under it. On Christmas Eve, which is the day before Christmas Day, young children are waiting for the arrival of Jesus and especially for the presents. Gift-giving is done after the meal, and after singing carols around the tree.
On Holy Night, Hungarians listen to holiday songs such as "Silent Night" and sing or attend Christmas mass. They also burn candles on the Advent wreath during the four weeks before Christmas.
Hungarian Christmas meal
edit- Fish soup
- Stuffed cabbage
- Fried fish and rice
- Meats, such as chicken and pork, but turkey can also be used
- Christmas Cake
- Bejgli with walnut or poppy seeds
- Honeybread cookies (mézes kalács)
Hungarians also have szaloncukor, which is a typical Hungarian sweet often used to decorate the Christmas tree.[4]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ "St. Nicholas Around the World: Hungary". Archived from the original on 3 December 2013. Retrieved 2 December 2013.
- ^ "The Day of Mikulás in Hungary". Retrieved 25 February 2024.
- ^ "Mikulás: Saint Nicholas's Day Traditions in Hungary on 6 December". Retrieved 2 December 2013.
- ^ "Traditional Christmas Candy in Hungary: Szaloncukor". 4 October 2012.