Thrombogenicity

IUPAC definition

Property of a material (or substance) that induces and/or promotes
the formation of a thrombus.^[1]

Thrombogenicity refers to the tendency of a material in contact with the blood to produce a thrombus, or clot. It not only refers to fixed thrombi but also to emboli, thrombi which have become detached and travel through the bloodstream. Thrombogenicity can also encompass events such as the activation of immune pathways and the complement system. All materials are considered to be thrombogenic^{[citation needed]} with the exception of the normal state of endothelial cells which line blood vessels.^[2] Certain medical implants appear non-thrombogenic due to high flow rates of blood past the implant, but in reality all are thrombogenic to a degree. Various surface treatments are available to minimize these thrombogenic effects.

A thrombogenic implant will eventually be covered by a fibrous capsule, the thickness of this capsule can be considered one measure of thrombogenicity, and if extreme can lead to the failure of the implant.

References

^ Vert, Michel; Doi, Yoshiharu; Hellwich, Karl-Heinz; Hess, Michael; Hodge, Philip; Kubisa, Przemyslaw; Rinaudo, Marguerite; Schué, François (2012). "Terminology for biorelated polymers and applications (IUPAC Recommendations 2012)" (PDF). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 84 (2): 377–410. doi:10.1351/PAC-REC-10-12-04. S2CID 98107080.
^ López JA, Chen J (2009). "Pathophysiology of venous thrombosis". Thromb Res. 123 (Suppl 4): S30-4. doi:10.1016/S0049-3848(09)70140-9. PMID 19303501.

Paul, R; Marseille, O; Hintze, E; Huber, L; Schima, H; Reul, H; Rau, G (1998). "In vitro thrombogenicity testing of artificial organs". The International Journal of Artificial Organs. 21 (9): 548–52. doi:10.1177/039139889802100910. PMID 9828061. S2CID 21180052.
Kenny, DA; Berger, K; Walker, MW; Robel, SB; Boguslavsky, L; Ray, LI; Lischko, MM; Sauvage, LR (1980). "Experimental comparison of the thrombogenicity of fibrin and PTFE flow surfaces". Annals of Surgery. 191 (3): 355–61. doi:10.1097/00000658-198003000-00016. PMC 1344708. PMID 6444800.

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[1] Vert, Michel; Doi, Yoshiharu; Hellwich, Karl-Heinz; Hess, Michael; Hodge, Philip; Kubisa, Przemyslaw; Rinaudo, Marguerite; Schué, François (2012). "Terminology for biorelated polymers and applications (IUPAC Recommendations 2012)" (PDF). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 84 (2): 377–410. doi:10.1351/PAC-REC-10-12-04. S2CID 98107080.

[Lopez-2] López JA, Chen J (2009). "Pathophysiology of venous thrombosis". Thromb Res. 123 (Suppl 4): S30-4. doi:10.1016/S0049-3848(09)70140-9. PMID 19303501.

[1]

[2]

Thrombogenicity

See also

References

Further reading