Timeline of Amman

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Amman, Kingdom of Jordan.

Prior to 20th century

7250 BCE - 'Ain Ghazal Neolithic settlement was built spanning over an area of 15 hectares.
800 BCE - Amman Citadel Inscription
2nd century CE - Roman theatre and Nymphaeum built (approximate date).^[1]
3rd century CE - Rujm Al-Malfouf (tower) in use.^[2]
8th century - Al-Masjid al-Umawi (mosque) and Al-Qasr Umawi (palace) built.^[3]
1879 - Population: 150. English traveller Laurence Oliphant wrote of a visit in 1879 in his The Land of Gilead, suggesting that the area was uninhabited prior to the arrival of the Circassians.^{[nb 1]}^[4]^[5]
1890 - Population: 1,000.^[6]

20th century

1908 - Hejaz Railway in operation.^[7]
1909
- Municipal council formed.^[6]
- Population: 2,000 (approximate).^[6]
1918
- March: First Battle of Amman.^[8]
- 25 September: Second Battle of Amman.
1923 - Al-Husseini Mosque [ar] built.^[1]
1926 - Raghadan Palace built.
1928 - Amman becomes capital of the Emirate of Transjordan.^[6]
1932 - Al-Faisaly Football Club formed.
1938 - National electricity company founded.^[9]
1946 - City becomes capital of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.^[6]
1947 - Population: 33,110.^[10]
1948 - Palestinian population expands.^[6]
1949 - Cornerstone of Church of the Redeemer, Amman is laid.
1951 - Jordan Archaeological Museum established.
1952 - Population: 103,304.^[11]
1956 - Al-Wehdat Sports Club formed.
1958 - Amman Surgical Hospital built.^[3]
1961
- Abu Darweesh Mosque built.
- Population: 246,475.^[12]
1962 - University of Jordan established.
1963 - Amman International Stadium opens.
1966 - Population: 330,000.^[12]
1967
- Palestinian war refugee population expands.^[6]
- Ad-Dustour newspaper begins publication.
1970 - September: Conflict begins between Jordanian Armed Forces and Palestine Liberation Organisation.
1974 - Population: 598,000 (approximate).^[13]
1975 - The Jordan Times newspaper begins publication.
1981 - Jordan Rally (automotive race) begins.
1983 - Queen Alia International Airport built.
1985 - Population: 812,500 (estimate).^[14]
1989
- Ali Suheimat becomes mayor.
- King Abdullah I Mosque and Kan Zaman Tourist Village^[3] constructed.
1991 - Palestinian war refugee population expands.^[6]
1993 - Jordan Hospital and Jubilee School established.
1994 - Arab Medical Center in business.
1997 - Amanat 'Amman al-Kubra (city hall) built.^[3]
1998 - King Abdullah Stadium opens.
1999 - Amman Stock Exchange founded.
2000 - Al-Hussein Cultural Center inaugurated.^[15]

21st century

2001 - Jordan Media City established.
2002
- Broadcasting of Arab Radio and Television Network relocated to Amman.^[16]
- City designated an Arab Capital of Culture.
2003
- Alghad newspaper begins publication.
- Iraqi war refugee population expands.^[6]
- Mecca Mall opens.
- Le Royal Hotel built.
- Raghadan Flagpole in use.
2004 - Al Ghad newspaper begins publication.^[17]
2005
- Souk Jara begins in Jabal Amman.
- 9 November: Hotel bombings.
2006
- Omar Maani becomes mayor.
- Abdoun Bridge and King Hussein Ben Talal Mosque built.^{[citation needed]}
- City Mall opens.
2007 - Children's Museum established.
2008
- Amman Stand-up Comedy Festival begins.
- Rainbow Street renovated.^[3]
2010 - Population: 1,919,000.
2011
- Protests.^[18]
- Abdul Halim Al Kilani becomes mayor.
2012
- Prophet Mohammad Museum opens.
- TAJ Lifestyle Center (TAJ Mall) opens
2015 - 9 November: Amman shooting attack.
2018 - June: Economic protests.^[19]

Notes

^ Oliphant, Land of Gilead, quote: "...we were quickly surrounded by a group of Circassians who have been settled by the order of the Government amidst these ruins... They said that 500 of them had arrived here about three months previously, but that the majority had speedily become discontented with their prospects and had gone away; 150, including women and children, were all that remained, and these had decided to settle here. The spot had been selected, in the first instance, on account of the shelter which the caverns and old rock-cut tombs afforded... It seems never to have been occupied either by the Saracens or Turks, and consequently from the date of the Arab wars in the seventh century has remained a desolation and a wilderness. It has been reserved for the Circassians to be the first settled population, after an interval of more than a thousand years, to take possession of these crumbling remains of former greatness. It is marvellous that during all that time Ammon should have resisted all attempts permanently to change its name, and be known among the Arabs of the present day by the identical appellation it bore when we first heard of it, 1500 years before the Christian era, as being the repository of the great iron bedstead of Og the king of Bashan..."

References

^ ^a ^b The Umayyads: The Rise of Islamic Art. Vienna: Museum With No Frontiers. 2000.
^ "American Schools of Oriental Research Newsletter" (4). December 1969. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ArchNet. "Amman". Archived from the original on 26 February 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.
^ "Amman Centennial | From the end of the Umayyad era till 1878". Archived from the original on 2010-02-12.
^ "Amman USA. About Amman, Amman Tourism". Archived from the original on 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2015-09-12.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Ricca 2008.
^ "Hejaz Railway". Geographical Journal. London. 1908.
^ Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. p. 523+. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.
^ Dieterich 2003.
^ Doan 1992.
^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
^ ^a ^b Jones 1969.
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ "Greater Amman Municipality". Retrieved 29 January 2013.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ Ehab Galal (2015). "Saleh Kamel: Investing in Islam". In Donatella Della Ratta; et al. (eds.). Arab Media Moguls. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-78076-732-1.
^ "Spreading the Word: Who's Who in the Arab Media", New York Times, 6 February 2005
^ "Timelines: History of Jordan from 1917 to 2011", World Book, USA
^ "Jordanians in third night of tax rise protests", BBC News, 3 June 2018

Bibliography

Published in 19th century

Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Ammon", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
"Rabbath-Ammon", Handbook for Travellers in Syria and Palestine, London: J. Murray, 1858, OCLC 2300777
"Amman", Palestine and Syria, Leipsig: Karl Baedeker, 1876. 1898 ed.
"Rabbath Ammon", Cook's Tourists' Handbook for Palestine and Syria, London: T. Cook & Son, 1876
Èmile Isambert (1881). "Amman". Itinéraire descriptif, historique et archéologique de l'Orient. Guides Joanne (in French). Vol. 3: Syrie, Palestine. Paris. hdl:2027/nyp.33433002689614.

Published in 20th century

L. W. Jones (1969). "Rapid Population Growth in Baghdad and Amman". Middle East Journal. 23 (2): 209–215. JSTOR 4324436.
Rebecca Miles Doan (1992). "Class Differentiation and the Informal Sector in Amman, Jordan". International Journal of Middle East Studies. 24.

Published in 21st century

Renate Dieterich (2003). "Electrical Current and Nationalist Trends in Transjordan: Pinhas Rutenberg and the Electrification of Amman". Die Welt des Islams. 43 (1): 88–101. doi:10.1163/157006003763317795. JSTOR 20140649.
Simone Ricca (2008), "Amman", in Michael R.T. Dumper; Bruce E. Stanley (eds.), Cities of the Middle East and North Africa, Santa Barbara, USA: ABC-CLIO

External links

"Butler Archive: Catalogue of Photographs". Archaeological Archives. Princeton University, Department of Art & Archaeology. (Includes depictions of Amman collected by the American Archaeological Expeditions to Syria, etc., 1899-1909)

31°56′00″N 35°56′00″E / 31.933333°N 35.933333°E / 31.933333; 35.933333

[4] Oliphant, Land of Gilead, quote: "...we were quickly surrounded by a group of Circassians who have been settled by the order of the Government amidst these ruins... They said that 500 of them had arrived here about three months previously, but that the majority had speedily become discontented with their prospects and had gone away; 150, including women and children, were all that remained, and these had decided to settle here. The spot had been selected, in the first instance, on account of the shelter which the caverns and old rock-cut tombs afforded... It seems never to have been occupied either by the Saracens or Turks, and consequently from the date of the Arab wars in the seventh century has remained a desolation and a wilderness. It has been reserved for the Circassians to be the first settled population, after an interval of more than a thousand years, to take possession of these crumbling remains of former greatness. It is marvellous that during all that time Ammon should have resisted all attempts permanently to change its name, and be known among the Arabs of the present day by the identical appellation it bore when we first heard of it, 1500 years before the Christian era, as being the repository of the great iron bedstead of Og the king of Bashan..."

[mwnf2000-1] The Umayyads: The Rise of Islamic Art. Vienna: Museum With No Frontiers. 2000.

[2] "American Schools of Oriental Research Newsletter" (4). December 1969. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[archnet-3] ArchNet. "Amman". Archived from the original on 26 February 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2013.

[5] "Amman Centennial | From the end of the Umayyad era till 1878". Archived from the original on 2010-02-12.

[6] "Amman USA. About Amman, Amman Tourism". Archived from the original on 2015-08-11. Retrieved 2015-09-12.

[FOOTNOTERicca2008-7] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Ricca 2008.

[8] "Hejaz Railway". Geographical Journal. London. 1908.

[9] Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. p. 523+. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.

[FOOTNOTEDieterich2003-10] Dieterich 2003.

[FOOTNOTEDoan1992-11] Doan 1992.

[12] "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.

[FOOTNOTEJones1969-13] Jones 1969.

[14] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York. pp. 253–279.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[15] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[gam-16] "Greater Amman Municipality". Retrieved 29 January 2013.^{[permanent dead link‍]}

[ratta2015-17] Ehab Galal (2015). "Saleh Kamel: Investing in Islam". In Donatella Della Ratta; et al. (eds.). Arab Media Moguls. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1-78076-732-1.

[nyt2005-18] "Spreading the Word: Who's Who in the Arab Media", New York Times, 6 February 2005

[WorldBook-19] "Timelines: History of Jordan from 1917 to 2011", World Book, USA

[20] "Jordanians in third night of tax rise protests", BBC News, 3 June 2018

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[14]

[15]

[16]

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Timeline of Amman

Contents

Prior to 20th century

20th century

21st century

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links