The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Prior to 20th century
edit- City besieged and captured by French forces during the Second Madagascar expedition.[6]
- French colonists rename city "Tananarive."[4]
- Population: 50,000-75,000 (approximate estimate).[4]
20th century
edit- 1909 - Brickaville-Tananarive railway begins operating.[7]
- 1910 - Soarano Station opens.[7]
- 1913
- Tamatave-Tananarive railway built.[8]
- Roman Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of Tananarive active.[9]
- 1918 - Population: 63,115.[10]
- 1923 - Antsirabe-Tananarive railway begins operating.[7]
- 1925 - Botanical and Zoological Garden of Tsimbazaza founded.[11]
- 1929 - Protests against French rule[12]
- 1956 - City plan created.[5]
- 1958 - National Congress Party for the Independence of Madagascar headquartered in city.[13]
- 1959
- Flood.[5]
- Richard Andriamanjato becomes mayor.
- 1960 - City becomes capital of the new Malagasy Republic.[1]
- 1961 - University of Madagascar established.
- 1964 - Population: 298,813 city (estimate).[14]
- 1971 - Population: 347,466 city; 377,600 urban agglomeration (estimate).[15]
- 1972 - Political unrest; city hall burns down.[5]
- 1976 - City renamed "Antananarivo."(fr)
- 1983 - Midi Madagasikara newspaper begins publication.[16]
- 1993 - Population: 710,236 city.[17]
- 1995 - November: Rova of Antananarivo burns down.[5][18]
- 1997 - 1997 Jeux de la Francophonie held in Antananarivo.
21st century
edit- 2001 - Senate building constructed (approximate date).[8]
- 2002 - Civil war.[4]
- 2005
- Population: 1,015,140 city.[19]
- Meeting of the Association Internationale des Maires Francophones held in city.
- 2007 - December: Andry Rajoelina elected mayor.
- 2009 - January–February: 2009 Malagasy protests.[20]
- 2015 - Lalao Ravalomanana becomes mayor.
- 2016
- November: Meeting of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie held in city.
- December: Meeting of the Association des Villes et Collectivités de l’Ocean Indien held in city.[1]
- 2018
- 2022
- January: 2022 Antananarivo floods
- African Youth Games to be held in Antananarivo.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d "Histoire de la ville d'Antananarivo". Mairie-antananarivo.mg (in French). Commune Urbaine d'Antananarivo. Retrieved 4 July 2017.
- ^ Desmonts 2004, pp. 114–115.
- ^ Campbell 2012, p. 500.
- ^ a b c d e Rajaonah 2005.
- ^ Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Madagascar", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co. – via Internet Archive
- ^ a b c "A propos de Madarail: Historique" (in French). Antananarivo: Madarail. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
- ^ a b "Madagascar". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. pp. 258–266. ISBN 978-0203409954.
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Madagascar". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 4 July 2017.
- ^ "France: Africa: Madagascar". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
- ^ "Garden Search: Madagascar". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 4 July 2017.
- ^ Planet, Lonely. "History in Antananarivo, Madagascar". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 2019-11-28.
- ^ Veney 2003.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
Tananarive
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2000. United Nations Statistics Division.
- ^ "Madagascar: Directory". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 978-1857431834.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2004. United Nations Statistics Division.
- ^ "Antananarivo: Les dates marquantes". Iarivo-town.mg (in French). Retrieved 4 July 2017.
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.
- ^ "Madagascar Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 21 June 2011. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
- ^ "Thousands march in Madagascar to protest at election laws", Reuters, 23 April 2018
- ^ "Table 8 - Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants", Demographic Yearbook – 2018, United Nations
Bibliography
edit- in English
- Campbell, Gwyn (2012). David Griffiths and the Missionary "History of Madagascar". Leiden, the Netherlands: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-20980-0.
- James Sibree (1896). "Antananarivo, the Capital". Madagascar Before the Conquest. New York: Macmillan.
- Sibree, James (1910). . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). p. 88.
- Cassandra Rachel Veney (2003). "Antananarivo, Madagascar". In Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh (eds.). Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415234795.
- Ari Nave (2005). "Antananarivo, Madagascar". In Kwame Anthony Appiah and Henry Louis Gates (ed.). Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 215. ISBN 978-0-19-517055-9.
- Faranirina Rajaonah (2005). "Antananarivo". In Kevin Shillington (ed.). Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 158–159. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
- in French
- Ch. Brossard, ed. (1906). "Madagascar: Villes principales: Tananarive". Colonies françaises. Géographie pittoresque et monumentale de la France (in French). Paris: Flammarion. hdl:2027/mdp.39015005579753 – via HathiTrust. (+ table of contents)
- Desmonts (2004). Madagascar (in French). New York: Editions Olizane. ISBN 978-2-88086-387-6.
- Charles Robequain [in French] (1949). "Une capitale montagnarde en pays tropical: Tananarive". Revue de géographie alpine (in French). 37 – via Persée.
- J. Ramamonjisoa (1983). "L'extension urbaine de Tananarive: nouveaux visages". Madagascar: Revue de Géographie (in French). 43. OCLC 470157888 – via MadaRevues.
- Faranirina V. Esoavelomandroso (1985). "Aménagement et occupation de l'espace dans la ville moyenne d'Antananarivo pendant la colonisation". Cahiers d'études africaines (in French). 25 – via Persée.
- Faranirina Esoavelomandroso-Rajaonah (1989), "Des rizieres a la ville les plaines de l'ouest d'Antananarivo dans la premiere moitie du XXeme siecle" [From rice fields to the city plains of western Antananarivo in the first half of the twentieth century] (PDF), Omaly sy Anio (in French), no. 29–32, OCLC 499639574 – via MadaRevues
- Marie Morelle (2006). "'La rue' dans la ville africaine (Yaoundé, Cameroun et Antananarivo, Madagascar" [City streets in Africa]. Annales de géographie (in French). 115 (650): 339–360. doi:10.3406/geo.2006.21445 – via Persee.fr.
- Catherine Fournet-Guerin (2007). Vivre à Tananarive: Géographie du changement dans la capitale malgache (in French). Éditions Karthala. ISBN 978-2-8111-4168-4.
- Juliette Grolée; Veronique Jenn-Treyer (2007). La précollecte des déchets à Antananarivo, Madagascar (PDF) (in French). Antananarivo: Enda Océan Indien.
- Helihanta Rajaonarison (2010). "L'essor de la photographie de studio à Antananarivo dans les années 1930" [Rise of studio photography in Antananarivo in the 1930s]. Études Océan Indien (in French). 44 (44): 99–120. doi:10.4000/oceanindien.574 – via Revues.org.
External links
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Antananarivo.
- "(Antananarivo)". Directory of Open Access Journals. UK. (Bibliography of open access articles)
- "(Antananarivo)" – via Europeana. (Images, etc.)
- "(Antananarivo)" – via Digital Public Library of America. (Images, etc.)
- "(Antananarivo)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. 2016-09-29. (Bibliography)
- "(Antananarivo)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
- "(Antananarivo)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)
- Christian Zimmermann (ed.). "(Antananarivo)". Research Papers in Economics. US: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. (Bibliography)
- "Antananarivo". BlackPast.org. US. 2015-02-11.