The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Nîmes, France.
Prior to 18th century
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- 3rd century BCE – Tour Magne (tower) in existence.
- 121 BCE – Romans in power.[1]
- 1st century BCE – Maison Carrée (Roman temple), Porte de France (Nîmes) (gate), and Porte d'Auguste (gate) built.[citation needed]
- 1st century CE – Arena of Nîmes and Pont du Gard (aqueduct) built (approximate date).[2]
- 394 – First Council of Nîmes
- 5th century CE – Roman Catholic Diocese of Nîmes established.[3]
- 407 – Nîmes "pillaged by the Vandals."[1]
- 737 – Nîmes "sacked by Charles Martel".[1]
- 1096 – Third Council of Nîmes
- 1185 – Count of Toulouse in power.[1][2]
- 1207 - City took part in the Albigensian Crusade.[2]
- 1567 – Religious unrest ("Michelade"); Catholics killed.[2]
- 1682 – Royal Academy of Nîmes active.[4]
18th–19th centuries
edit- 1703
- April: Agau massacre of Protestants occurs near Nîmes, during the War of the Camisards.[5]
- August: Hôtel de Ville completed.[6]
- 1790
- Nîmes becomes part of the Gard souveraineté.[7]
- June: Religious unrest; Catholics killed during the Bagarre de Nîmes.[8][9]
- 1800 - Population: 39,594.[7]
- 1801 - Canton de Nîmes-1, Canton de Nîmes-2, Canton de Nîmes-3 created.[7]
- 1803
- Nîmes Chamber of Commerce established.
- Nîmes Municipal Theatre opens.
- 1815
- Austrian military under von Neipperg in Nîmes.
- White Terror occurs.
- 1821 – Musée des Beaux-Arts de Nîmes founded.
- 1846 – Nîmes courthouse built.
- 1851 – Esplanade Charles-de-Gaulle (Nîmes) created.[10]
- 1852 – Railway Tarascon-Sète-Ville line construction completed.[11]
- 1871 – Société d'étude des sciences naturelles de Nîmes et du Gard founded.[4]
- 1874 – Antoninus sculpture installed in the Square Antonin.
- 1876 – Population: 63,001.[12]
- 1877 – Journal du Midi newspaper begins publication.[13]
- 1880 – Nîmes Tramway begins operating.
- 1886 – Population: 69,898.[14]
- 1895 – Nîmes Natural History Museum founded.[15]
20th century
edit- 1910 – Industrialist and Merchant's Union formed.[16]
- 1911 – Population: 80,437.[17]
- 1920 – Musée du Vieux Nîmes established.
- 1952 – Feria de Nîmes (festival) begins.
- 1968 – Population: 123,292 in city;[7] 309,549 in arrondissement.
- 1973 – Canton de Nîmes-4 and Canton de Nîmes-5 created.[7]
- 1982
- Nîmes becomes part of the Languedoc-Roussillon region.[1]
- Canton de Nîmes-6 created.[7]
- 1986 – 16 March: 1986 French regional elections held; Jacques Blanc elected president of Languedoc-Roussillon regional council.
- 1999 – Population: 133,424 in city;[7] 457,769 in arrondissement.
21st century
edit- 2001 – Jean-Paul Fournier becomes mayor.
- 2012
- Nîmes BRT Line T1 begins operating.
- Population: 146,709 in city; 538,211 in arrondissement.
- 2014 – March: Nîmes municipal election, 2014 held.
- 2015
- March: Gard department election, 2015 held.
- December: Languedoc-Roussillon-Midi-Pyrénées regional election, 2015 held.[18]
- Musée de la Romanité de Nîmes construction begins.
- 2016 – Nîmes becomes part of the Occitanie region.
See also
edit- Nîmes history
- History of Nîmes
- Nemausus (town) (Roman-era)
- List of mayors in Nîmes
- List of heritage sites in Nîmes
- History of Gard department
Other cities in the Occitanie region:
References
edit- ^ a b c d Baedeker 1914.
- ^ a b c d e Britannica 1910.
- ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: France". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ a b "Sociétés savantes de France (Nîmes)" (in French). Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ W. Gregory Monahan (2014). Let God Arise: The War and Rebellion of the Camisards. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-100212-0.
- ^ Albin, Michel (1876). "Rue de L'Hôtel de Ville" (PDF).
- ^ a b c d e f g Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Nîmes, EHESS (in French).
- ^ Pontécoulant 1820.
- ^ Paul R. Hanson (2015). Historical Dictionary of the French Revolution (2nd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8108-7892-1.
- ^ Peyre 1903.
- ^ Ministère des travaux publics [in French] (1893). Statistique des chemins de fer français (in French). Paris: Imprimerie nationale.
- ^ "France". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1882. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590428.
- ^ A. de Chambure (1914). A travers la presse (in French). Paris: Fert, Albouy & cie.
- ^ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1890. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081590527.
- ^ Charles-Roux 1908.
- ^ Zaretsky 1995.
- ^ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440.
- ^ "Résultats élections: Nimes", Le Monde (in French), retrieved 11 April 2022
This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.
Bibliography
editin English
edit- Clement Cruttwell (1793). "Nimes". Gazetteer of France. London: G.G.J. and J. Robinson. hdl:2027/njp.32101072026816.
- "Nismes", Handbook for Travellers in France (8th ed.), London: J. Murray, 1861
- . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 701–702.
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Nismes (Nimes)", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t
- "Nimes", Southern France (6th ed.), Leipzig: Baedeker, 1914
- Daniel C. Haskell, ed. (1922), "Provencal literature and language, including the local history of southern France", Bulletin of the New York Public Library, vol. 26, hdl:2027/mdp.39015035117657,
Local history: Nimes
- Trudy Ring, ed. (1995). "Nimes". Northern Europe. International Dictionary of Historic Places. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-136-63944-9.
- Robert Zaretsky (1995). Nimes at War: Religion, Politics, and Public Opinion in the Gard, 1938-1944. Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 0-271-04332-6.
in French
edit- Adolphe de Pontécoulant (1820). Histoire des révolutions des villes de Nimes et d'Uzès (in French). Gaude.
- Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Champagnac [in French] (1839). "Nimes". Manuel des dates, en forme de dictionnaire (in French). Perisse frères.
- Eusèbe Girault de Saint-Fargeau [in French] (1850). "Nimes". Guide pittoresque: portatif et complet, du voyageur en France (in French) (3rd ed.). Paris: Firmin Didot frères. p. 80. hdl:2027/uiug.30112081968700.
- L. Gaudin (1902). "Departements Languedociens: Gard: Nimes". Catalogue de la Bibliothèque de la ville de Montpellier: Fonds de Languedoc (in French). Louis Grollier.
- "Nimes". Les Cévennes. À la France: sites et monuments (in French). Paris: Touring-Club de France. 1902. OCLC 457600236.
- Ch. Brossard, ed. (1903). "Gard: Description des villes: Nimes". Languedoc. Géographie pittoresque et monumentale de la France (in French). Flammarion. hdl:2027/mdp.39015039821098.
- Roger Peyre (1903). Nîmes, Arles, Orange, Saint-Rémy. Les Villes d'Art célèbres. Paris: H. Laurens.
- Jules Charles-Roux [in French] (1908). Nîmes (in French) (4th ed.). Paris: Bloud et Cie.
- "Nimes". Cévennes, Languedoc. Guides Joanne (in French). 1914. hdl:2027/njp.32101064992173.
External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Nîmes.
- Items related to Nîmes, various dates (via Europeana).
- Items related to Nîmes, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).