Tivaouane or Tivawan (Wolof: Tiwaawan; French: Tivaouane) is a city and urban commune located in the Thiès Region of Senegal.
Tivaouane | |
|---|---|
City and commune | |
 Arrondissements of the Tivaouane Department | |
  Tivaouane Location within Senegal | |
| Coordinates: 14°57′0″N 16°49′0″W / 14.95000°N 16.81667°W | |
| Country |  Senegal |
| Region | Thiès |
| Department | Tivaouane |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | El Hadj Malick Diop |
| Area | |
| • City and commune | 16.28 km2 (6.29 sq mi) |
| Population (2023 census)[1] | |
| • City and commune | 102,658 |
| • Density | 6,300/km2 (16,000/sq mi) |
History
editTivaouane was part of the Wolof kingdom of Cayor, and was at one time its capital. It was first described to Europeans in the 15th century by Venetian explorer Luigi Cada-Mosto.
In 1904, it was the fifth largest city in Sénégal after Saint-Louis, Dakar, Rufisque and Gorée.
It is also one of the sacred places of the Tijaniyya Sufi brotherhood. Each week, followers come to visit the tombs of religious leaders, especially that of El-Hadji Malick Sy. Visitors flock each year to celebrate the birth of Muhammad in a festival called the Maouloud (or Gamou, in Wolof, a word borrowed from the Serer word Gamahou or Gamohou - meaning "to find the lost heart", which is one of the ancient Serer religious festivals[2]).
The influence of the Muslim brotherhoods of Senegal helps to explain the dramatic demographic growth of the city, which had a population of less than 7900 in 1960.
In 2003, the mosque and zawia (Muslim school) of El-Hadji Malick Sy, the mosque of Serigne Babacar Sy and the railway station were added to the list of Senegalese historic monuments.[3]
In 2022, the recently inaugurated Mame Abdou Aziz Sy Dabakh Hospital in Tivaouane caught fire due to a short circuit. The neonatal department burned down to the ground, with 11 newborn babies dead.[4]
Administration
editTivaouane is the capital of the Tivaouane Department in the région de Thiès.
Geography
editTivaouane is a regional transport hub, where the route nationale n° 2 connecting Dakar and Saint-Louis passes near Thiès.
The nearest small towns are Yendam, Keur Massamba Daguene, Selko, Ndiagane, Keur Assane, Ndiassane et Sintiou Pir.
Population
editBetween the censuses of 1988 and 2002, Tivaouane grew from 27,117 to 38,213 inhabitants.
In 2007, according to official estimates, the population has grown to 39,766, which makes it the 15th largest city in Senegal.
Wolofs are the largest ethnic group in the area. [citation needed][dubious – discuss]
Economy
editTivaouane is in an agricultural region, at the heart of the bassin arachidier of Arachide oil (Peanut oil) production.
Catering to religious gatherings and celebrations also plays a great role in the economy.
See also
editBibliography
edit- Translation of Fr:Wikipedia Article.
- (in French) Aboubacar Diaw Seydi, L’évolution de la population de Tivaouane depuis le début du siècle, Dakar, Université de Dakar, 1988, 3 + 94 p. + 8 p. (Mémoire de Maîtrise de géographie)
- (in French) Cheikh Tidiane Fall, El Hadji Malick Sy à Tivaouane de 1902 à 1922, Dakar, Université de Dakar, 1986, 92 p. (Mémoire de Maîtrise)
Notes
edit- ^ a b Citypopulation.de Population and area of Tivaouane Commune
- ^ Diouf, Niokhobaye, "Chronique du royaume du Sine, suivie de Notes sur les traditions orales et les sources écrites concernant le royaume du Sine par Charles Becker et Victor Martin (1972)". (1972). Bulletin de l'IFAN, tome 34, série B, no 4, 1972, pp. 706–7 (pp. 4–5), pp. 713–14 (pp. 9–10).
- ^ Arrêté du 27 mars 2003 Archived 2012-02-07 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Eleven newborn babies die in Senegal hospital fire". BBC News. Retrieved 2022-05-26.
External links
edit- (in English) Maps, weather and airports for Tivaouane Archived 2007-10-25 at archive.today
- (in French) Site du CEM Ababacar Sy (Collège d'enseignement moyen de Tivaouane)