The Mindanao lorikeet or Mount Apo lorikeet (Saudareos johnstoniae) is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. Its natural habitat is tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss and trapping for the illegal wildlife trade. IUCN estimates the population to be as low as 1,500 individuals with it going locally extinct in areas of its range.
| Mindanao lorikeet | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Psittaciformes |
| Family: | Psittaculidae |
| Genus: | Saudareos |
| Species: | S. johnstoniae
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| Binomial name | |
| Saudareos johnstoniae (Hartert, EJO, 1903)
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Description and taxonomy
editThe Mindanao lorikeet is 20 cm (8 in) long. Its green and has a beautiful color on the front. Its face is red, and it has a dark purple band on the head. It has many beautiful parts under the wing. Its feet are gray. Its beak is orange, the area around its eyes is dark gray, and its iris is red. Males and females are the same in appearance. The young have less red on the face and instead of the purple band they have brown on the back of the eye, gray around their eyes, brown on their iris, and dark brown on their beak.
The Mindanao lorikeet was formerly placed in the genus Trichoglossus but was moved to a newly introduced genus Saudareos based on the results of a molecular genetic analysis of the lorikeets published in 2020.[2][3]
Behaviour and ecology
editMindanao lorikeets are known to travel between altitdues, typically roosting in lower altitude areas and then feeding in highest forest during daytime.[4] Feeds on fruits and nectar.
Birds found in breeding condition with enlarged gonads in March and May which is in line with the general breeding season of Philippine forest birds. Lays two eggs in captivity which incubate relatively quickly at just two weeks and fledge within 30–35 days.
Habitat and conservation status
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The species inhabits montane forest and forest edge above 1,000 meters above sea level. The IUCN has classified the species as near threatened.
However, this status is contested and it is generally believed that this species is much more threatened than what its IUCN status suggests. The IUCN report accounts for its habitat loss through deforestation, mining, land conversion and slash-and-burn. Relative to lowland forest, due to its ruggedness and inaccessbility, montane forest is relatively secure. However, its biggest threat is the trapping for the pet trade, even in areas where the forest has mostly remained intact this bird has now become extremely rare or even locally extinct in some areas. Due to these local extinctions, the Philippine Red List has listed it as vulnerable.[5][6]
It is found in multiple protected areas such as Mount Apo and Kitanglad Mountain Range but like all areas in the Philippines protection is lax.
There are no species specific conservation plans at the moment but conservation actions proposed by the IUCN Red List are to do surveys to better understand population and range and to better protect its habitat.[7]
References
edit- ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Trichoglossus johnstoniae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2012. Retrieved 26 November 2013.
- ^ Joseph, L.; Merwin, J.; Smith, B.T. (2020). "Improved systematics of lorikeets reflects their evolutionary history and frames conservation priorities". Emu – Austral Ornithology. 120 (3): 201–215. Bibcode:2020EmuAO.120..201J. doi:10.1080/01584197.2020.1779596. S2CID 222094508.
- ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2021). "Parrots, cockatoos". IOC World Bird List Version 11.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
- ^ Collar, Nigel; Kirwan, Guy M.; Boesman, Peter F. D. (2021). "Mindanao Lorikeet (Saudareos johnstoniae), version 1.1". Birds of the World. doi:10.2173/bow.minlor1.01.1species_shared.bow.project_name. ISSN 2771-3105.
- ^ van de Ven, Willem. "Philippine Red List of Threatened Wild Fauna" (PDF).
- ^ "Avian fauna of Mount Melibengoy, southern Mindanao, Philippines: conservation implications on a partially protected key biodiversity area under threat" (PDF). Philippine Journal of Systematic Biology. 17 (1). 19 January 2024. doi:10.26757/pjsb202317006.
- ^ IUCN (1 October 2017). Malindangia mcgregori: BirdLife International: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T22706626A118480538 (Report). International Union for Conservation of Nature. doi:10.2305/iucn.uk.2017-3.rlts.t22706626a118480538.en.
Cited Texts
edit- Forshaw, Joseph M. (2006). Parrots of the World; an Identification Guide. Illustrated by Frank Knight. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-09251-6.
External links
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- Oriental Bird Images: Mindanao Lorikeet Selected photos