Tuvan or Tuvinian can refer to:
- Of or pertaining to Tuva, a federal subject of Russia
- Tuvans or Tuvinians, a Turkic ethnic group living in southern Siberia
- Tuvan language, also known as Tuvinian, Tyvan or Tuvin, a Turkic language spoken in the Republic of Tuva
- Tuvan throat singing, a singing technique where one can sing in two tones at the same time
- Tuvan syndrome, a fictional malady in the Star Trek episode "Inter Arma Enim Silent Leges" (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)