Wikipedia

Bed size

(Redirected from Twin bed)
"Single bed" redirects here. For the song by Fox, see S-S-S-Single Bed.

Standard bed sizes are based on standard mattress sizes, which vary from country to country. Bed sizes also vary according to the size and degree of ornamentation of the bed frame. Dimensions and names vary considerably around the world, with most countries having their own standards and terminology. In addition, two mattresses with the same nominal size may have slightly different dimensions, due to manufacturing tolerances, amount of padding, and support type. Mattress sizes may differ from bedding sizes.

Single-size beds are usually intended for one person.
Double-size beds are usually intended for two persons.

Nomenclature

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Naming standards on different bed sizes and their corresponding actual measurements can vary across national standards. Examples of such nomenclature are names like "Single", "Full" or "Double", "Queen" or "King" size. Sometimes the naming standards are further divided by adding adjectives such as "Narrow", "Wide", "Extra Wide", "Long", "Extra Long" and so on, which also can vary across national standards.

For example, a King size bed may measure (in width by length):

  • 152 cm × 198 cm (60 in × 78 in) in the UK.[1]
  • 165 cm × 203 cm (65 in × 80 in) in New Zealand.[2]
  • 180 cm × 190 cm (71 in × 75 in) in Portugal, but is also available in 195 and 200 cm (77 and 79 in) lengths.[3]
  • 180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in) in Indonesia.[4]
  • 183 cm × 191 cm (72 in × 75 in) in Singapore[5] and Malaysia.[6]
  • 183 cm × 203 cm (72 in × 80 in) in Australia.[7]
  • 183 cm × 216 cm (72 in × 85 in) in India.[8]
  • 193 cm × 202 cm (76 in × 80 in) in the US.[9]

Because of the growth of international trade and the above potential cause of confusion, bed sizes are becoming more standardized. In most countries, using the International System of Units, bed dimensions most often appear in centimeters, and often only by width and length.[10] In the United States, Canada and other regions influenced by the former British Empire, dimensions are often in inches.[11]

Europe

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Comparison diagram of some of the most common European single and double bed sizes.

Europe may traditionally have had more variations in national bed size standards than any other part of the world,[12] but in the recent years a few sizes have become more common than others. Bed sizes are defined in centimeters in all European countries, although supplementary Imperial equivalents are sometimes shown in the United Kingdom.

Today, the most common widths sold by pan European retailers are:

  • 90, 100 and 120 cm (35, 39 and 47 in) for single beds.[13]
  • 160, 180 and 200 cm (63, 71 and 79 in) for double beds.

Other sizes are also available in some European countries (e.g., 80 or 140 cm (31 or 55 in)), but the widths listed above are the most common when looking at the European market as a whole, while 135 cm (53 in) and 150 cm (59 in) (nominal) are more typical in the UK and Ireland.

Today, the 200 cm (79 in) length is the most common bed length sold by pan-European retailers. Lengths of 210 or 220 cm (83 or 87 in) are often also available by special order. The longer beds are intended for taller people,[14] and as a rule of thumb 210-centimeter-long (83 in) beds may be recommended for people 190 cm (75 in) or taller, while 220 cm (87 in) beds are recommended for people over 200 cm (79 in) tall.[15]

France

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In France, single size beds are usually:

  • 90 cm × 190 cm (35 in × 75 in)
  • or 90 cm × 200 cm (35 in × 79 in).

The most common sizes for double beds are:

  • Valet size 140 cm × 190 cm (55 in × 75 in)
  • Queen size 160 cm × 200 cm (63 in × 79 in)
  • King size 180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in)

Italy

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In Italy, beds are classified by name and use the term piazza as in "place". Standard sizes are:[16]

  • una piazza (literally "one place") or singolo ("single"): 80 cm × 190 cm (31 in × 75 in) and 90 cm × 190 cm (35 in × 75 in)
  • una piazza e mezza (literally "1+1⁄2 places") or Letto da prete (literally "priest's bed"): 120 cm × 190 cm (47 in × 75 in)
  • piazza e mezza francese (literally "French 1+1⁄2 places"): 140 cm × 190 cm (55 in × 75 in)
  • due piazze (double, literally "two places") or letto matrimoniale (literally "matrimonial bed"): 160 cm × 190 cm (63 in × 75 in) and 180 cm × 190 cm (71 in × 75 in)

Northern Europe

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These sizes are for Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Germany, Poland, Belgium, Luxembourg, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. There are some variations between different countries, but these are the most common sizes. Until the 1980s the most common mattress length was 190 cm (75 in).

  • Single:
    • 70 cm × 200 cm (28 in × 79 in), mainly for double beds with two separate mattresses.
    • 80 cm × 200 cm (31 in × 79 in), mainly for young peoples beds/ bunk beds and double beds with two separate mattresses.
    • 90 cm × 200 cm (35 in × 79 in), common single bed. Extended variants are typically 210 cm (83 in).
    • 100 cm × 200 cm (39 in × 79 in), new common single bed size.
    • 120 cm × 200 cm (47 in × 79 in), uncommon, often as futon beds that are sold with mattress, slats and frame.
    • 140 cm × 200 cm (55 in × 79 in), common, especially among young people.
  • Double:
    • 140 cm × 200 cm (55 in × 79 in)[17]
    • 160 cm × 200 cm (63 in × 79 in), common, often with two separate mattresses.
    • 180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in), most common double bed,[18] often with two separate mattresses.
    • 200 cm × 200 cm (79 in × 79 in), a common extra-wide bed, often with two separate mattresses.
    • 210 cm × 210 cm (83 in × 83 in), a common extra-wide bed, often with two separate mattresses.

Netherlands

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Sizes listed refer to mattress sizes.

  • Single:
    • 80 cm × 200 cm (31 in × 79 in), small single bed.
    • 90 cm × 200 cm (35 in × 79 in), average single bed.
    • 90 cm × 210 cm (35 in × 83 in), average single bed.
    • 90 cm × 220 cm (35 in × 87 in), average single bed.
    • 100 cm × 200 cm (39 in × 79 in), large single bed.
    • 100 cm × 210 cm (39 in × 83 in), large single bed.
    • 100 cm × 220 cm (39 in × 87 in), large single bed.
  • Double:
    • 120 cm × 200 cm (47 in × 79 in), small double bed ("twijfelaar").
    • 140 cm × 200 cm (55 in × 79 in), average double bed.
    • 160 cm × 200 cm (63 in × 79 in), average double bed.
    • 160 cm × 210 cm (63 in × 83 in), long double bed.
    • 160 cm × 220 cm (63 in × 87 in), extra long double bed.
    • 180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in), large double bed ("Lits Jumeaux").
    • 180 cm × 210 cm (71 in × 83 in), large double bed.
    • 180 cm × 220 cm (71 in × 87 in), large double bed.
    • 200 cm × 200 cm (79 in × 79 in), extra large double bed.
    • 200 cm × 210 cm (79 in × 83 in), extra large double bed.
    • 200 cm × 220 cm (79 in × 87 in), extra large double bed.

Portugal

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In Portugal, the most common widths for beds are:

  • solteiro (single): 80 cm (31 in) or 90 cm (35 in)
  • casal (double): 140 cm (55 in)
  • Queen size: 160 cm (63 in)
  • King size: 180 cm (71 in)
  • Super king size: 200 cm (79 in)

Beds are typically 190 cm (75 in) or 195 cm (77 in) long, but 200 cm (79 in) have become more common.

Spain

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In Spain, standardized lengths are 180, 190 and 200 cm (71, 75 and 79 in), with 190 cm (75 in) being the most common. Standardized widths are 80, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150 or 180 cm (31, 35, 41, 47, 53, 59 or 71 in). The most common bed sizes are:

  • individual (single): 90 cm (35 in)
  • matrimonio (Spanish) or matrimoni (Catalan) (double, literally "matrimonial"): 135 or 150 cm (53 or 59 in)

UK and Ireland

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Customary UK and Ireland sizes

In the United Kingdom and Ireland, beds are measured according to the size of mattress they hold,[19] not the dimensions of the bed frame itself; bed frame sizes are not standardized and may differ between manufacturers.[1][20] Listed below are the typical bed sizes from the National Bed Federation, which is the trade association for the majority of British and Irish bed manufacturers and their suppliers.[21] Most NBF manufacturers use designs dimensioned in feet and inches with the metric indicators not being exact equivalents.[22] There can legally be a tolerance of up to ±2 cm (0.8 in) between the quoted measurements and the size of the mattress itself.[23]

Size Dimensions
Centimeters Inches[20][1]
Small single 76 × 191 30 × 75
Single 91 × 191 36 × 75
Small double* 122 × 191 48 × 75
Double 137 × 191 54 × 75
King 152 × 198 60 × 78
Super King 183 × 198 72 × 78

*Also known as a "three-quarter" or "four-foot" bed.[24]

Some UK retailers may have a "queen" size which refers to one of the above standard sizes, but there is inconsistency around which size specifically, with both the small double and super king being prevalent.

Adjustable beds or electric adjustable bed sizes differ from the standard bed size. The length of these beds differ from a standard size due to the nature of the bed needing to bend. So they are 200 cm in length rather than 191 cm. King size and super king size are normally two 75 cm or two 90 cm adjacent beds.[25]

As well as customary UK sizes, some common European sizes can be found in the UK from imports and IKEA.[20][26] The typical length of an IKEA and other European mattresses is 200 cm (79 in), whereas UK lengths vary depending on the width of the mattress, being usually either 191 or 198 cm (75 or 78 in).[27] In 2015, IKEA started offering beds and mattresses in customary UK sizes alongside their standard European sizes.[28]

Turkey

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In Turkey, single size beds are usually 90 cm × 190 cm (35 in × 75 in); long single size 90 cm × 200 cm (35 in × 79 in); large single size 100 cm × 200 cm (39 in × 79 in).

There is also an intermediate size used for one and a half people[clarification needed] in Turkey: 120 cm × 200 cm (47 in × 79 in).

The most common sizes for double beds are: small double size 140 cm × 190 cm (55 in × 75 in); young size 140 cm × 200 cm (55 in × 79 in); double size 150 cm × 200 cm (59 in × 79 in); double size 160 cm × 200 cm (63 in × 79 in); double large size 180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in); double XL size 200 cm × 200 cm (79 in × 79 in).

North America

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Standard North American bed sizes
 
An American hotel room with two queen-size beds

The sizes of mattresses use non-numeric labels such as a "king" or "full", but are defined in inches. Historically most beds were "twins" or "doubles" but in the mid-1940s larger mattresses were introduced by manufacturers. These were later standardized as "queen" and "king", and first made a significant impact on the market in the 1950s and 60s.[29] Standard mattress depth ranges from the "standard" size of 9 in (23 cm) to "high contour" of up to 13 in (33 cm). Below are the standard ISPA widths and heights in the United States and Canada.[30][31]

While the dimensions are specified to the half-inch below, the actual dimension used by manufacturers or various websites may be half an inch larger or smaller.[30]

Size Dimensions
Inches Centimeters
Twin or Single 38.5 × 74.5 98 × 189
Twin XL 38.5 × 79.5 98 × 202
Full or Double 53.5 × 74.5 136 × 189
Queen 60 × 79.5 152 × 202
King 76 × 79.5 193 × 202
California King 72 × 83.5 183 × 212

Less common sizes include:

Size Dimensions
Inches Centimeters
Crib 27.5 × 52 70 × 132
Junior 27.5 × 63 70 × 160
Cot or Small Single 30 × 75 76 × 191
Antique Single 36 × 72 91 × 183
Twin XXL 37.5 × 83.5 95 × 212
Antique Double or Three-quarter[32] 48 × 72 122 × 183
Full XL or Double XL 53.5 × 79.5 136 × 202
Super Queen, Olympic Queen, or Expanded Queen 66 × 80 168 × 203
California Queen 60 × 83.5 152 × 212
Super King, Grand King, Athletic King, or Texas King[33] 80 × 98 203 × 249
Wyoming King[33] 84 × 84 213 × 213
Alberta King or Alaskan Queen 96 × 96 244 × 244
Alaskan King[33] 108 × 108 274 × 274

There are also a number of specialty sizes for specific use cases:

Size Dimensions Notes
Inches Centimeters
Half Queen or Split Queen 30 × 79.5 76 × 202 For adjustable Queen size beds where each half moves independently.
Half California King or Split California King 36 × 83.5 91 × 212 For adjustable California King size beds where each half moves independently.
Short Queen or RV Queen 60 × 75 152 × 191 Typically found in recreational vehicles and campers
Short King or RV King 72 × 75 183 × 191 Typically found in RVs. Narrower and shorter than a standard King.
RV King 72 × 80 183 × 203 Narrower than a standard King.
Single Waterbed 36 × 82 91 × 208 Used for conventional mattress inserts inside a Single/Twin waterbed frame.
Super Single Waterbed 47 × 82 119 × 208 Used for conventional waterbed insert inside a Super Single waterbed frame.
Queen Waterbed 58 × 82 147 × 208 Used for conventional waterbed insert inside a Queen waterbed frame. (Subtract 2 in (5 cm) from California Queen size)
King Waterbed 70 × 82 178 × 208 Used for conventional waterbed insert inside a King waterbed frame. (Subtract 2 in (5 cm) from California King size)
Medium Family Bed 108 × 80 274 × 203 For co-sleeping with multiple partners, children, or pets.
Large Family Bed 120 × 80 305 × 203 For co-sleeping with multiple partners, children, or pets.
XL Family Bed[34] 144 × 84 366 × 213 For co-sleeping with multiple partners, children, or pets. Is the same as two California Kings side-by-side.
Truck Sleeper Cab common mattress sizes (without specific names) 32 × 79 81 × 201 Many additional sizes are considered Standard for trucks, and custom sizes are available as well.
35 × 79 89 × 201
36 × 76 91 × 193
38 × 80 97 × 203
42 × 80 107 × 203

Bedding in the United States must state the type of bed it is intended for, in addition to the dimensions in both inches and centimeters.[35]

Bed Height

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In addition to the horizontal dimensions of beds, another aspect to bed size is the vertical height of the bed. This is particularly relevant for bunk beds, loft beds, Murphy beds, and canopy beds, which require more vertical space than other beds.

In the case of both bunk beds and loft beds, it's generally suggested that there is at least 40 inches (1 meter) of vertical space between the top of the mattress to the ceiling. This allows the average-sized adult to sit up comfortably in bed.[36]

For vertical Murphy beds, which fold up against the wall, ceiling height must accommodate the full length of the Murphy bed wall frame.

For canopy beds, there needs to be suitable clearance between the top of the canopy point and the ceiling.

Oceania

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Australia

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The following bed sizes are available in Australia.[37]

 
Traditional Australian bed sizes.
Size Dimensions
Centimeters Inches
Single 92 × 188 36 × 74
Long single 92 × 203 36 × 80
King single 107 × 203 42 × 80
Double 138 × 188 54 × 74
Queen 153 × 203 60 × 80
King 183 × 203 72 × 80
Super king 204 × 204 80 × 80

New Zealand

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The following bed sizes are available in New Zealand.[citation needed]

Size Dimensions
Centimeters Inches
Single 92 × 188 36 × 74
Single XL 92 × 203 36 × 80
King single 107 × 203 42 × 80
Double 135 × 188 53 × 74
Queen 150 × 203 59 × 80
King 165 × 203 65 × 80
Super king 183 × 203 72 × 80
California king 203 × 203 80 × 80

Africa

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South Africa

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In South Africa, bed sizes have standard lengths of either 188 or 200 cm (74 or 79 in),[38] with the latter being called "XL" variants. XL mattresses have the same widths as their non-XL counterparts.[39] The 200 cm (79 in) XL length is recommended for persons over 183 cm (6 ft) tall.[40]

  • Single: 92 cm (36 in) wide
  • Three-quarter: 107 cm (42 in) wide
  • Double: 137 cm (54 in) wide
  • Queen: 152 cm (60 in) wide
  • King: 183 cm (72 in) wide. Equal to the width of two single mattresses.
  • Super king: 200 cm (79 in) wide. Available in XL length only.

Asia

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China

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In China, the following sizes are standard:[41]

  • Lengths: 190, 195, 200, 210 cm (75, 77, 79, 83 in)
  • Single bed widths: 80, 90, 100, 110, 120 cm (31, 35, 39, 43, 47 in)
  • Double bed widths: 135, 140, 150, 180 cm (53, 55, 59, 71 in)

In practice, bed sizes are usually categorized by the width. The length is typically 200 cm (79 in), but this may vary. The most common sizes are:[citation needed]

  • 120 cm × 200 cm (47 in × 79 in)
  • 150 cm × 200 cm (59 in × 79 in)
  • 180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in)

Other bed sizes are available, which are less common however.

Indonesia

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In Indonesia, the standard length is always 200 cm (79 in). The following market-standard sizes are commonly available in Indonesia:[42]

Single
90 cm × 200 cm (35 in × 79 in)
Double or twin
120 cm × 200 cm (47 in × 79 in)
Queen
160 cm × 200 cm (63 in × 79 in)
King
180 cm × 200 cm (71 in × 79 in)
Super king
200 cm × 200 cm (79 in × 79 in)

Japan

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Standard Japanese bedding sizes are described in the standard JIS S 1102:2017 Beds for domestic use by the Japanese Standards Association.[43]

Size Dimensions
Centimeters Inches
Single 97 × 195 38 × 77
Semi-double 122 × 195 48 × 77
Double 140 × 195 55 × 77
Wide double 152 × 195 60 × 77
Queen 160 × 195 63 × 77
King 194 × 195 76 × 77
King long 194 × 205 76 × 81

Malaysia

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Standard bed sizes in Malaysia[44]

Size Dimensions
centimetres inches
Single 91 × 191 36 × 75
Super single 107 × 191 42 × 75
Queen 152 × 191 60 × 75
King 183 × 191 72 × 75

Pakistan

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Standard bed sizes in Pakistan.

  • Single: 99 cm × 191 cm (39 in × 75 in)
  • Single XL: 99 cm × 203 cm (39 in × 80 in)
  • Double: 152 cm × 191 cm (60 in × 75 in)
  • Double XL: 152 cm × 203 cm (60 in × 80 in)
  • Queen: 168 cm × 203 cm (66 in × 80 in)
  • King: 168 cm × 213 cm (66 in × 84 in)
  • Super King: 183 cm × 213 cm (72 in × 84 in)

Singapore

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Standard bed sizes in Singapore[45]

Size Dimensions
centimetres inches
Single 91 × 190 36 × 75
Super single 107 × 190 42 × 75
Queen 152 × 190 60 × 75
King 183 × 190 72 × 75

Taiwan

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There are five common bed sizes in Taiwan, locally known as 3 footer, 3.5 footer, 5 footer, 6 footer and 7 footer. They are also known as Taiwanese small single, twin, full, queen and king respectively.

Size Dimensions
Centimeters Inches
Small single 91 × 188 36 × 74
Twin 106 × 188 42 × 74
Double 152 × 188 60 × 74
Queen 182 × 188 72 × 74
King 182 × 212 72 × 83

However, American beds are also popular in Taiwan. Bedroom furniture and bedding of U.S. standard sizes can be purchased in major cities there.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "Shopping for a new bed". National Bed Federation. Archived from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 18 December 2020.
  2. ^ "Mattress Sizes: Single, Double, Queen, King & Super King | Bedpost New Zealand". Bedpost.co.nz. 29 August 2022. Archived from the original on 25 August 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
  3. ^ "Portuguese Bed Sizes". SizeChart.com. Archived from the original on 29 August 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
  4. ^ "FAQ » Serta Mattress Indonesia". Archived from the original on 25 August 2019. Retrieved 25 August 2019.
  5. ^ "The Definitive Guide to Mattress Sizes in Singapore". Simmons.com.sg. Archived from the original on 25 August 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
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  10. ^ European beds Archived 17 October 2019 at the Wayback Machine (Sizechart.com)
  11. ^ Standard bed sizes Archived 26 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine (Bedsizes.com)
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  14. ^ "Valg av seng - Slik velger du den beste seng - Les guide her". Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  15. ^ "Rammemadrass - Se stort utvalg & finn de beste rammemadrasser her". Archived from the original on 17 June 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  16. ^ Ciardini, Giacomo (2 January 2021). "Misure Materassi Standard". Unmaterasso. Archived from the original on 21 October 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2021.
  17. ^ "Trekvart-seng eller halvanden-mands-seng – find den på" Archived 20 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine, Bilka.dk
  18. ^ "What Is a German Double Bed?" Archived 25 August 2019 at the Wayback Machine "A German double bed is typically 180 cm × 200 cm"
  19. ^ "Escapology UK Bed & Mattress Sizes". Archived from the original on 10 March 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
  20. ^ a b c "National Bed Federation Bed Buyers' Guide" (PDF). National Bed Federation. 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
  21. ^ "Trade Association Elects New President". National Bed Federation. 8 May 2018. Archived from the original on 1 January 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
  22. ^ "NBF Guidelines: Standard Bed Sizes". National Bed Federation. Archived from the original on 17 December 2013.
  23. ^ "NBF Guidelines: Tolerances". National Bed Federation. Archived from the original on 2 May 2013.
  24. ^ Steven Bennett (October 2017). "What size is a three quarter (Small Double) Bed or Mattress". Prestige Beds. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
  25. ^ Archers, Sleepcentre. "Adjustable Beds". archerssleepcentre.co.uk. Archers Sleepcentre. Retrieved 18 December 2023.
  26. ^ "Bed buyer's guide". IKEA. Archived from the original on 28 June 2018. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
  27. ^ "IKEA size guide". bed factory direct .co.uk. Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
  28. ^ "Ikea booms in Britain after smaller beds introduced". The Guardian. 12 January 2015. Archived from the original on 23 August 2019. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
  29. ^ "1941–1965: Mattress makers introduce 'king' and 'queen' sizes". BedTimes. 10 June 2016. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  30. ^ a b "About the Industry". International Sleep Products Association. Archived from the original on 1 December 2001.
  31. ^ Sleep Products Voluntary Dimensional Guideline for Bedding Products and Components. International Sleep Products Association. 2001. Archived from the original on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
  32. ^ "What size is a three-quarter bed?". Reference. 4 August 2015. Archived from the original on 15 September 2017. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  33. ^ a b c Sen, Sanchita (19 March 2020). "Wyoming King vs. Alaskan King vs. Texas King: What's the Difference?". Archived from the original on 16 November 2020. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
  34. ^ "Biggest Bed Size: Family, Alberta, Wyoming, Texas, & More". Purple Innovation. 30 January 2023. Retrieved 14 March 2024.
  35. ^ "Handbook 130 – 2012 Uniform Packaging and Labeling Regulation" (PDF). US National Institute of Standards and Technology. 9 May 2017. p. 81. Retrieved 3 December 2023.
  36. ^ McKenna, David J. (2 October 2024). "Mattress Dimensions and Bed Sizes". CozyBeds. Retrieved 9 October 2024. {{cite web}}: Check |archive-url= value (help)CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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  38. ^ "Mattress Buying Guide". The Sleep Gallery. Archived from the original on 23 August 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
  39. ^ Rikki (10 April 2019). "Bed Sizes by Bedworld - A Quick Guide to bed sizes in South Africa". Bedworld.co.za. Archived from the original on 23 August 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
  40. ^ "Bed and Mattresses Sizes in South Africa Explained". Bedking.co.za. Archived from the original on 23 August 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2022.
  41. ^ "中华人民共和国轻工业标准 QB/T1952.2—99 -- 弹 簧 软 床 垫". 国家轻工业局. 12 July 1999. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
  42. ^ https://www.ikea.co.id/in/inspirasi/tips-memilih-jenis-ukuran-kasur-untuk-kamar-tidur Archived 31 March 2022 at the Wayback Machine (Tips for choosing the right mattress sizes for your bedroom before buying one)
  43. ^ JIS S 1102:2017 Beds for domestic use Archived 4 October 2021 at the Wayback Machine Japanese title: "JIS S 1102:2017 住宅用普通ベッド - 日本工業規格" (Supersedes "JIS S 1101:1981 Nominal Dimensions Of Domestic Beds", Japanese Standards Association)
  44. ^ homedirectadmin (19 August 2018). "Malaysia Bed and Mattress sizes". FurnitureDirect.com.my. Retrieved 1 June 2022.
  45. ^ "Mattress Sizes and Dimensions in Singapore - The Most Complete Guide | SleepWiz". 12 December 2023. Retrieved 21 December 2023.
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