Ulysses Simpson Grant Sharp Jr. (April 2, 1906 – December 12, 2001) was a four-star admiral of the United States Navy who served as Commander-in-Chief, United States Pacific Fleet (CINCPACFLT) from 1963 to 1964; and Commander-in-Chief, United States Pacific Command (CINCPAC) from 1964 to 1968. He was the serving CINCPAC during the Gulf of Tonkin Incident, the event which largely precipitated the United States' involvement in the Vietnam War. Sharp was related to and namesake of Ulysses S. Grant, who married Sharp's great-aunt.[1][2]
U. S. Grant Sharp Jr. | |
|---|---|
 Ulysses S. Grant Sharp Jr. | |
| Birth name | Ulysses Simpson Grant Sharp Jr. |
| Nickname(s) | Oley |
| Born | April 2, 1906 Chinook, Montana |
| Died | December 12, 2001 (aged 95) San Diego, California |
| Buried | Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery, San Diego |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Service | United States Navy |
| Years of service | 1927–1968 |
| Rank | Admiral |
| Commands | United States Pacific Command United States Pacific Fleet United States First Fleet USS Boyd |
| Battles / wars | World War II Korean War Vietnam War |
| Awards | Navy Distinguished Service Medal (2) Army Distinguished Service Medal Silver Star (2) Bronze Star Medal (2) Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal (3) with Combat V |
Military career
editSharp was born in Chinook, Montana, and named for Ulysses S. Grant, who was married to his grandmother's sister. Raised in Fort Benton, Montana,[3] he graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1927. He is also a 1950 graduate of the Naval War College.
During World War II, he commanded the destroyer USS Boyd in the Pacific Theater, earning two Silver Stars.
His brother, Lieutenant Commander Thomas F. Sharp (USNA class of 1935), was reported lost on May 13, 1943 when his submarine USS Pickerel was sunk during its seventh combat patrol of the World War II Pacific campaign.
By the Korean War, he was commanding a destroyer squadron, assisting in the planning of the Inchon landing. He served as deputy chief of naval operations for policy and planning in the early 1960s.
After receiving his fourth star, Sharp took command of the Pacific Fleet in 1963, followed by command of Pacific Command. During his tenure, due to the Tonkin Gulf Incident, the U.S. increased its presence in Vietnam after the passage of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. Sharp's views on U.S. strategy in the war, namely massive military action, differed sharply with the Johnson administration's preference for a gradual buildup of forces. Sharp was featured on the August 14, 1964, cover of TIME Magazine.
Awards and decorations
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| Navy Distinguished Service Medal w/ 1 gold award star | ||||||||
| Army Distinguished Service Medal | Silver Star w/ award star | Bronze Star w/ award star | ||||||
| Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal w/ Valor Device and 2 award stars | American Defense Service Medal w/ 1 bronze service star | American Campaign Medal | ||||||
| European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal w/ 1 service star | Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal w/ 7 service stars | World War II Victory Medal | ||||||
| Navy Occupation Service Medal | National Defense Service Medal w/ 1 service star | Korea Service Medal w/ 3 campaign stars | ||||||
| Korea Presidential Unit Citation | Philippine Liberation Medal w/ 1 service star | United Nations Korea Medal | ||||||
Post military career
editAfter retiring from the Navy, Sharp was a critic of U.S. policy in the Vietnam War, lecturing frequently and writing articles. He wrote an article in Reader's Digest in 1969 titled We Could Have Won in Vietnam Long Ago, and in 1979 his book Strategy for Defeat: Vietnam in Retrospect[4] was published.
His first wife, Patricia, whom he married in 1931, died in 1986. In 1988 he married the former Nina Blake.
After suffering a fall in October 2001, Sharp's health steadily declined until he died on December 12, 2001, at his home in San Diego. He was buried in Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery.
See also
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References
edit- ^ U.S. Oliver, Myrna. Grant Sharp, 95; Admiral, Vocal Critic of Vietnam Strategy Los Angeles Times, December 17, 2001.
- ^ Christopher Marquis. Ulysses S. Grant Sharp Jr., Vietnam War Admiral, 95 New York Times obituary, December 18, 2001
- ^ The Imperturbable Admiral, TIME Magazine August 14, 1964
- ^ Sharp, U. S. Grant. Strategy for Defeat: Vietnam in Retrospect. San Rafael, Calif: Presidio Press, 1978.
Further reading
edit- Ewing, James W. Admiral Sharp, Air Power and Victory: A Critical Analysis of Strategy for Defeat, Vietnam in Retrospect, by Admiral U.S.G. Sharp, USN. Maxwell AFB, AL: Air Command and Staff College, Air University, 1988.
- Marquis, Christopher . Ulysses S. Grant Sharp Jr., Vietnam War Admiral, 95 New York Times obituary, December 18, 2001
- Moïse, Edwin E. Tonkin Gulf and the Escalation of the Vietnam War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.